scholarly journals INTERGROUP CONTACT AND INGROUP IDENTIFICATION AS PREDICTORS INTERGROUP ATTITUDES AND FORGIVENESS IN THE SERBIAN CONTEXT: THE MODERATING ROLE OF EXPOSURE TO POSITIVE INFORMATION

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huseyin Cakal ◽  
Nebojša Petrović
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Collective Guilt ◽  
Positive Information ◽  
Ingroup Identification

Intergroup contact reduces prejudice and improves outgroup attitudes, while a salient social identity might have the opposite effects. Recent research has shown that exposure to positive information about the outgroup could influence such effects of the contact and social identity on the outgroup attitudes. Here we investigate the effects of the contact and social identity on the outgroup attitudes, and forgiveness toward the outgroup of Bosniak Muslims among Serbs (N = 400), by randomly allocating them into control and experimental groups. In the experimental condition, the students were presented with brief biographies of three eminent Bosniak Muslims, in the positive context, after which they collected the survey. In the control group, students were only presented with the survey without the biographies. Subsequent independent samples t-tests showed that the mean values for ingroup identification and intergroup trust were significantly different in the two groups. Specifically, participants who were in the experimental condition, being exposed to the positive information about Bosniak Muslims, reported a higher level of intergroup trust and a lower level of ingroup identification as Serbian. We then performed a multi-group structural equation modeling through which we tested a predictive role of the past contact and in-the group identification on trust and collective guilt in both control and experimental conditions. Across both groups, past contact positively and ingroup identification negatively predicted both intergroup attitudes and forgiveness via trust and collective guilt. Exposure to the positive information about the outgroup moderated the indirect effects of the ingroup identification on the intergroup attitudes via collective guilt.

Intergroup attitudes between meat-eaters and meat-avoiders: The role of dietary ingroup identification

2021 ◽  
pp. 136843022110127
Author(s):  
Sabahat Cigdem Bagci ◽  
Daniel L. Rosenfeld ◽  
Dilek Uslu
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Dietary Group ◽  
Moral Consideration ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
Ingroup Identification ◽  
Ingroup Favouritism

Why might some meat-eaters and meat-avoiders express negative attitudes toward each other? We investigated intergroup attitudes and potential underpinnings of these attitudes across three different dietary groups—veg*ans (vegetarians and vegans), flexitarians (people who restrict their meat intake partially), and meat-eaters—in Turkey ( NStudy 1 = 366; NStudy 2 = 450). In both studies, veg*ans showed the greatest ingroup favouritism and reported the highest ingroup identification and perceived discrimination. Meat enjoyment, moral consideration, and perceived veg*an threat (among meat-eaters) predicted dietary ingroup identification in Study 1, whereas perceived discrimination towards one’s dietary group was the strongest predictor of identification among all dietary groups in Study 2. Among meat-avoiders, but not among meat-eaters, stronger dietary ingroup identification was associated with more negative outgroup attitudes. Findings are discussed in light of social identity theories and intergroup perspectives.

scholarly journals The relationship between alexithymia and shyness in nursing students with mediating roles of loneliness and social identity

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Alireza Sangani ◽  
Paria Jangi
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Practical Applications

Background: Shyness is a main cause of poor results in the educational environment. The present study aimed at studying relationship between alexithymia (the inability to recognize or describe one’s own emotions) and shyness in nursing students, with mediating roles of loneliness and social identity. Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was based on structural equation modeling, specific regression equations, and a statistical population of 658 nursing students at Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences in 2018. A sample of 331 students was selected. To collect the data, Toronto’s Alexithymia Scale, Russell, Peplau and Cutrona’s Loneliness Scale, Safarinia’s Social Identity Questionnaire and Briggs, Cheek and Buss’ Shyness Scale were used. Results: The findings from regression analysis showed that there was a direct effect between alexithymia and shyness and an indirect effect between alexithymia and shyness with mediating factors of loneliness and social identity (P<0.01). In total, alexithymia, feelings of loneliness, and perception of social identity had a predictive power of 0.51% of shyness. Conclusion: The results of this study show the effect of alexithymia and the role of moderating influences on feelings of loneliness and social identity perceptions and shyness among nursing students, which can provide useful practical applications to advisers and trainers in order to improve the psychological state of nursing students.

scholarly journals Mobilising Men: Ally Identities and Collective Action in Japan and the Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle P. Ochoa ◽  
Eric Julian Manalastas ◽  
Makiko Deguchi ◽  
Winnifred R. Louis
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Group Efficacy ◽  
Disadvantaged Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Identity Model ◽  
Ingroup Identification ◽  
Moral Convictions

Men have an important role as allies in reducing discrimination against women. Following the Social Identity Model of Collective Action (SIMCA), we examined whether men's identification with women would predict their allied collective action, alongside moral convictions, efficacy, and anger. We also examined whether identification with their own ingroup would decrease their willingness to improve women's situation. We tested the SIMCA, extended to consider ingroup identification among men, in Japan (N = 103) and the Philippines (N = 131). Consistent with the SIMCA, moral convictions and group efficacy predicted men's willingness to engage in collective action to fight discrimination against women. However, anger was not significant, and identification with the advantaged and disadvantaged groups played different roles in the two countries. We discuss the possible role of norms and legitimacy in society in explaining the pattern of results.

scholarly journals The Role of Individual Values, Authoritarian Attitudes and Social Identity in the General Discriminatory Orientation of the Personal in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-73
Author(s):  
R.M. Shamionov
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Individual Values

Objective. Study of the role of individual values, authoritarian attitudes and social identity in the expression of discriminatory orientation of the personal in Russia. Background. Discriminatory attitudes not only hinder social development, but also negatively affect interpersonal and intergroup relationships, creating social and humanitarian problems. Therefore, finding out and explaining the reasons for the formation of a discriminatory attitude and determining how to eliminate them are the most important tasks of modern social psychology. Study design. The paper studied the relationship between the degree of dislike for representatives of various discriminated groups and the areas of discrimination by calculating the Pearson correlation. Predictors of discriminatory attitudes are established using regression analysis (step-by-step method). Structural modeling of the determinants of discriminatory attitudes of the individual by area (sphere) of discrimination and subject (discriminated group) using the SEM method is carried out. Participants. The study involved 217 people (the average age is 28.9±11.2 years, 36% of men). Measurements. We used the developed questionnaire and scales of discriminatory attitudes, the method of assessing values of Sh. Schwartz, a short version of the scales of the method of J. Dukkit. All scales are checked for meaningful validity and reliability. Results. It was found that the discriminatory attitude is most pronounced in the sphere of sports, education and career. Biases and rejection of representatives of different groups in various spheres of life are associated with the high significance of the values of personal and social security, power — resources, traditions (positive); values of interpersonal conformity and independence — thoughts (negative) and reputation as a desire to maintain a public image (ambivalent in different areas). The directions of relations between values, authoritarian attitudes, social identity and discriminatory attitudes are established. Сonclusions. It is shown that civil identity is a factor of institutional discrimination rather than domestic one. Adherence to an ethnic group affects the strength of a domestic discriminatory attitude directly, and institutional attitudes indirectly, through civic identity. As a result of structural equation modeling, a suitable model has been determined that explains up to 24% of variations in the outgroup discriminatory attitude and up to 25% of variations in the manifestation of biases in various spheres of life.

scholarly journals When Do Low Status Groups Help High Status Groups? The Moderating Effects of Ingroup Identification, Audience Group Membership, and Perceived Reputational Benefit

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuma Kevin Owuamalam ◽  
Mark Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
High Status ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Status Group ◽  
Ingroup Identification

Previous research has demonstrated that, when negative metastereotypes are made salient, members of low status groups help members of high status groups in order to improve the reputation of their low status group and its associated social identity. The present research investigated three potential moderators of low status groups’ outgroup helping: ingroup identification, audience group membership, and perceived reputational benefit. In Study 1 (N = 112) we found that members of a low status group (Keele University students) were most likely to offer to help raise funds for a high status group (University of Birmingham students) when they were high identifiers who had considered a negative metastereotype and believed that their responses would be viewed by an outgroup member. In Study 2 (N = 100) we found a similar effect in an intergroup context that referred to psychology students (low status ingroup) and junior doctors (high status outgroup), showing that the effect was limited to people who perceived reputational benefit in helping the outgroup. The practical and social implications of these findings are discussed in relation to intergroup contact and international relations.

Social Contact and Inter-Ethnic Attitudes: The Importance of Contact Experiences in Schools

2018 ◽  
pp. 201-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Wölfer ◽  
Miles Hewstone ◽  
Eva Jaspers
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Ethnic Attitudes ◽  
The U.S

Despite six decades of research in the field of intergroup contact, the special role of the school setting as a key context for mixing has, after an initial focus on studies of school desegregation in the U.S., received relatively little attention, especially in Europe. In this chapter, we will explain why the school setting can provide particularly effective intergroup contact experiences for improving intergroup attitudes, before we report empirical evidence using the CILS4EU dataset. Our findings demonstrate that the school provides more intergroup contact opportunities than other contexts, and these opportunities are consistently associated with more favorable intergroup attitudes for the majority as well as different minority groups. The present findings highlight the usefulness of early intergroup contact interventions within the school setting due to the specific structure of the school as a setting, as well as the efficacy of outgroup experiences in childhood and adolescence.

Social identity and the transition to entrepreneurship: The role of group identification with workplace peers

2012 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Obschonka ◽  
Maximilian Goethner ◽  
Rainer K. Silbereisen ◽  
Uwe Cantner
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Group Identification

scholarly journals Intergroup contact and endorsement of social change motivations: The mediating role of intergroup trust, perspective-taking, and intergroup anxiety among three advantaged groups in Northern Cyprus, Romania, and Israel

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-67
Author(s):  
Huseyin Çakal ◽  
Samer Halabi ◽  
Ana-Maria Cazan ◽  
Anja Eller
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Social Identification ◽  
Intergroup Anxiety ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Northern Cyprus ◽  
Ingroup Identification ◽  
Action Tendencies

Three studies investigated the effect of intergroup contact and social identification on social change among three advantaged groups in Cyprus, Romania, and Israel. In Study 1 ( n = 340, Turkish Cypriots), intergroup contact with disadvantaged immigrant Turks positively predicted endorsement of their social change motivations directly, and via intergroup trust and perspective-taking indirectly. In Study 2 ( n = 200, Romanians), contact with the ethnic minority Hungarians positively predicted endorsement of their social change motivations via intergroup trust, perspective-taking, and intergroup anxiety, while ingroup identification negatively predicted endorsement of Hungarian ethnic minority’s collective action tendencies via perspective-taking and anxiety. In Study 3 ( n = 240, Israeli Jews), intergroup contact positively predicted, while ingroup identification negatively predicted, endorsement of disadvantaged Israeli Palestinian citizens’ social change motivations via perspective-taking, anxiety, and trust. Across three studies, results show that intergroup contact led the advantaged groups to attitudinally support social change motivations of the disadvantaged outgroups through increased trust, perspective-taking, and reduced anxiety, whereas ingroup identification weakened their intention to support social change motivations via perspective-taking and intergroup anxiety in Study 2, and via intergroup trust, perspective-taking, and intergroup anxiety in Study 3.

Gender disparaging jokes: An investigation of sexist-nonstereotypical jokes on funniness, typicality, and the moderating role of ingroup identification

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica R. Abrams ◽  
Amy M. Bippus ◽  
Karen J. McGaughey
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ingroup Identification ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThis experiment relied on social identity theory to investigate jokes that express superiority and denigration toward social groups. In particular, the social identity of gender is examined in the context of sexist-nonstereotypical jokes. Results revealed that sexist-nonstereotypical jokes had the greatest impact on women. Specifically, women rated jokes about men funnier than jokes about themselves, and highly identified women found jokes targeting men significantly funnier than jokes targeting women. These results, and others relating to prototypicality, offer insight into how disparaging intergroup jokes function to accentuate and attenuate intergroup relations.

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