scholarly journals Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in Skeletal Malocclusions with Different Growth Patterns in North Indian Population- A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floret Jose ◽  
Maninder S Sidhu ◽  
Ashish Dabas ◽  
Seema Grover ◽  
Namrata Dogra
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
North Indian Population ◽  
Dental Anomalies ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii

Introduction: Anomalies of the developing dentition occur due to absence or interruption of normal tooth development along with genetic and/or environment influences. Craniofacial development and dental malocclusion is an interplay between a number of factors such as tooth size, arch size and shape, the number and arrangement of teeth, size and relationship of the jaws and related soft tissues including lips, cheeks, and tongue. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies among different skeletal malocclusions and growth patterns in North Indian population. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on pretreatment diagnostic records of 260 patients belonging to the age group of 15-25 years, who had reported to the Out Patient Department (OPD) of Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India, during the period of April 2012 to December 2020. The analysis was carried out between November 2020 and January 2021. The study sample was grouped into different growth patterns and skeletal malocclusions based on Sella-Nasion-Gonion- Gnathion (SN Go-Gn) and ANB (A point, nasion, B point), Sagittal intermaxillary angle values respectively, which were obtained from the pretreatment lateral cephalometric tracings. The prevalence of dental anomalies was evaluated in each group by examining the pretreatment diagnostic records. Chi-Square/Fisher-Freeman- Halton test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of dental anomalies in the study sample was 65 (25%). The most common anomaly found was over retained deciduous teeth, followed by ectopic eruption with prevalence rate of 30 (11.5%) and 24 (9.2%), respectively. A total of 142 (54.6%) patients had hypodivergent growth pattern, 23 (8.8%) had normodivergent growth pattern and 95 (36.5%) had hyperdivergent growth pattern. 36 (13.8%) patients had skeletal class I malocclusion, 205 (78.8%) had skeletal class II malocclusion and 19 (7.3%) patients had skeletal class III malocclusion. Hypodivergent group showed the highest prevalence of dental anomalies with 38 (26.8%), followed by hyperdivergent group with 23 (24.2%) and normodivergent group were 4 (17.4%). Skeletal class I malocclusion group had the highest number of dental anomalies as 13 (36.1%), followed by skeletal class II malocclusion with 50 (24.4%) and skeletal class III malocclusion group with 2 (10.5%). Conclusion: Hypodivergent growth pattern and skeletal class II malocclusion were the most prevalent growth pattern and skeletal malocclusion in North Indian population. Dental anomalies were most prevalent in patients with hypodivergent growth pattern and skeletal class I malocclusion. The results of the present study indicate that dental anomalies are associated with certain malocclusions and growth patterns which may contribute to more accurate treatment predictions.

scholarly journals Relationship between skeletal malocclusion and dental anomalies in Nepalese population

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Bashu Dev Pant ◽  
Anjana Rajbhandari ◽  
Resina Pradhan ◽  
Manju Bajracharya
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Dental Anomalies ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Third Molar Agenesis

Introduction: Teeth eruption is important for the development of alveolar process which increases vertical height of the face and third molar is the last tooth to erupt in the oral cavity after birth. The aim of this study was to determine relationship between skeletal malocclusion and dental anomalies in Nepalese population. Materials & Method: A sample of 170 patients with agenesis of at least one third molar was divided into four groups according to the third-molar agenesis pattern. Panoramic radiographs, lateral cephalograph and cast models were used to determine the skeletal malocclusion and associated dental anomalies. The Pearson chi-square test was used for stastical analysis. Result: Among 170 patients more than half of the patients were female with the average age being 18.15 ± 3.64 years. Majority of the patients had Class I skeletal malocclusion followed by Class II and III but on group wise comparison of patients with different skeletal patterns Class I skeletal malocclusion had highest prevalence of dental anomalies followed by Class III and Class II malocclusion. Conclusion: Prevalence of third-molar agenesis was more in skeletal class I malocclusion followed by class II and III but skeletal Class I malocclusions had more dental anomalies followed by class III and class II malocclusion.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the position and morphology of tongue and hyoid bone in skeletal Class II malocclusion based on cone beam computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wener Chen ◽  
HungEn Mou ◽  
Yufen Qian ◽  
Liwen Qian
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Hyoid Bone ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Class I ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Average Angle

Abstract Background The aim of the study was to analyze the morphology and position of the tongue and hyoid bone in skeletal Class II patients with different vertical growth patterns by cone beam computed tomography in comparison to skeletal Class I patients. Methods Ninety subjects with malocclusion were divided into skeletal Class II and Class I groups by ANB angles. Based on different vertical growth patterns, subjects in each group were divided into 3 subgroups: high-angle group (MP-FH ≥ 32.0°), average-angle group (22.0° ≤ MP-FH < 32°) and low-angle group (MP-FH < 22°). The position and morphology of the tongue and hyoid bone were evaluated in the cone beam computed tomography images. The independent Student’s t‐test was used to compare the position and morphology of the tongue and hyoid bone between skeletal Class I and Class II groups. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the measurement indexes of different vertical facial patterns in each group. Results Patients in skeletal Class II group had lower tongue posture, and the tongue body was smaller than that of those in the Class I group (P < 0.05). The position of the hyoid bone was lower in the skeletal Class II group than in Class I group (P < 0.05). The tongue length and H-Me in the skeletal Class I group with a low angle were significantly larger than those with an average angle and high angle (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the position or morphology of the tongue and hyoid bone in the skeletal Class II group with different vertical facial patterns (P > 0.05). Conclusion Patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion have lower tongue posture, a smaller tongue body, and greater occurrence of posterior inferior hyoid bone position than skeletal Class I patients. The length of the mandibular body in skeletal Class I patients with a horizontal growth type is longer. The position and morphology of the tongue and hyoid bone were not greatly affected by vertical facial development in skeletal Class II patients.

scholarly journals No Compliance Correction of Class II Malocclusion in Growing Patients Whit HERBST Appliance: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 605-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Portelli ◽  
A. Militi ◽  
M. Cicciù ◽  
A. Lo Giudice ◽  
G. Cervino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Herbst Appliance ◽  
Functional Therapy ◽  
Deep Bite ◽  
Mandibular Growth ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Mandibular Retrusion

Background:Class II malocclusion is the most common sagittal skeletal discrepancy, with a prevalent skeletal pattern of mandibular retrusion. The correction of mandibular retrusion with functional removable appliance needs a good patient’s compliance; for this reason, some clinicians prefer to use no compliance apparatus.Objective:Objective of the present therapy note is to demonstrate that the use of no compliance apparatus can provide a good correction of skeletal class II malocclusion.Methods:In the present study, authors report a therapy note referred to a 10 years old patient, woman, affected by Class II, with mandibular retrusion and deep bite, treated in 2013 at the Dep. of Orthodontics of Messina University. An orthodontic treatment has been planned with the aim of stimulating mandibular growth; an Herbst appliance with a cantilever design, bonded on first maxillary and mandibular molars, has been used. After eleven months of functional therapy a bilateral molar class I have been obtained.Results:In the therapy note proposed, authors obtained a resolution of mandibular retrusion, a correction of overjet, overbite and dental crowding in both arches, and a bilateral molar and canine class I has been achieved.Conclusion:Herbst appliance seems to be efficient in the correction of II Class Malocclusion, independently from patient’s cooperation; moreover , early correction of Class II malocclusion with functional appliances produces several clinical advantages.

Cheiloscopy: An Early Indicator of Class I & Class II Malocclusion

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Dr. Varsha Das ◽  
Dr. Vinaya .S. Pai ◽  
Dr. Siri Krishna ◽  
Dr. Shivaprasad Gaonkar ◽  
Dr. Gautham Kalladka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Early Indicator ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Type V

This study was done to determine & correlate the lip print patterns in Skeletal Class I & Class II malocclusions. A sample of 160 individuals (80 skeletal Class I & 80 skeletal Class II malocclusion) aged 12 years and above, were selected for the study. A dark coloured lipstick was applied onto the cleaned & dried lips with a single stroke. A lip impression was made on a transparent cellophane tape strip which was removed & stuck to a white bond paper. Lip print patterns were analysed based on the Tsuchihashi classification i.e. Type I, Type I’, Type II, Type III, Type IV & Type V. The field of observation was confined to 10mm on either side of the quadrant from the midline and the pattern was resolved by counting highest number of lines in this area. Statistical analyses indicated that the prevalence of Type I & Type II lip pattern was significantly higher in Skeletal Class I & Class II malocclusion subjects respectively. The results showed a significant correlation between lip prints and skeletal sagittal malocclusion. Cheiloscopy can act as an early indicator of skeletal malocclusions, but further research is required for the evaluation of lip prints in a larger sample with distinctinherited malocclusions.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional study of the upper airway in different skeletal Class II malocclusion patterns

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Fernando C. Brito ◽  
Daniel P. Brunetto ◽  
Matilde C. G. Nojima
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Reconstruction Software

ABSTRACT Objectives: To characterize upper airway volume and morphology in patients with different skeletal patterns of Class II malocclusion compared to Class I. Materials and Methods: A total of 197 individuals who had cone-beam computed tomography were allocated into groups according to ANB, SNA, and SNB angles (Class I, Class II maxillary protrusion, Class II mandibular retrusion), each subdivided into hypodivergent, normal, and hyperdivergent. Nasopharynx (NP), oropharynx (OP), and hypopharynx (HP) were assessed with three-dimensional image reconstruction software. Results: Intergroup comparison did not detect significant differences in volume and morphology of NP, OP, and HP. The males displayed larger OP and HP volume than the females. Positive correlations between age and NP, OP, HP volume and between craniocervical angle and OP and HP volume were observed. Linear regression analysis detected a tendency for OP and HP volume to increase as maxillary and mandibular length increased. Conclusions: Upper airway volume and morphology were similar in different skeletal patterns of Class II malocclusion. Actual upper and lower jaw lengths were more closely related to upper airway volume and morphology than the angles that reflected their position relative to the cranial base.

scholarly journals Orthosurgical management of skeletal class-II malocclusion with vertical growth pattern- A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-250
Author(s):  
Ashish Kamboj ◽  
S S Chopra ◽  
Tushar Deshmukh ◽  
Gagandeep Kochar ◽  
Deepak Chauhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Mandibular Advancement ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Vertical Growth ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Vertical Growth Pattern

Edward H Angle first gave the classification for malocclusions into Classes I, II and III. Amongst these, Class II is the most prevalent and commonly treated at orthodontic clinics. Treatment of Class II malocclusion with mandibular deficiency in adult patients is usually managed with ortho-surgical treatment modality. In this article a case of Skeletal Class II malocclusion with vertical growth pattern is represented which was treated with BSSRO and mandibular advancement was carried out.

scholarly journals Comparison between antegonial notch depth, symphysis morphology and ramus morphology among different growth patterns in skeletal class I and class II subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 1975-1983
Author(s):  
Abirami S ◽  
Navaneethan R ◽  
Remmiya Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Class I ◽  
Notch Depth ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Vertical Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ramus Height

In orthodontics and dentofacial orthopaedics, a thorough knowledge of growth and development is essential in order to understand various factors that contribute as to how a particular type of growth takes place. When planning of orthodontic treatment for a malocclusion, one has to take into account the growth pattern, because it would considerably affect the success of the treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare antegonial notch depth, symphysis morphology, and ramus morphology in different growth patterns in skeletal class I and class II subjects. In this study, a total of 60 cephalograms were taken which comprised 30 cephalograms in skeletal class I and 30 cephalograms of skeletal class II patients. The groups were further divided into three groups, namely average, horizontal, and vertical growth patterns based on Jarabak’s ratio. Antegonial notch depth, symphysis width and symphysis angle, and ramus height were measured and compared between the growth patterns and between class I and class II skeletal patterns. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was performed to determine the comparison between groups for all these variables in both skeletal class I and class II. Independent 't' test was done to determine the comparison between skeletal class I and class II subjects for all variables. Mean and SD values for all variables were determined for all the groups. Depth of antegonial notch was found to be greater in vertical growth patterns compared to horizontal and average growth patterns. Large symphysis angle and symphysis width were noted in a horizontal growth pattern. Increased ramus height was noted in horizontal and average growth patterns. There was no significant difference between skeletal class I and class II malocclusion for all parameters.

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