scholarly journals Policy and Administrative Barriers to IDPs Accessing Basic Services

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Barriers To Access ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Policy Barriers ◽  
Barriers To Service

Literature shows that IDPs struggle to access services, which has an impact on their ability to live healthy and fulfilling lives. In the field of health, IDPs frequently have worse outcomes than both host community and refugees. This rapid literature review finds evidence of a number of policy and administrative barriers to access of services for internally displaced persons (IDPs). IDPs remain citizens of the countries in which they are displaced, and the national authorities retain responsibility for meeting their basic rights. However, their displacement, loss of livelihoods and assets, lack of documentation, as well as discrimination against them, lack of protection under international law, lack of policy to address their needs, poor services and conflict or disaster conditions, can all make it more difficult for IDPs to access basic services than non-displaced citizens. There is relatively little literature systematically addressing the issue of administrative and policy barriers to service access among IDPs. Much of the literature discusses IDPs alongside refugees (who have a different legal status and access to different national and international support), or discusses the whole range of difficulties facing IDPs but does not focus on administrative or policy barriers. The literature frequently does not compare IDPs and other citizens and service users. Nevertheless, policy and administrative barriers are discussed, ranging from analysis of international instruments on IDPs to documentation procedures in particular countries. Much of the literature shows the prevalence of disease, lack of school attendance, limited provision of services etc. faced by IDPs, but does not discuss the policy and administrative barriers in detail.

scholarly journals Super-diversity, austerity, and the production of precarity: Latin Americans in London

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Louise Berg
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Migrant Group ◽  
Latin Americans ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
Barriers To Service ◽  
The Impact

Intensified globalisation, upheaval, conflict and inequality are creating new patterns of global migration and mobility in the 21st century. As a result, the dynamics of urban diversity is changing: global cities like London are increasingly characterised by the super-diversity of their residents, including increasing complexities of legal status. ‘New’ diversity interacts with ‘old’ ethnic diversity to create complex patterns of difference, the impact of which is felt at local level, including sites of service provision. This article draws on research on barriers to service access for Latin Americans in London, to examine the intersections between super-diversity and super-austerity. Latin Americans constitute a new migrant group in London with considerable internal diversity. The article discusses the interlocking challenges they face in accessing services. I argue that focusing on barriers to service access for this particular group provides a window onto new inequalities in super-diverse austerity Britain and the production of precarity.

scholarly journals Partnerships in Health Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-154
Author(s):  
Palitha Abeykoon
Keyword(s):  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Moral Rights ◽  
World Health ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Health Development ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Health Organization

The COVID-19 pandemic has thrown into bold relief the need for an all-of-society response supported by regional and global partnerships to control the epidemic. Addressing the social determinants of health, Universal Health Coverage, the non-communicable disease (NCD) burden, the other communicable diseases and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) all would require a close collaboration among different sectors and stakeholders, including the private sector. Partnerships connote three fundamental themes—a relative equality between the partners, mutual commitment to agreed objectives and mutual benefit for the stakeholders involved. The decisions are made jointly, and roles are not only respected but are also backed by legal and moral rights. The World Health Organization (WHO) has been and continues to be the foremost promoter as well as the host for many of the global and regional partnerships in health. A typological classification would include technical assistance partnerships supporting service access and provision of services including drugs, partnerships focusing on research and development, advocacy and resource mobilisation and financing partnerships mainly to provide funds for definite disease programmes. Partnerships in health have brought and continue to bring multiple benefits to the countries. But they also engender several challenges, including the duplication of effort and waste, high transaction costs (usually to government), issues of accountability and consequent lack of alignment with country priorities. As partnerships become increasingly significant in the twenty-first century, better coordination, particularly in terms of donor harmonisation with national priorities, would be needed. It is not ambitious to attempt the elusive ideal where all parties will benefit from one other with a give and take between all stakeholders. Partnerships in health could well herald a new dawn for health development in the South-East Asia Region.

scholarly journals Contributions of Humanitarian Agencies among Refugees and Host Communities in Handeni District, Tanzania

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Nelson Jagero ◽  
Timothy Asasira
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Building ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Computer Package ◽  
Community Issues

This study focused on the Contributions of Humanitarian agencies among refugees and host communities in Handeni District, Tanzania. A sample of 420 respondents was taken for study using simple random and purposive sampling, while data was analyzed using the SPSS computer package. The findings considered the following as critical for resolution, promotion of dialogue between refugees and the host communities and change of perception and attitude towards refugees considered naturally violent.  This has been reduced through peace campaigns by humanitarian agencies to ensure co-existence between refugees and host community. Issues on resource sharing, capacity building extension workers, ensuring basic services of equality as those available for host authority populations are provided to the refugees, developing a range of options with levels of self-help and related costs and loans relative to sanitation as they explore opportunities brought about by refugees.Keywords: Refugee, humanitarian agencies, host communities, Tanzania

scholarly journals Problems of improving conceptual apparatus in the field of protection and use of natural medicinal resources, medical and recreational areas and resorts

2019 ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
N. G. Zhavoronkova ◽  
G. V. Vypkhanova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Ecological Relations ◽  
Legal Concepts

The paper contains an analysis of theoretical problems associated with the conceptual apparatus in the sanatorium and resort sphere. They are largely due to the complex nature of the legal regulation of relations on the use and protection of natural medicinal resources, medical and recreational areas and resorts by the norms of legislation on public health, civil, urban planning, environmental, land and other branches of legislation. Accordingly, the assessment of legal concepts should cover the sphere of regulation of natural resource relations related to the use of natural resources for therapeutic and recreational purposes; the provision of services, the implementation of sanatorium-resort activities as an integral part of health and socio-economic relations; territorial (spatial) development of resort areas, medical and recreational areas; ecological relations due to the classification of such areas as specially protected. In the study of basic concepts — «health-improving terrain», «resort» — their characteristics such as «curative», «preventive», «wellness» are examined, contradictions in legislation are revealed, the necessity of expanding the criteria that are the basis for imparting with therapeutic natural resources, the corresponding legal status is justified. The necessity of expanding the terms and concepts related to the resort sphere — «resort infrastructure», «resort infrastructure user», «accommodation object», etc. is shown. The authors justify other proposals in the context of recent legislative initiatives in this area.

scholarly journals Service delivery: Focus on Dipaleseng local municipality: Mpumalanga

2013 ◽  
pp. 185-197
Author(s):  
S'bonisile Zama
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
South African ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Local Municipalities ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
African Media

The supply or lack of services impacts on people's quality of life, and so the Constitution of South Africa and other strategy documents emphasise the provision of services to all South African citizens irrespective of colour or creed. The services are vast and the responsibility for provision is divided between national, provincial and local authorities. This paper focuses on the delivery of services whose responsibility and accountability lies with the local municipalities, including: water; electricity; sanitation and refuse removal. The paper also explores the background to the recent unrest in the country with a focus on Dipaleseng Municipality, looking at its socio-economic situation, and challenges which include poverty, economic stability and provision of basic services. Sources of data include the South African media, journal articles, relevant documents, websites and databases.

From the Tax-for-Fee Reform to the Abolition of Agricultural Taxes: The Impact on Township Governments in North-west China

2007 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 43-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
John James Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
County Government ◽  
West China ◽  
North West ◽  
Local Revenue ◽  
Revenue Collection ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
The Impact

Over the last decade, there have been numerous reports of rural discontent and unrest over excessive local taxes and fees known as villagers' burdens. In response, the central government enacted the tax-for-fee reform (TFR) in 2002 that abolished local fees levied on individuals and rural households in favour of a single agricultural tax. In addition the central government has announced plans to eliminate the agricultural tax as well after 2006. The aim of the TFR is to streamline local revenue collection and establish a more transparent and efficient provision of services. The immediate result, however, is a dramatic reduction in the autonomy of township governments as well as the provision of local services. Poorer townships have become more dependent on county government for revenues, and these townships function more like county administrative units than local self-governments. Moreover, many services have also been cut due to a lack of local revenues. In north-west China, there has been a sharp decline in the provision of educational and medical services. The solution is an increase in county remittances, but these are slow and uneven, and the combination of reduced autonomy and services has produced a number of “administrative shells” at the township level. If the inefficacy continues, then there may be even greater rural discontent and unrest over the loss of basic services than there was over increasing villagers' burdens.

scholarly journals Food aid for internally displaced persons in Manicaland, Zimbabwe

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wonesai Sithole ◽  
Jan K Coetzee
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Food Aid ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Major Question ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
The Government

Internally displaced persons (IDPs) are among the most neglected and vulnerable populations in the world. There are few laws that protect them as the government is the instigator of the displacement and no government can be both perpetrator and protector. Food aid has become one of the major protective interventions aimed to enhance stability in settings of displacement. However, a major question is how food aid affects IDPs. The study on which this article is based, was designed to investigate and evaluate how food aid affects the lives of displaced persons. The focus is on understanding the effects of food aid on households’ food security, migration trends and asset loss during periods of displacement. The study employs the sustainable livelihood framework in analyzing the role of food aid on IDPs. It focuses on the relationship between food aid and livelihoods assets, and indicates how the transforming structures can be linked to food aid interventions. The findings show that food aid plays a significant role in cushioning displaced households provided that it is integrated with other sustainable livelihood interventions (such as those that promote the value of household assets and land holding). Due to denied access to land, IDPs are dependent on food aid for their household food security. Increased school attendance is noted because of food aid to IDPs but the absence of security of tenure hinders community driven effective alternatives to a food aid programme. If security of tenure is not addressed IDPs in Manicaland will find it difficult to deal with their food insecurity.

scholarly journals Socio-psychological mechanisms of adaptation and integration of internal transmitted persons in the community

HUMANITARIUM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
Oleksandra Fedorenko
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Group Development ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mechanisms Of Adaptation

This article is devoted to the case study of the social and psychological adaptation and integration of internally displaced persons in the host community. Theoretical analysis of modern local and foreign studies has been performed. A theoretical analysis of contemporary domestic and foreign researches was effectuated, during which the specialities of the socio-psychological mechanisms of adaptation and integration of internally displaced were identified. It was clarified that the process of adaptation involves acceptance and adaptation to social norms, and as a result of integration, the emergence of new formations that meet the needs of individual and group development takes place. Also, there were an attempt to define the existence of distinctions of the migrants, refugees, internally displaced persons and their special aspects of adaptation. The complexity of the social and psychological adaptation of internally displaced persons lies in the fact that the result of the process should be the conformity to socially regulated behavior, interests, and values orientations of community without losing its own individuality. Research findings point to the significant potential of internally displaced persons, which can contribute to improving the adaptive capacity of the entire community, to manifest itself in the cultural, social and working life of the host party.The material presented in the article emphasizes the importance of a more careful study of the mechanisms of adaptation and integration.

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