scholarly journals Management Of Accrual Components In Response To Corporate Income Tax Rate Changes: Evidence From Korea

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Wook Choi ◽  
Hyun-Ah Lee
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Taxable Income ◽  
Accruals Management ◽  
Accrual Management ◽  
Aggressive Tax Avoidance ◽  
Statutory Tax Rate

Changes in the statutory corporate income tax rate provide firms with an opportunity to reduce their tax burden by shifting their taxable income from higher to lower tax rate years. One negative consequence of shifting taxable income across years is higher variation in book income for financial reporting purposes. Taxable income and book income are closely related in most countries, and, in general, reporting volatile book income across years is not a favorable signal to investors. This study investigates how firms shift taxable income and concurrently mitigate book income fluctuation by managing accrual components separately when the statutory income tax rate changes. Unlike prior studies, we decompose discretionary accruals into two components and examine distinctive patterns of accrual management in Korea, where book-tax conformity is high and aggressive tax avoidance is restricted. We find that firms manage book-tax accruals for taxable income shifting and manage book-only accruals to mitigate book income fluctuation. Furthermore, we find the extent of book-tax and book-only accruals management varies depending on the firms tax and financial reporting costs. The results of this study provide clear and compelling evidence of firms opportunistic accrual management behavior in response to statutory tax rate reduction.

scholarly journals Effects of IFRS adoption on tax avoidance

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (75) ◽  
pp. 407-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Nogueira Braga
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Corporate Tax ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Publicly Traded Companies ◽  
Accruals Management ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Ifrs Adoption

ABSTRACT This study investigates the association between mandatory International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption and corporate tax avoidance. In this study, tax avoidance is defined as a reduction in the effective corporate income tax rate through tax planning activities, whether these are legal, questionable, or even illegal. Three measures of tax avoidance are used and factors at the country and firm level (that have already been associated with tax avoidance in prior research) are controlled. Using samples that range from 9,389 to 15,423 publicly-traded companies from 35 countries, covering 1999 to 2014, it is found that IFRS adoption is associated with higher levels of corporate tax avoidance, even when the level of book-tax conformity required in the countries and the volume of accruals are controlled, both of which are considered potential determinants of this relationship. Furthermore, the results suggest that after IFRS adoption, firms in higher book-tax conformity environments engage more in tax avoidance than firms in lower book-tax conformity environments. It is also identified that engagement in tax avoidance after IFRS adoption derives not only from accruals management, but also from practices that do not involve accruals. The main conclusion is that companies engage more in tax avoidance after mandatory IFRS adoption.

scholarly journals Political connections, state owned enterprises and tax avoidance: An evidence from Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudha Aryo Sudibyo ◽  
Sun Jianfu
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the relationship between political connections and tax avoidance behaviour in Indonesian listed-firms in 2007-2013 year period. Some firms created links to government for obtaining benefits in various variables such import licensing, taxes, and supply-funds. We have manually managed to identify politically connected-firms from the annual reports and measure tax avoidance by using Cash Effective Tax Rate (CETR) as the proxy. Our observation indicated that politically connected-firms paid lower corporate income tax than non-politically connected-firms. Our study also examined how the status of State Owned Enterprise (SOE) correlates to tax avoidance. Firms hiring politically connected independent commissioners (INDCOM) in this study were more likely to show tax avoidance behavior. However, we have no strong evidence to prove our proposition regarding the type of political connections

scholarly journals Factors affecting the corporate income tax compliance in private enterprises in Ba Ria – Vung Tau province

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Lê Thị Bảo Như ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Thu Hảo ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Hồng Hạnh
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Private Enterprises ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Factors Affecting

The corporate income tax management in Vietnam in general and Ba Ria - Vung Tau province, in particular, are facing a big challenge, which is finding the means of tax sufficient collection and avoidance of tax evasion. However, tax fraud or tax avoidance has been complicated and the number of these illegal activities tends to increase. From practical requirements, this paper contributes to the gap of previous studies by identifying factors affecting the corporate income tax compliance in private enterprises in Ba Ria - Vung Tau province. By survey method and linear regression analysis, the results show that there are seven factors that affect corporate income tax compliance, including the simplicity in tax declaration, tax inspection, the fairness of tax system, tax rate, financial status, the taxpayer's knowledge, and tax administration performance. Of all factors, the tax rate factor has a negative effect and the remaining factors have a positive effect on corporate income tax compliance. Based on these results, the authors propose some solutions to encourage private enterprises to comply with the corporate income tax regulations in Ba Ria - Vung Tau province.

Taxation in a mixed economy: the case of China

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davidson Sinclair ◽  
Larry Li
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Government Ownership ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Effective Tax Rates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
For Profit

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how Chinese firms’ ownership structure is related to their effective tax rate. The People’s Republic of China provides an interesting environment to examine the corporate income tax. Government has significant ownership stakes in the for-profit economy and state-owned enterprises (SOEs) are liable to the corporate income tax. This is very different to most other economies where SOE tends to dominate the not-for-profit economy and pays no corporate income tax. Government ownership also varies between the central government and local government in addition to state asset management bureaus. This provides a rich institutional background to examining the corporate income tax. Design/methodology/approach A panel data analysis approach is used to examine relationship between ownership structure and effective tax rates of all public firms in China from 1999 to 2009. Findings The authors report that effective tax rates do appear to vary across the ownership types, but that SOEs pay a statistically higher effective tax rate than to non-state-owned. In addition, local government owned SOE pay higher effective tax rates than central government and SAMB owned SOE. The authors also investigate Zimmerman’s (1983) political cost hypothesis. Unfortunately, these results are econometrically fragile with the statistical significance of those results varying by empirical technique. Originality/value This paper provides insight into government ownership and taxation in China.

Relationship between corporate social responsibility and tax avoidance: international evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Country Level ◽  
International Setting ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Statutory Tax Rate ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and tax avoidance as well as how CSR and country-level governance interplay in affecting tax avoidance in an international setting. Design/methodology/approach This paper is an empirical work using listed companies from 35 countries and relying on several proxies for corporate tax avoidance activities including the difference between the statutory tax rate and the annual effective tax rate, the book-tax difference and the residual book-tax difference. Findings This study finds strong evidence that CSR is positively related to tax avoidance. It also finds that in countries with weak country-level governance, firms with higher CSR scores engage in less tax avoidance, implying that CSR and country-level governance are substitutes. Originality/value This paper is the first study that examines the relationship between CSR and tax avoidance in an international setting with different legal and institutional environment.

scholarly journals Beneficial ownership of income as an antiabusive measure in Serbian Tax Law

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (88) ◽  
pp. 217-232
Author(s):  
Miloš Vasović
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Double Taxation ◽  
Current Function ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Treaty Shopping ◽  
Beneficial Ownership ◽  
The One

The Serbian Corporate Income Tax Act contains a provision on the beneficial ownership of income (hereinafter: the BO provision), which is one of the conditions for the application of the preferential tax rate on income tax after tax deduction, which is envisaged in Treaties for the avoidance of Double Taxation on income and capital (hereinafter: Double Taxation Treaties/ DTTs). The subject matter of research in this paper is the term "beneficial ownership", which is not defined in the Corportate Income Tax Act. It may ultimately lead to abusing the preferential tax rates from the DTTs in tax planning and "treaty shopping" through the use of conduit companies. Tax experts have different opinions on the legal nature of the BO provision, which is given the function of an anti-abusive measure (on the one hand) and a rule for the attribution of income (on the other hand). The author analyzes the current function of the BO provision envisaged in the Serbian Serbian Corporate Income Tax Act (CITA), and its inadequate application. The author advocates for enacting the BO provision as an anti-abusive measure, and examines the possible application of the BO provision in domestic tax law, with reference to Articles 10, 11, and 12 of the DTTs that Serbia contracted with other states, as well as Articles 10-12 of the OECD Model-Convention on Income and Capital (2017) and Commentaries on these articles. Such an application of the BO provision may preclude "treaty shopping". In final remarks, the author points out why the BO provision should be envisaged as an anti-abusive measure in Serbian tax law.

scholarly journals Analisis Perhitungan Pajak Penghasilan Badan Pada Perusahaan Jasa Konstruksi

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-216
Author(s):  
Jeanne Laura Elizabeth Manuputty ◽  
Sudradjat Sudradjat
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Reporting Mechanism ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Descriptive Writing ◽  
Construction Services

This research was conducted at PT. Anugerah Abba Prakarsa at Jalan Pangeran Jayakarta 45 No. A5 Jakarta Barat DKI Jakarta. The purpose of this study is to know compliance calculation of corporate income tax on construction services at PT. Anugerah Abba Prakarsa with Peratura Pemerintah no. 51 year 2008 Jo Peraturan Pemerintah no. 40 year 2009 and know how reporting mechanism of annual income tax return of construction service company at PT. Anugerah Abba Prakarsa. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive approach. Research that produces descriptive data in the form of written or oral words of people and behavior that can be observed. In other words, this research is called qualitative research because it is a study that does not hold calculations. The analytical method used is comparative descriptive writing that compares the similarities and differences between two or more facts and properties of the object under study based on a particular frame of mind. The results showed that the analysis and calculation of income tax of PT. Anugerah Abba Prakarsa has been in accordance with Peraturan Pemerintah no. 51 year 2008 JO Peraturan Pemerintah no. 40 years 2009. However, there are some time PT. Abba Prakrsa's prize suffered a constraint which resulted in the increase of the Corporate Income Tax rate to 4% from the Tax Basis.   Keywords : PSAK 16, fixed assets, financial statement

scholarly journals Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Tax Avoidance in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
Tong Chen ◽  
◽  
Maisarah Mohamed Saat ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
The Public ◽  
Chinese Listed Companies ◽  
Aggressive Tax Avoidance ◽  
Corporate Social

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has aroused heated discussion in recent years. The public generally believe that the enterprises with good CSR performance will not be involved in aggressive tax avoidance issues. However, as several famous socially responsible technology companies were found to be involved in aggressive tax avoidance, the association between those two variables has been doubted. This paper analyzes the effect of CSR on tax avoidance with the evidence of Chinese listed companies from 2016 to 2020. The finding is that good CSR performance leads to an increase in effective tax rate. In other words, the higher the CSR report score, the higher tax payment and the lower tendency in tax avoidance.

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