scholarly journals IDEA At Age Forty: Weathering Common Core Standards And Data Driven Decision Making

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Vaughn Bicehouse ◽  
Jean Faieta

Special education, a discipline that aims to provide specialized instruction to meet the unique needs of each child with a disability, has turned 40 years old in the United States. Ever since the passage of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (P.L. 94-142) in 1975, every state has been directed to provide a free and appropriate education for all students with disabilities (Gallagher, 2000; Rothstein, 1995). The focus of this paper is to revisit the foundations of the special education movement in the United States to show how special education has progressed since 1975. The current Race to the Top movement impacts school districts across the nation, creating great concern about what this means for students with disabilities and how it affects their struggle to succeed within the public school domain. In fact, after 40 years, (P.L. 94-142) known as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, IDEA, is the current high stakes standards and assessment climate taking the “special” out of special education? 

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice-Ann Darrow ◽  
Mary S. Adamek

A number of initiatives in special education have occurred in the United States over the years, some mandated by amendments to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. Having a working knowledge of these initiatives allows music educators to have informed discussions with colleagues and parents and participate more fully in Individualized Education Program (IEP) meetings. Adopting special education practices that are appropriate to music education can also promote consistent and coordinated efforts on behalf of students with disabilities. This article includes summaries of current practices and initiatives in special education. For music educators who would like a basic understanding of their colleagues’ discipline, these summaries offer useful information that can facilitate the inclusion of students with disabilities.


2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Stephen A Rosenbaum

In this essay, disability practitioner and scholar Stephen Rosenbaum proposes a radical change in the United States administrative adversarial adjudicatory process for resolution of “special” education disputes between educators and students with disabilities, looking for inspiration in part to Canada and the Commonwealth’s use of an inquisitorial approach. Typically, the dispute is over whether the students—termed “les enfants en difficulté” in French-speaking Canada—are receiving an appropriate array of instructional interventions and services. Adversarial adjudication has had many critics over the years. Asking a judge to weigh the parent (or student’s) preferred options under the U.S. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [IDEA] against those of the school administration may not be the optimal method for designating a pupil’s educational program—nor a good use of time and money.  The author’s blueprint calls for replacing the IDEA due process hearing with another model in instances where the family and school authorities disagree about the components of a student’s instructional program. Under current law, the hearing is typically conducted by an administrative jurist in which the parties present evidence, expert testimony and argument, if they have been unable to resolve their disagreement at a school-based team meeting, mediation or some other informal conference. In the proposal presented here, disagreements would instead be reviewed by a “special master” whose expertise is in education or disability rather than law. Through a process of problem-solving or “active adjudication,” the master (or “independent educational reviewer”) would attempt to quickly resolve the dispute over appropriate placement, instructional strategies and/or services. The master could hold a conference, conduct a hearing or brief investigation, receive more documents, consult with experts or correspond in some other mode with the parties. The master’s determination would be subject to judicial review in limited circumstances. Dans le présent essai, Stephen Rosenbaum, avocat et universitaire spécialisé en matière d’éducation et de la situation de handicap, s’inspire en partie de l’approche inquisitoire suivie au Canada et au Commonwealth pour proposer une modification radicale du processus contradictoire qu’utilisent les instances administratives américaines pour résoudre les différends opposant les éducateurs et les élèves avec les incapacités intellectuelles ou psycho-sociales. Habituellement, le différend porte sur la question de savoir si les élèves, appelés « les enfants en difficulté » dans le Canada francophone, reçoivent un éventail approprié de services d’aide et d’intervention en matière d’éducation. Le processus contradictoire a été décrié à maintes reprises au fil des années. Demander au juge de soupeser les options que privilégient les parents (ou les élèves) en application de la loi des États-Unis intitulée Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [IDEA] par rapport à celles de l’administration scolaire n’est peut-être pas la meilleure façon de procéder pour élaborer le programme d’éducation d’un élève, et ne représente pas non plus une bonne utilisation des ressources.L’auteur propose de remplacer l’audience équitable prévue par l’IDEA par un autre processus dans les cas où la famille et les autorités scolaires ne s’entendent pas sur le contenu du programme d’éducation d’un élève. Selon la loi actuellement en vigueur, l’audience est habituellement conduite par un juriste administratif devant lequel les parties présentent des éléments de preuve, des témoignages d’expert et des arguments, si elles ont été incapables de régler leur différend lors d’une rencontre, d’une séance de médiation ou d’une autre conférence informelle avec une équipe pluridisciplinaire de l’école. Dans le modèle proposé ici, les désaccords seraient plutôt examinés par un « special master » (conseiller spécial) qui serait spécialisé en matière d’éducation ou de la situation de handicap plutôt qu’en droit. Dans le cadre d’un processus axé sur la résolution de problèmes ou sur l’« arbitrage actif », le conseiller (ou l’« examinateur pédagogique indépendant ») s’efforcerait de régler rapidement le différend au sujet du placement ou des services ou stratégies pédagogiques qui conviennent. Le conseiller pourrait tenir une conférence, conduire une audience ou une brève enquête, recevoir d’autres documents, consulter des experts ou correspondre d’une autre manière avec les parties. La décision du conseiller serait susceptible de contrôle judiciaire dans des circonstances restreintes.


Author(s):  
Mokter Hossain

Being a country of diversity, the United States has had a long tradition of research and practices in special education in the form of inclusion. Since passage of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) of 1975, now referred to as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 2004, a free appropriate public education has been available to all children with disabilities. However, inclusion of students with disabilities into general education classrooms has taken decades to be considered appropriate practice. Controversies, research, and legislation have shaped a collaborative relationship between general and special education. A wide range of political, epistemological, and institutional factors have facilitated a more child-centered public education. This chapter presents an overview of current issues and practices in the inclusion of students with disabilities in the U.S. The topics include: historical background; public laws that led to successful inclusion; categories and prevalence, and identification strategies; and inclusion practices for students with mild-to-moderate and selective significant disabilities for providing them equal and appropriate educational experiences in the mainstream classrooms.


1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 323-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Sileo ◽  
Mary Anne Prater

Significant changes in the public school population throughout the United States are influenced by the increasing numbers of immigrants who enter the country annually. It is estimated that in the next 50 years the U.S. population will become exceedingly more ethnically diverse than it is at present. Immigrants from Asian and Pacific Rim countries are emigrating to the United States more rapidly than any other group. We discuss the impact of increased numbers of Asian and Pacific Islander students in the context of special education. In particular, we focus on the changing demographics of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in the overall U.S. population and on the importance of designing and delivering special education services that address their diverse cultural and linguistic characteristics, culturally and linguistically relevant instructional practices, and parental involvement.


2013 ◽  
pp. 86-110
Author(s):  
Mokter Hossain

Being a country of diversity, the United States has had a long tradition of research and practices in special education in the form of inclusion. Since passage of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) of 1975, now referred to as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 2004, a free appropriate public education has been available to all children with disabilities. However, inclusion of students with disabilities into general education classrooms has taken decades to be considered appropriate practice. Controversies, research, and legislation have shaped a collaborative relationship between general and special education. A wide range of political, epistemological, and institutional factors have facilitated a more child-centered public education. This chapter presents an overview of current issues and practices in the inclusion of students with disabilities in the U.S. The topics include: historical background; public laws that led to successful inclusion; categories and prevalence, and identification strategies; and inclusion practices for students with mild-to-moderate and selective significant disabilities for providing them equal and appropriate educational experiences in the mainstream classrooms.


Author(s):  
Michael L. Hardman ◽  
John McDonnell ◽  
Marshall Welch

Since its original passage in 1975 as Public Law 94-142, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) has been the cornerstone of practice in special education. This federal law has enabled all eligible students with disabilities to access a free and appropriate public education. During the past 2 years, the 104th Congress has debated vigorously some of the law's basic tenets (e.g., definition of disability, content of the individualized education plan [IEP], parental rights to attorneys, fees, discipline, and placement). The basic requirements of the law remain intact and continue to shape the scope and content of special education. This article addresses whether or not the assumptions upon which IDEA is based remain valid as we approach the 21st century. We critique these assumptions within the context of four requirements of IDEA: (a) eligibility and labeling, (b) free and appropriate public education, (c) the individualized education program (IEP), and (d) the least restrictive environment. Recommendations for changes in existing law relative to each of the above requirements are presented.


1964 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
John E. Fogarty

The future strength of the United States rests on the best possible education for all children. In 1963, Congress responded to the educational needs of handicapped children with the passage of significant legislation. As yet, Congress has not determined the role of the federal government in the education of the gifted. The author would welcome proposals for such participation from the profession.


2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Suk ◽  
James E. Martin ◽  
Amber E. McConnell ◽  
Tiffany L. Biles

Individuals With Disabilities Education Act 2004 mandates transition planning for students with disabilities begin by the age of 16 years. Currently, no study exists describing when states and territories require transition planning to begin; we conducted a methodical review to determine this age. We found over half (52%) the U.S. states and territories (29 of 56) require transition planning begin prior to the federal age 16 mandate. To argue the age 16 federal mandate is too old and needs to be lowered to at least age 14, we review special education law, provide a summary of influential position statements, cite relevant data-based studies, and provide an overview of research-based transition models.


2020 ◽  
pp. 016264342092306
Author(s):  
Kathryn Nieves

With emphasis placed on the least restrictive learning environments under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), students with disabilities are often placed in general education classrooms. As a result, the discussion of inclusion strategies has increased in special education. The rise in 1:1 device initiatives offers the inclusionary practice of giving all students within a school access to their own device, with Google’s Chromebook and Apple’s iPad being among the most common device choices. This article explains the potential uses of 1:1 devices for students in inclusion settings, including built-in accessibility features and implementation strategies for educators.


2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 321-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela M. T. Prince ◽  
Mitchell L. Yell ◽  
Antonis Katsiyannis

On March 22, 2017, the U.S. Supreme Court announced its decision in Endrew F. v. Douglas County School District. This case addressed the question how much educational benefit are public schools required to provide to students with disabilities under the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) to confer a free appropriate public education (FAPE). The purpose of this legal update is to provide a brief overview of court developments regarding FAPE, summarize Endrew, and provide implications for practice.


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