scholarly journals Global Evidence on the Prevalence and Impact of Online Gender-based Violence (OGBV)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Online Harassment ◽  
Media Freedom ◽  
Lost Productivity ◽  
Gender Based

This rapid review updates a previous report (Fraser and Martineau-Searle, 2018) with evidence from 2018 onwards. It finds an evidence base on online gender-based violence (OGBV) covering a wider range of countries than the previous report. Some key findings on the nature and prevalence of OGBV include: The most recent surveys show a prevalence of OGBV ranging from 16% to 58%; Men and boys also experience online abuse in high numbers, but it is less likely to be gender-based; Several studies from different countries identify Facebook as the top location for incidents of OGBV; Higher levels of online harassment and abuse are faced by people with intersecting inequality factors; According to victim-survivors, perpetrators are more likely to be unknown and acting alone, but large numbers are known to the victims. Perpetrators themselves report divergent, multifaceted and often over-lapping motivations for their actions; Analysis of underlying drivers of OGBV highlights an overarching theme of power and control, and heteronormative expectations around gender roles and sexual practice. Many authors recommend that OGBV be understood as part of a continuum of abuse where normalised behaviours, such as sexual harassment in public spaces, shade into behaviours widely recognized as criminal, such as physical assault. The societal impact of OGBV includes: Media freedom is compromised; Democracy being undermined; Economic losses resulting from lost productivity; A ‘climate of unsafety’ prevails. Evidence base: The number of surveys about self-reported experiences with online harassment has increased rapidly. The majority of the research found during the course of this rapid review came from international and domestic non-governmental organisations and think-tanks. Academic research studies were also found, including several literature reviews.

Conclusion: setting the agenda for challenging gender based violence in universities

2018 ◽  
pp. 229-240
Author(s):  
Ruth Lewis ◽  
Sundari Anitha
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Student Activism ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
University Communities ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
University Settings

This concluding chapter consolidates some of the book's key themes, such as the analysis of gender based violence (GBV) in university settings as part of the continuum of violence that includes sexual violence and sexual harassment; a gendered understanding of and approach to GBV in universities; and student activism to challenge GBV. It also discusses a jigsaw of responses to tackle GBV, including curriculum-based initiatives such as bystander programmes; the roles of various actors, such as academics, students and feminist communities — in collaboration and as collectives — in this jigsaw of strategies; and gaps and possibilities in current research and practice. Finally, the chapter considers the future directions of activism, policy, practice and research on the issue of GBV in university communities and offers some suggestions about the nature of activism and action that can address this problem as well as the role that academic research can play in this process.

scholarly journals Gender-Based Violence In Bangladesh: A Critical Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-139
Author(s):  
Md. Abu Shahen
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Gender Based

This study tried to explore the current nature of gender-based violence and harassment in Bangladesh. Specifically, gender-related harassment and discrimination with violence against women and children have been explored throughout the study. However, the study is based on secondary data collected from gender-focused scholars and organizations. The data of ASK and BSAF have been used for critical analysis regarding violence, harassment, and discrimination against women and children in Bangladesh. As findings, the study found that the prevalence of domestic violence and oppression against wife and housemate including cleaner, housekeeping, and cooker have existed in the forms of torture, negligence, rape, forced rape, physical assault, and sexual assault. The study also found that women and girls are being harassed in transportation as they feel unsecured in movement through abusive and negative attitudes and behavior such as touching, closely standing, intentionally pushing, and gripping in shoulders, bad beckon and comment, and touching in the sensitive part of the body. It is also seen that the business environment is not favorable for women Entrepreneurs due to constraints social and cultural attitudes, lack of political commitment, and insufficient governmental provisions for establishing a women-friendly business environment.

scholarly journals Predictors and facilitators of gender-based violence in sub-Saharan Africa: a rapid review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeyinwa C Akamike ◽  
Chigozie J Uneke ◽  
Henry C Uro-Chukwu ◽  
Ijeoma N Okedo-Alex ◽  
Onyedikachi E Chukwu
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Gender Based

Gender-based Violence Assessment in the Health Sector and Beyond

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele R. Decker ◽  
Elizabeth Miller ◽  
Nancy Glass
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Health Care Sector ◽  
Routine Screening ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Policy Context ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Subsequent Intervention

This chapter discusses the rationale and evidence base for routine screening in the health care sector for gender-based violence (GBV) among patients who present for care. The evidence indicates that the impact of screening without subsequent intervention is limited. The chapter also discusses the policy context for GBV screening and makes recommendations for harnessing the potential of the health and other sectors to create safe environments for identifying and assisting GBV victims.

scholarly journals Women’s and Girls’ Experiences of Security and Justice in Somaliland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Becky Carter
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Promote Gender Equality ◽  
Government Organisation ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

This rapid review seeks to provide an overview of the publicly available literature from the academic, donor, and non-government organisation sources on women’s and girls’ experiences of statutory and customary security and justice in Somaliland. In Somaliland women and girls experience poor security, with high rates of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV), and significant barriers to gender equality in the pluralistic legal system. The predominant clan-based customary justice system, along with conservative social norms and religious beliefs, discriminates against women and girls, while weak formal state institutions are not able to deliver accessible and effective justice for vulnerable and marginalised groups. Social stigma silences SGBV survivors and their families, with many rape crimes resolved through customary compensation or marriage. National and international organisations have undertaken various activities to promote gender equality in security and justice, with support provided to formal and informal security and justice institutions and actors at national and local levels, as well as initiatives to empower women and girls.

scholarly journals Education Systems for Girls’ Education in the Indo-Pacific Region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Newman ◽  
Alice Pelosi ◽  
Giovanni Zino ◽  
Silvia Crespi ◽  
Rebecca Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Education Systems ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
Learning Gap ◽  
Marriage Rates ◽  
Education Outcomes ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Gender Based

Despite substantial progress over the last two decades, girls in many parts of the world experience worse educational outcomes than boys, particularly at the secondary and tertiary levels. The COVID-19 pandemic appears to have exacerbated this learning gap in many regions, making research on the relationship between girls’ education outcomes and education systems increasingly urgent. This rapid review explores the determinants of girls’ education outcomes in a specific group of Indo-Pacific countries. It examines the education system determinants of these outcomes such as government investment, teacher training, water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) infrastructure in schools, school-related gender-based violence, and indirect costs of education, drawing from pre-COVID-19 data. It also investigates societal determinants such as political factors, poverty rates, labour market participation trends, and child marriage rates. By attempting to explain differences in learning outcomes for girls, it also achieves a typology of countries in the region and suggests ideas for further research and FCDO programming.

scholarly journals Predictors and facilitators of gender-based violence in sub-Saharan Africa: a rapid review

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeyinwa C Akamike ◽  
Chigozie J Uneke ◽  
Henry C Uro-Chukwu ◽  
Ijeoma N Okedo-Alex ◽  
Onyedikachi E Chukwu
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Gender Based

Predictors and facilitators of gender-based violence in sub-Saharan Africa: a rapid review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeyinwa C Akamike ◽  
Chigozie J Uneke ◽  
Henry C Uro-Chukwu ◽  
Ijeoma N Okedo-Alex ◽  
Onyedikachi E Chukwu
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Gender Based

scholarly journals THE RATIONALE FOR BEHAVIOUR PATTERNS OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN BY THEIR INTIMATE PARTNERS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violet Shai ◽  
King Costa
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Intimate Partner Homicide ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Violent Behaviour ◽  
The World ◽  
Gender Based

THE RATIONALE FOR BEHAVIOUR PATTERNS OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN BY THEIR INTIMATE PARTNERSKing Costa* and Violet Shai**Global Centre for Academic ResearchIntimate Partner Violence Abstract The problem of Gender Based Violence and the complexity of its multi-perspectival and multi-layered description within social sciences has become a major concern in South Africa and the world at large. Organisations such as the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) and the World Health Organisation (WHO) are amongst many global leading advocacy voices against gender based violence, especially intimate partner violence. This study was focused on the rationale for behavioural patterns of intimate partner violence and intimate partner homicide. The units of analysis of this study involved male perpetrators who were incarcerated across four maximum correctional centres in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. A total of 12 inmates were selected purposively as interview participants in the study. The ontological position of this study was within interpretivist tradition with phenomenological epistemological approach. Interpretive methods of enquiry are located within the broad qualitative research methods, which was the foundation to this particular investigation. The semi structured questionnaires were constructed along the philosophical and scientific prescripts of philosophical research. . Findings established that the rationale for intimate partner violence and intimate partner femicide are the anger, lack of communication, social constructs and toxic behaviour as the causes of violence in intimate relationships. This was reflected by participants as the contributing factor to their violent behaviour. Theories of intimate partner violence also explain most of the behaviour related patterns are associated with the stress. Cultural norms and societal expectations were found to influence the behaviour pattern of perpetrators. The economical exclusion subsequent to the Beijing Conference on women empowerment and freedom, as well as social exchange theory further suggest the pressures on male perpetrators and their roles as expected by culture and society are the causes of frustration and anger which end up in violent behaviour and femicide.Key words: Intimate partner femicide, Intimate partner violence, Intimate partner homicide, gender based violence References:Costa, K., 2020. INTEGRATING THE C.O.S.T.A. RESEARCH FRAMEWORK IN TEACHING OF THEMATIC ANALYSIS FOR POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS. Preprint.Flynn, A. & Graham, K., 2010. “Why did it happen?” A review and conceptual framework for research on perpetrators' and victims' explanations for intimate partner violence. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 15(3), pp. 239-251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2010.01.002.Stets, J. E. & Straus, M., 1989. Gender differences in reporting marital violence and its medical and psychological consequences. In: M. Straus & A. Gelles, eds. Physical violence in American families: Risk factors and adaptations to violence in 8, 145 families. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishing, p. 227–244).**Violet Shai is a researcher at Global Centre for Academic Research: [email protected]**King Costa is MD and Registrar at Global Centre for Academic Research: [email protected]

scholarly journals Gender Inequalities in the Eastern Neighbourhood Region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Becky Carter
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Review ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Lgbt People ◽  
Systemic Corruption ◽  
The Impact

This rapid review examines evidence on the structural causes and drivers of gender inequalities in the Eastern Neighbourhood region and how these gender inequalities contribute to instability in the region. While the Eastern Neighbourhood region performs relatively well on gender equality compared with the rest of the world, women and girls continue to face systemic political and economic marginalisation and are vulnerable to gender-based violence. Research on Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Moldova identifies the key underlying cause to be a set of traditional patriarchal gender norms, intersecting with conservative religious identities and harmful customary practices. These norms do not operate in isolation: the literature highlights that gender inequalities are caused by the interplay of multiple factors (with women’s unequal economic resources having a critical effect), while overlapping disadvantages affect lived experiences of inequalities. Other key factors are the region’s protracted conflicts; legal reform gaps and implementation challenges; socio-economic factors (including the impact of COVID-19); and governance trends (systemic corruption, growing conservatism, and negative narratives influenced by regional geopolitics). Together these limit women and girls’ empowerment; men and boys are also affected negatively in different ways, while LGBT+ people have become a particular target for societal discrimination in the region. Global evidence – showing that more gender unequal societies correlate with increased instability – provides a frame of reference for the region’s persistent gender inequalities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document