scholarly journals Hypouricemic Activity of Pentopetia Androsaemifolia Decne. (Apocynaceae) Hydro Alcoholic Extract in Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (36) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Randrianavony P. ◽  
Reboza A.M. ◽  
Quansah N. ◽  
Randimbivololona F.
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Potassium Oxonate

The aim of this work was to investigate the uricemic and uricosuric activity of the hydro alcoholic extract of Pentopetia androsaemifolia in experimentally induced hyperuricemic mice. Hyperuricemia was induced in the mice by intraperitoneal injection of potassium oxonate. Oral administration of the extract at doses 50 to 200 mg/kg reduce hyperuricemia from 218.78 ± 7.50 to 72.29 ± 16.88 mg/l (P< 0. 05). The same doses of 50 to 200 mg/kg of the extract also reduce uricosuria from 125.4 ± 4.4 to 70 ± 12.6 mg/l (p< 0.05). A direct correlation exists between plasma uric acid concentration and urine uric acid concentration (r = 0.99). The hypouricemic activity of the extract could be due to xanthine oxidase inhibition by the flavonoids present in the extract.

Effect and Mechanism of Total Saponin of Dioscorea on Animal Experimental Hyperuricemia

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Liang Chen ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Shu-Yun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Serum Uric Acid Level ◽  
Urate Oxidase ◽  
Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Total Saponin ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Serum Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Potassium Oxonate

In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of Total Saponin of Dioscorea (TSD) on animal experimental hyperuricemia. Mouse and rat hyperuricemic models were made by orally administering yeast extract paste once a day (30 and 20 g/kg, respectively), for 7 days. Yeast would disturb normal purine metabolism by increasing xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity and generating large quantities of uric acid. This model is similar to human hyperuricemia, which is induced by high-protein diets, due to a purine and nucleic acid metabolic disturbance. Another mouse hyperuricemia model was generated by intraperitoneal injection once with uric acid 250 mg/kg or potassium oxonate 300 mg/kg. Potassium oxonate, a urate oxidase inhibitor, can raise the serum uric acid level by inhibiting the decomposition of uric acid. Likewise, injecting uric acid can also increase serum uric acid concentration. The concentration of uric acid in serum or urine was detected by the phosphotungstic acid method, and the activity of XOD was assayed by a test kit. The results showed that TSD (240, 120 and 60 mg/kg, ig) could significantly lower the level of serum uric acid in hyperuricemic mice. TSD (120 and 60 mg/kg, ig) could also lower the level of serum uric acid in hyperuricemic rats, reduce the activity of XOD in the serum and liver of hyperuricemic rats, and increase the level of urine uric acid concentration as well as 24-hour total uric acid excretion. In conclusion, TSD possesses a potent anti-hyperuricemic effect on hyperuricemic animals, and the mechanism may be relevant in accelerating the excretion and decreasing the production of uric acid.

scholarly journals Xanthine oxidase inhibition in SARS-CoV-2 infection: the mechanism and potency of allopurinol and febuxostat in COVID-19 management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irandi Putra Pratomo ◽  
Anna Ariane ◽  
Aryo Tedjo ◽  
Rudi Heryanto ◽  
Rafika Indah Paramita
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Curative Therapy ◽  
Definitive Therapy ◽  
The World ◽  
Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Repurposed Drugs ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition

The number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection cases has been increasing globally, including in Indonesia. Definitive therapy for COVID-19 has not yet been found; hence, repurposed drugs for COVID-19 have been considered and have been practiced by several researchers in the world. This literature review investigates the action of xanthine oxidase as a component of the biomolecular pathway against severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2, the cause of COVID-19, and describes the mechanism and potential of uric acid drugs (allopurinol and febuxostat) as prophylaxis and curative therapy for COVID-19. 

scholarly journals The Potential for Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Higgins ◽  
Jesse Dawson ◽  
Matthew Walters
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cardiovascular Disorders ◽  
Clinical Endpoints ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Acid Reduction

There is a now a wealth of epidemiological, animal, and clinical data to suggest the benefits of uric acid reduction and xanthine oxidase inhibition in prevention of vascular disease. This review discusses the available epidemiological, preclinical, and clinical data and considers arguments for and against a role for serum uric acid in common cardiovascular disorders. It concludes that large scale trials with clinical endpoints are justified to address this important question and to define whether use of drugs such as allopurinol should be a routine part of preventative strategies.

scholarly journals Effect of Human Placenta Extract on Potassium Oxonate-Induced Elevation of Blood Uric Acid Concentration

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 738-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Watanabe ◽  
Yumi Kimura ◽  
Kaoru Shindo ◽  
Tetsuya Fukui
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Human Placenta ◽  
Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Blood Uric Acid ◽  
Potassium Oxonate

Xanthine oxidoreductase inhibition – A review of computational aspect

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 2040008
Author(s):  
Chao Dong ◽  
Milka Montes ◽  
Wael M. Al-Sawai
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Molecular Mechanics ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
Computational Aspect ◽  
Xanthine Oxidoreductase ◽  
Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Studies

Xanthine Oxidoreductase (XOR) exists in a variety of organisms from bacteria to humans and catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and from xanthine to uric acid. Excessive uric acid could lead to gout and hyperuricemia. In this paper, we have reviewed the recent computational studies on xanthine oxidase inhibition. Computational methods, such as molecular dynamics (molecular mechanics), quantum mechanics, and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM), have been employed to investigate the binding affinity of xanthine oxidase with synthesized and isolated nature inhibitors. The limitations of different computational methods for xanthine oxidase inhibition studies were also discussed. Implications of the computational approach could be used to help to understand the existing arguments on substrate/product orientation in xanthine oxidase inhibition, which allows designing new inhibitors with higher efficacy.

scholarly journals Anti-Hyperuricemic and Uricosuric Potential of Berberis vulgaris in Oxonate-Induced Hyperuricemic Rats

Dose-Response ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 155932582110403
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Saeed Ahmad ◽  
Tayyeba Rehman ◽  
Aymen Owais Ghauri ◽  
Sana Khalid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Berberis Vulgaris ◽  
Oxidase Inhibition ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition

Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disorder with characteristic elevated serum uric acid. Recently, several plant-based medicines are being used for the treatment of hyperuricemia. The study aimed to find the hypouricemic potential of Berberis vulgaris in in-vitro and in-vivo study models. In i n-vitro studies, xanthine oxidase inhibition assay was performed to evaluate IC50 value and capsule absorbance of the drug, respectively. For in-vivo experiment, the study comprised 15 groups of rats. In-vitro results revealed that significant xanthine oxidase inhibition was shown by Berberis vulgaris with an IC50 value of 272.73±.3 μg/mL. Similarly, oral administration of Berberis vulgaris with dosages of 250 and 500 mg/kg decreased serum and liver uric acid levels significantly in a dose- and time-dependent manner in oxonate-induced hyperuricemic rats. Furthermore, 3-day and 7-day administration of Berberis vulgaris showed more potential compared to 1-day administrations. The present study indicated marked hypouricemic effects of Berberis vulgaris in rats. Due to caveat of the small sample size, a firm assumption of the hypouricemic effect of Berberis vulgaris cannot be made. However, extensive study is needed to find out the exact molecular mechanism involved and to translate its effects into clinical trials for the further validation of the results.

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