Desain Alat Ukur Kadar Asam Urat Non-Invasive Dengan Sensor Near Infrared

Gout disease or commonly known as gout arthritis is a disease caused by the accumulation of monosodium urate crystals in the body. Monitoring blood uric acid levels is currently still using invasive techniques by taking blood samples to be included in the test strip, this invasive technique measurement requires money and time to come to health clinics so that many people cannot monitor blood uric acid levels on a regular basis. This study aims to develop a measuring instrument for monitoring blood uric acid levels using sensors by utilizing the absorption and reflectance of infrared rays so that gout sufferers and other individuals can monitor blood uric acid levels regularly and are easy to use. The method of developing non-invasive techniques focuses on monitoring blood uric acid levels using a NIR sensor with an IR LED with a wavelength of 940 nm as a transmitter and a photodiode as a detector at a wavelength of 700-1300 nm and a microcontroller as a minimum system for control. The first stage is measuring uric acid levels with invasive techniques on participants and at the same time measuring voltages with sensors, the results with invasive techniques are correlated with sensor output voltages to obtain non-linear equations in polynomial form, for conversion programs on the microcontroller. The second stage is measuring uric acid levels with invasive techniques and invasive measurements on participants at the same time. Both monitoring results were analyzed by simple ANOVA statistics and calculated SEP and RMSE to determine the accuracy of the prediction equation and its accuracy value.

Pemeriksaan Kadar Asam Urat Dan Konseling Di Kelurahan Bercak Wonosamudro Boyolali Jawa Tengah

Background: Uric acid is a disease that arises from excessive blood uric acid levels, which causes excessive blood uric acid levels, which is the production of more uric acid in the body from its disposal. There are several causes of gout, including changes in diet, consumption of drugs, and alcohol consumption. The purpose of implementing this community service activity is to provide education to the community in Bercak Village and to check uric acid levels. Methods: Based on the team's observations on several residents in Bercak Village, it was found that most residents did not have sufficient knowledge about gout and did not carry out routine health checks. In order to increase awareness and understanding of residents about health care efforts, especially preventing gout, the team coordinated with the urban village to carry out community service activities in Bercak Village, Wonosamudro, Boyolali. Results: The target in implementing this program is all residents in the Bercak Village, Wonosamudro, Boyolali. Community service activities were carried out on March 13, 2021, attended by the village head and also village officials and babinsa. Conclusion: After carrying out the activity, it is hoped that the community can follow up on the results of the examination and improve the behavior of efforts to prevent gout.

Cord blood levels of uric acid, lipid profile and HOMA-IR in pregnancy induced hypertension

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is a major global health burden that results in the greatest number of deaths worldwide. Epigenetic changes induced by pregnancy related complication in umbilical cord blood may appear as a result of dysfunctional placenta and impaired maternal cardiovascular function and may cause later onset of cardiovascular diseases in offspring.Methods: A prospective case control study was conducted at ESIC medical college, Bangalore in 100 PIH women with gestational age 37 to 40 weeks. The study aimed to find the correlation of cord blood uric acid, lipid profile and HOMA -IR in gestational hypertension mothers.Results: We found a strong positive correlation between uric acid and total cholesterol in cases and a moderate positive correlation among uric acid and LDL in cases whereas a strong negative correlation among uric acid and HDL. In addition, mean HOMA-IR value was statistically significant in cases.Conclusions: HOMA -IR values are found to be more in newborns of PIH mothers and cord blood uric acid is a good predictor of lipid metabolism and the glucose homeostasis in neonates.

High Blood Uric Acid Is Associated With Reduced Risks of Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Older Adults in China: A 9-Year Prospective Cohort Study

Background: It remains unsolved that whether blood uric acid (UA) is a neuroprotective or neurotoxic agent. This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal association of blood UA with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among older adults in China.Methods: A total of 3,103 older adults (aged 65+ years) free of MCI at baseline were included from the Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study (HABCS). Blood UA level was determined by the uricase colorimetry assay and analyzed as both continuous and categorical (by quartile) variables. Global cognition was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination four times between 2008 and 2017, with a score below 24 being considered as MCI. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the associations.Results: During a 9-year follow-up, 486 (15.7%) participants developed MCI. After adjustment for all covariates, higher UA had a dose-response association with a lower risk of MCI (all Pfor trend < 0.05). Participants in the highest UA quartile group had a reduced risk [hazard ratio (HR), 0.73; 95% (CI): 0.55–0.96] of MCI, compared with those in the lowest quartile group. The associations were still robust even when considering death as a competing risk. Subgroup analyses revealed that these associations were statistically significant in younger older adults (65–79 years) and those without hyperuricemia. Similar significant associations were observed when treating UA as a continuous variable.Conclusions: High blood UA level is associated with reduced risks of MCI among Chinese older adults, highlighting the potential of managing UA in daily life for maintaining late-life cognition.

The protective effect of Zingiber officinale L. extract on kidney tissues and blood factors of kidney functions after the damage caused by Azathioprine

The most commonly prescribed medication for autoimmune disorders is Azathioprine (AZA), which negatively affects renal function and tissue structure. The aim of this work was to measure the therapeutic impact of Zingiber officinale L. extract (ZOE) on improving the function and structure of AZA-induced renal damaged tissue. Methods: 70 rats with a weight range of 200±10 g and an age of 95±5 days were chosen for this experimental study. The animals were grouped into seven groups of ten, with two groups receiving no treatment (control groups) and five groups receiving ZOE, AZA, “AZA + ZOE”, and normal saline. AZA was given intraperitoneally, and ZOE was given by gavage (i.e., nasogastric tube) for 21 days. Finally, urea, uric acid, creatinine parameters, and the diameter of some key or important parts of the kidney were measured in different animal groups. Results: it was found that the use of AZA (50 mg/kg) increased serum urea and creatinine concentrations, blood uric acid in comparison to the group of control (P<0.05). Whereas injecting ZOE (200 mg/kg) induces a considerable decrease in the concentration of the compounds mentioned above as compared to control animals and animals given AZA (P<0.05). Furthermore, the findings revealed that AZA caused inflammation and kidney tissue destruction, while ZOE improved, restored, and recovered the affected kidney tissue. Conclusion: according to the research findings, it can be decided that ZOE has a protective and therapeutic impact on kidney tissue owing to its strong antioxidant attributes and its ability to inhibit free radicals produced by azathioprine

Predicting the risk of postoperative acute kidney injury: development and assessment of a novel predictive nomogram

Objective This study aimed to establish and internally verify the risk nomogram of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with renal cell carcinoma. Methods We retrospectively collected data from 559 patients with renal cell carcinoma from June 2016 to May 2019 and established a prediction model. Twenty-six clinical variables were examined by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis, and variables related to postoperative AKI were determined. The prediction model was established by multiple logistic regression analysis. Decision curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the nomogram. Results Independent predictors of postoperative AKI were smoking, hypertension, surgical time, blood glucose, blood uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and radical nephrectomy. The C index of the nomogram was 0.825 (0.790–0.860) and 0.814 was still obtained in the internal validation. The nomogram had better clinical benefit when the intervention was decided at the threshold probabilities of >4% and <79% for patients and doctors, respectively. Conclusions This novel postoperative AKI nomogram incorporating smoking, hypertension, the surgical time, blood glucose, blood uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, the estimated glomerular filtration rate, and radical nephrectomy is convenient for facilitating the individual postoperative risk prediction of AKI in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

High blood uric acid is associated with reduced risks of mild cognitive impairment among older adults in China: a 9-year prospective cohort study

Background: It remains unsolved that whether blood uric acid (UA) is a neuroprotective or neurotoxic agent. This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal association of blood UA with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among older adults in China. Methods: A total of 3103 older adults (aged 65+ years) free of MCI at baseline were included from the Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study (HABCS). Blood UA level was determined by the uricase colorimetry assay and analyzed as categorical (by quartile) variables. Global cognition was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination four times between 2008 and 2017, with a score below 24 being considered as MCI. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the associations. Results: During a 9-year follow-up, 486 (15.7%) participants developed MCI. After adjustment for all covariates, higher UA had a dose-response association with a lower risk of MCI (all P for trend< 0.05). Participants in the highest UA quartile group had a reduced risk (hazard ratio [HR], 0.73; 95% [CI]: 0.55-0.96) of MCI, compared with those in the lowest quartile group. The associations were still robust even when considering death as a competing risk. Subgroup analyses revealed that these associations were statistically significant in younger older adults (65-79 years) and those without hyperuricemia. Conclusions: High blood UA level is associated with reduced risks of MCI among Chinese older adults, highlighting the potential of managing UA in daily life for maintaining late-life cognition.

Correlation Between Carotid Intima Media Thickness and Serum Uric Acid, Results From 15843 Subjects in 2016-2020

Objective: Uric acid is thought to be associated with the occurrence of atherosclerosis, which is closely related to cardio-cerebrovascular disease. However, the present study examined serum uric acid (SUA) and its correlation with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), which is a major issue. The purpose of this paper is to examine serum uric acid concentration and its correlation with carotid artery atherosclerosis according to age and sex groups.Methods: Individuals who underwent physical examinations at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 2016 to 2020 were selected. The physical examination information of the subjects was recorded, and biochemical indexes such as blood uric acid levels were collected. The intima media thickness of the carotid artery was measured by ultrasound. Using traditional atherosclerosis risk factors as adjustment variables, the association between blood uric acid levels and atherosclerosis was assessed by logistic regression analysis.Results: A total of 15,843 subjects (73.90% male) were included, with an average age of 52±12 (20-92) years. The prevalence of CIMT thickened was 9.51%, and the plaque prevalence was 28.59%. Univariate analysis results showed that there were significant differences in CIMT thickening and plaque occurrence among different SUA level groups in both men and women (P<0.0001). After adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, increased SUA levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of CIMT thickening (male: ≤220 μmol/L as the reference group, 220-290 μmol/L: OR=1.591, 95% CI: 1.069-2.367; 290-360 μmol/L: OR=1.65, 95% CI: 1.127-2.415;360-430 μmol/L: OR=1.634, 95% CI: 1.116-2.393; >430 μmol/L: OR=1.857, 95% CI: 1.264-2.73;P < 0.05. female: ≤210 μmol/L as the reference group, 260-310 μmol/L: OR=1.419, 95% CI: 1.059-1.901; 310-360 μmol/L: OR=1.432, 95% CI: 1.048-1.957; >360 μmol/L: OR=1.557, 95% CI: 1.113-2.177; P < 0.05). Correlation analysis in each age subgroup showed that CIMT was significantly associated with SUA in men ≥60 years old and women 45-60 years old and ≥60 years old (male: ≤220 μmol/L as the reference group, >430 μmol/L: OR=1.972, 95% CI: [1.2,3.238]. female: ≤210 μmol/L as the reference group, >360 μmol/L (45-60 years old): OR=1.77, 95% CI:[1.107,2.832]; > 360 μmol/L (≥60 years old), OR = 1.65, 95% CI: [1.067, 2.551]. P < 0.05).Conclusions: In both men and women, increased SUA levels are closely associated with thickened CIMT, which is associated with a higher risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease. The age at which this association was observed in women was lower than in men, and whether this result is due to changes in hormone levels before and after menopause remains to be prospectively studied.