scholarly journals Comparison Between Antegonial Notch Depth, Symphysis Morphology and Ramus Morphology Among Different Growth Patterns In Skeletal Class I And Class II Subjects

2021 ◽  
pp. 1510-1517
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Class I ◽  
Notch Depth ◽  
Skeletal Class

scholarly journals Comparison between antegonial notch depth, symphysis morphology and ramus morphology among different growth patterns in skeletal class I and class II subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 1975-1983
Author(s):  
Abirami S ◽  
Navaneethan R ◽  
Remmiya Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Class I ◽  
Notch Depth ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Vertical Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ramus Height

In orthodontics and dentofacial orthopaedics, a thorough knowledge of growth and development is essential in order to understand various factors that contribute as to how a particular type of growth takes place. When planning of orthodontic treatment for a malocclusion, one has to take into account the growth pattern, because it would considerably affect the success of the treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare antegonial notch depth, symphysis morphology, and ramus morphology in different growth patterns in skeletal class I and class II subjects. In this study, a total of 60 cephalograms were taken which comprised 30 cephalograms in skeletal class I and 30 cephalograms of skeletal class II patients. The groups were further divided into three groups, namely average, horizontal, and vertical growth patterns based on Jarabak’s ratio. Antegonial notch depth, symphysis width and symphysis angle, and ramus height were measured and compared between the growth patterns and between class I and class II skeletal patterns. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was performed to determine the comparison between groups for all these variables in both skeletal class I and class II. Independent 't' test was done to determine the comparison between skeletal class I and class II subjects for all variables. Mean and SD values for all variables were determined for all the groups. Depth of antegonial notch was found to be greater in vertical growth patterns compared to horizontal and average growth patterns. Large symphysis angle and symphysis width were noted in a horizontal growth pattern. Increased ramus height was noted in horizontal and average growth patterns. There was no significant difference between skeletal class I and class II malocclusion for all parameters.

scholarly journals Comparison of Cervical Vertebral Body Volume in Class II Vertical and Class II Horizontal Cases With Class I Cases Using 3D-DVT

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-337
Author(s):  
Hamza Saifuddin Dargahwala ◽  
Pallavi Daigavane ◽  
Vausdevan SD ◽  
Ranjit Kamble ◽  
Sunita Shrivastav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Class I ◽  
Body Volume ◽  
Reference Structure ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cervical Vertebral Body

The branch of orthodontics has had an interest in the cervical vertebrae wherein cervical spine is used as a reference structure for natural head position, so skeletal age was evaluated by studying variations in the cervical vertebral morphologies. Among all evaluations, very limited data is available wherein comparison between cervical vertebral body volumes between the different malocclusions has been done. This study aimed to compare the differences in the volumes of cervical vertebral bodies of C2, C3, and C4 between skeletal class I and class II malocclusions of both horizontal and vertical growth patterns. In class I the volume was significantly lesser as compared to class II. It was seen that there was statistically no significant difference in the volume between the horizontal and vertical growers. It can be concluded from this study that cervical vertebral body volume has no effect on growth pattern. However, variations in cervical vertebral body volume are seen with different malocclusions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the position and morphology of tongue and hyoid bone in skeletal Class II malocclusion based on cone beam computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wener Chen ◽  
HungEn Mou ◽  
Yufen Qian ◽  
Liwen Qian
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Hyoid Bone ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Class I ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Average Angle

Abstract Background The aim of the study was to analyze the morphology and position of the tongue and hyoid bone in skeletal Class II patients with different vertical growth patterns by cone beam computed tomography in comparison to skeletal Class I patients. Methods Ninety subjects with malocclusion were divided into skeletal Class II and Class I groups by ANB angles. Based on different vertical growth patterns, subjects in each group were divided into 3 subgroups: high-angle group (MP-FH ≥ 32.0°), average-angle group (22.0° ≤ MP-FH < 32°) and low-angle group (MP-FH < 22°). The position and morphology of the tongue and hyoid bone were evaluated in the cone beam computed tomography images. The independent Student’s t‐test was used to compare the position and morphology of the tongue and hyoid bone between skeletal Class I and Class II groups. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the measurement indexes of different vertical facial patterns in each group. Results Patients in skeletal Class II group had lower tongue posture, and the tongue body was smaller than that of those in the Class I group (P < 0.05). The position of the hyoid bone was lower in the skeletal Class II group than in Class I group (P < 0.05). The tongue length and H-Me in the skeletal Class I group with a low angle were significantly larger than those with an average angle and high angle (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the position or morphology of the tongue and hyoid bone in the skeletal Class II group with different vertical facial patterns (P > 0.05). Conclusion Patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion have lower tongue posture, a smaller tongue body, and greater occurrence of posterior inferior hyoid bone position than skeletal Class I patients. The length of the mandibular body in skeletal Class I patients with a horizontal growth type is longer. The position and morphology of the tongue and hyoid bone were not greatly affected by vertical facial development in skeletal Class II patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in Skeletal Malocclusions with Different Growth Patterns in North Indian Population- A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floret Jose ◽  
Maninder S Sidhu ◽  
Ashish Dabas ◽  
Seema Grover ◽  
Namrata Dogra
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
North Indian Population ◽  
Dental Anomalies ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii

Introduction: Anomalies of the developing dentition occur due to absence or interruption of normal tooth development along with genetic and/or environment influences. Craniofacial development and dental malocclusion is an interplay between a number of factors such as tooth size, arch size and shape, the number and arrangement of teeth, size and relationship of the jaws and related soft tissues including lips, cheeks, and tongue. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies among different skeletal malocclusions and growth patterns in North Indian population. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on pretreatment diagnostic records of 260 patients belonging to the age group of 15-25 years, who had reported to the Out Patient Department (OPD) of Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India, during the period of April 2012 to December 2020. The analysis was carried out between November 2020 and January 2021. The study sample was grouped into different growth patterns and skeletal malocclusions based on Sella-Nasion-Gonion- Gnathion (SN Go-Gn) and ANB (A point, nasion, B point), Sagittal intermaxillary angle values respectively, which were obtained from the pretreatment lateral cephalometric tracings. The prevalence of dental anomalies was evaluated in each group by examining the pretreatment diagnostic records. Chi-Square/Fisher-Freeman- Halton test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of dental anomalies in the study sample was 65 (25%). The most common anomaly found was over retained deciduous teeth, followed by ectopic eruption with prevalence rate of 30 (11.5%) and 24 (9.2%), respectively. A total of 142 (54.6%) patients had hypodivergent growth pattern, 23 (8.8%) had normodivergent growth pattern and 95 (36.5%) had hyperdivergent growth pattern. 36 (13.8%) patients had skeletal class I malocclusion, 205 (78.8%) had skeletal class II malocclusion and 19 (7.3%) patients had skeletal class III malocclusion. Hypodivergent group showed the highest prevalence of dental anomalies with 38 (26.8%), followed by hyperdivergent group with 23 (24.2%) and normodivergent group were 4 (17.4%). Skeletal class I malocclusion group had the highest number of dental anomalies as 13 (36.1%), followed by skeletal class II malocclusion with 50 (24.4%) and skeletal class III malocclusion group with 2 (10.5%). Conclusion: Hypodivergent growth pattern and skeletal class II malocclusion were the most prevalent growth pattern and skeletal malocclusion in North Indian population. Dental anomalies were most prevalent in patients with hypodivergent growth pattern and skeletal class I malocclusion. The results of the present study indicate that dental anomalies are associated with certain malocclusions and growth patterns which may contribute to more accurate treatment predictions.

scholarly journals Airway analysis in skeletal Class I and Class II subjects with different growth patterns: A 2D cephalometric study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
SwaroopaR Ponnada ◽  
VivekR Ganugapanta ◽  
KiranK Perumalla ◽  
MohammedA Naqeed ◽  
T Harini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Class I ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Cephalometric Study ◽  
Airway Analysis

scholarly journals Anatomical characteristics of mandibular bone in skeletal Class I, II and III patients by using cone beam computed tomography images in an iranian population

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zandi ◽  
Abbas Shokri ◽  
Vahid Mollabashi ◽  
Zahed Eghdami ◽  
Payam Amini
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Ramus Height

Objetive: This study aimed to compare the anatomical characteristics of the mandible in patients with skeletal class I, II and class III disorders using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and Methods: CBCT scans of patients between 17 to 40 years taken with NewTom 3G CBCT system with 12-inch field of view (FOV) were selected from the archive. Lateral cephalograms were obtained from CBCT scans of patients, and type of skeletal malocclusion was determined (Class I, II or III). All CBCT scans were evaluated in the sagittal, coronal and axial planes using the N.N.T viewer software. Results: The ramus height and distance from the mandibular foramen to the sigmoid notch in class II patients were significantly different from those in skeletal class I (P < 0.005). Distance from the mandibular canal to the anterior border of ramus in class III individuals was significantly different from that in skeletal class I individuals (P < .005). Conclusion: Length of the body of mandible in skeletal class I was significantly different from that in skeletal class II and III patients. Also, ramus height in skeletal class I was significantly different from that in skeletal class II patients. CBCT had high efficacy for accurate identification of anatomical landmarks.   Keywords Prognathism; Retrognathism; Mandible; Anatomy; Cone beam computed tomography.

scholarly journals Evaluation of tongue posture & dimensions in relation to skeletal Class I and Class II patterns- A cephalometric study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-281
Author(s):  
Puja Khanna ◽  
Sumit Chhabra ◽  
Preeti Munjal ◽  
Sunny Mittal ◽  
Nishtha Arora
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Skeletal Pattern ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

Association of tongue posture with dental and facial skeletal pattern have been suggested in past. This study was undertaken to assess tongue posture and dimensions in Class I and Class II Dentoskeletal patterns to determine whether any correlation exists between tongue posture and skeletal pattern of an individual. Cephalograms of 150 individuals (aged 18-23 years), taken in Natural Head Position (NHP) and tongue at rest were divided into three groups i.e. Group 1 – Class I Normal occlusion, Group 2 – Class II Division 1 Normodivergent and Group 3 – Class II Division 1 Hypodivergent, consisting of 50 samples each. To ensure the rest position of tongue, patient was asked to relax for 30 seconds after coating the tongue with barium sulphate in midline and then to swallow, and the X-ray was taken at the end of swallowing. Each group was divided into two subgroups according to sex. Groups were constituted according to the Frankfort mandibular plane angle (FMA) angle. The subjects who had skeletal Class II pattern due to mandibular retrusion and not due to maxillary prognathism were only included in the study group. Statistical analysis was done using the software SPSS version 21.0. The statistical tests used were unpaired t-test and One-way ANOVA test with post-hoc bonferroni test. The p-value was considered significant if less than 0.05.The dorsum of the tongue was higher at back and lower in front in Class II Division 1 Hypodivergent group as compared to Class I Normal occlusion group (P&#60;.05). Tongue height and tongue length were significantly reduced in Class II Division 1 Normodivergent and Class II Division 1 Hypodivergent malocclusion groups when compared to Class I control group (P&#60;.05).The study supports the existence of a relationship between posture & dimensions of the tongue with Class I and Class II skeletal patterns.

scholarly journals Alveolar and symphysis regions of patients with skeletal class II division 1 anomalies with different vertical growth patterns

2012 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elcin Esenlik ◽  
Fidan Alakus Sabuncuoglu
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Main Factor ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the alveolar and symphysis region properties in hyper-, hypo-, and normodivergent Class II division 1 anomaliesMethods: Pretreatment lateral cephalograms of 111 young adult female patients with skeletal Class II division 1 anomalies were compared to those of 54 Class I normal subjects (control group). Class II cases were divided into hyperdivergent (n = 58), hypodivergent (n = 19), and normodivergent groups (n = 34). The heights and widths of the symphysis and alveolus and the depth of maxillary palate were measured on the lateral cephalogramsResults: Mean symphysis width was wider in the hypodivergent Class II group than in the other groups, while mean symphysis height was similar among all groups. Maxillary palatal depth, upper incisor angle, upper and lower molar alveolar heights, and Id–Id′ width were also similar among groupsConclusion: Symphysis width is the main factor in the differential diagnosis of Class II division 1 anomaly rather than symphysis height and hypodivergent Class II Division 1 anomaly is more suitable for mandibular incisors movements. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:123-132)

scholarly journals Relationship between skeletal malocclusion and dental anomalies in Nepalese population

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Bashu Dev Pant ◽  
Anjana Rajbhandari ◽  
Resina Pradhan ◽  
Manju Bajracharya
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Dental Anomalies ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Third Molar Agenesis

Introduction: Teeth eruption is important for the development of alveolar process which increases vertical height of the face and third molar is the last tooth to erupt in the oral cavity after birth. The aim of this study was to determine relationship between skeletal malocclusion and dental anomalies in Nepalese population. Materials & Method: A sample of 170 patients with agenesis of at least one third molar was divided into four groups according to the third-molar agenesis pattern. Panoramic radiographs, lateral cephalograph and cast models were used to determine the skeletal malocclusion and associated dental anomalies. The Pearson chi-square test was used for stastical analysis. Result: Among 170 patients more than half of the patients were female with the average age being 18.15 ± 3.64 years. Majority of the patients had Class I skeletal malocclusion followed by Class II and III but on group wise comparison of patients with different skeletal patterns Class I skeletal malocclusion had highest prevalence of dental anomalies followed by Class III and Class II malocclusion. Conclusion: Prevalence of third-molar agenesis was more in skeletal class I malocclusion followed by class II and III but skeletal Class I malocclusions had more dental anomalies followed by class III and class II malocclusion.

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