scholarly journals Effect of the framework material on the final color of all-ceramic restorations

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Márcia Borba ◽  
Queli Nunes Sonza ◽  
Álvaro Della Bona
Keyword(s):  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Polycrystalline Alumina ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Framework Materials ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Restorations ◽  
Study Hypothesis ◽  
Final Color

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the effect of the type of ceramic framework material on the final color of all-ceramic restorations. The hypotheses tested were: (1) the final color of the restoration is different than the porcelain shade selected initially to veneer the framework and (2) different framework materials result in different colors of all-ceramic restorations. METHODS: Steel models simulating abutment teeth were used to design all-ceramic fixed partial dentures (FPDs). The FPDs were produced using three different framework materials (n=8): (YZ) yttria partially stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (LAVA, 3M); (IZ) glass-infiltrated alumina/zirconia (Vita In-Ceram Zirconia); (AL) polycrystalline alumina (Vita In-Ceram AL). Each framework was veneered with the recommended porcelain, VM9 for YZ and VM7 for IZ and AL groups (Vita). The porcelain shade used was 2M2. A uniform thickness of 1.2 mm of porcelain was applied around the retainers. The color difference (ΔE) and lightness difference (ΔL) between the selected porcelain shade (2M2) and the color of the final restoration were obtained using a clinical spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade). Statistical analysis was performed using One-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α=0.05). RESULTS: The ΔE mean values, standard deviation and statistical ranking for the experimental groups were: (YZ) 2.38 ± 0.44b; (IZ) 2.92 ± 0.67ab; (AL) 3.43 ± 0.84a. AL group showed the highest ΔE and ΔL mean values. IZ showed an intermediate ΔE value and statistically similar to AL and YZ groups. There was no significant difference between ΔL values for YZ and IZ groups. CONCLUSION:  Although the color difference between all experimental groups and the porcelain shade selected to veneer the restorations could be visually detected (ΔE>1.0), only AL showed a difference above the clinical threshold (ΔE>3.0). Thus, the first study hypothesis was partially accepted. In addition, the type of framework ceramic influenced the final restoration color, accepting the second study hypothesis.

The Aesthetic Effect of All-Ceramic Pressed Crowns According to the Thickness and Color of the Materials Used - An In Vitro Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 587 ◽  
pp. 349-355
Author(s):  
Sergiu Drafta ◽  
Adelina Popescu ◽  
Vlad Naicu
Keyword(s):  
Human Eye ◽  
Color Parameters ◽  
Varying Thickness ◽  
Dental Abutment ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Ceramic Restorations ◽  
Final Color

The final color of all-ceramic restorations may be influenced by the varying thickness of the dental abutment. Eighty A2 color (MO and LT) ceramic discs and eighty A3.5 color and four different thicknesses composite discs of were produced. The measurements were performed using the Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer. The results were statistically analyzed. Conclusion: There are no significant differences (perceived by the human eye) of the color parameters in the CIE L*a*b* system when comparing different combinations.

scholarly journals Comparison of Shade of Ceramic with Three Different Zirconia Substructures using Spectrophotometer

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Rashid Habib ◽  
Ibraheem F Al Shiddi
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Difference ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Ceramic Color ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Grand Rapids ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type 3

ABSTRACT Objective This study assessed how changing the Zirconia (Zr) substructure affected the color samples after they have been overlaid by the same shade of veneering ceramic. Materials and methods Three commercial Zr materials were tested in this study: Prettau® Zirconia (ZirKonZahn, Italy), Cercon (Dentsply, Germany) and InCoris ZI (Sirona, Germany). For each system, 15 disk-shaped specimens (10 × 1 mm) were fabricated. Three shades of A1, A2 and A3.5 of porcelain (IPS e.MaxCeram, IvoclarVivadent, USA) were used for layering the specimens. Five specimens from each type of Zr were layered with same shade of ceramic. Color measurements were recorderd by a spectrophotometer Color-Eye® 7000A (X-Rite, Grand Rapids, MI). Mean values of L, a, b color coordinates and ?E were recorded and comparisons were made. Results Differences in the ΔE were recorded for the same porcelain shade with different Zr substructures and affected the color of the specimens (p < 0.01, ANOVA). The maximum difference between the ΔE values for the A1, A2 and A3.5 shades with three types of Zr substructures was found to be 1.59, 1.69 and 1.45 respectively. Multiple comparisons of the ΔE with PostHoc Tukey test revealed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the three types of Zr, except between Type 2 Zr and Type 3 Zr for the Shade A1. The mean values of L, a, b and ΔE for the Prettau® Zirconia substructure were found to be the least among the three types. Conclusions The brand of Zr used influences the final color of the all ceramic Zr based restorations and this has clinical significance. How to cite this article Habib SR, Al Shiddi IF. Comparison of Shade of Ceramic with Three Different Zirconia Substructures using Spectrophotometer. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(2): 135-140.

Spectrophotometric Analysis of All-ceramic Materials and Their Interaction with Luting Agents and Different Backgrounds

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.S. Barath ◽  
F.-J. Faber ◽  
S. Westland ◽  
W. Niedermeier
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽  
Color Variation ◽  
Luting Agents ◽  
Luting Agent ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Cielab System ◽  
Final Color

In this study, two All-Ceramic (AC) materials—Empress 2 (EMP) (Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and In-Ceram ALUMINA (ICA) (Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany)—were analyzed, along with the effects of 3 luting agents— viz. Zinc Phosphate cement (ZNPO, PhospaCEM PL, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein), Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC, Ketac-Cem Radiopaque, ESPE Dental AG, Seefeld, Germany), and Compolute (COMP, ESPE Dental AG, Seefeld, Germany)—on the final color, using the CIELab system. Color differences (DeltaL, Deltaa, Deltab, and DeltaE) were calculated for samples with luting agents and for samples without luting agents with standard white and black backgrounds, with the use of a spectrophotometer, Luci 100 (Dr. Lange, Berlin, Germany). One-way ANOVA for DeltaL, Deltaa, Deltab, and DeltaE within both the AC systems, with and without luting agents, showed significant contributions of the background (p < 0.05). EMP was seen to be more translucent than ICA. Darker ceramics showed less color variation. Luting agents altered the final color of the restoration. ZNPO was least translucent, followed by GIC and COMP. Marginal increases in thicknesses of ICA samples (0.4 mm) do not show a statistically significant color difference. No method exists to predict the outcome of an AC restoration based on consideration of the luting agent and the background color.

Test of Relative Translucency of 5 All-Ceramic Core Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 591 ◽  
pp. 289-292
Author(s):  
Jian Feng Chen ◽  
Rui Jie Dang ◽  
Li Sheng Zhao ◽  
Bin Deng ◽  
Bin Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Difference ◽  
Core Material ◽  
White Background ◽  
Ceramic Core ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Core Materials

Objective:To study the relative translucency of 5 veneered and glazed all-ceramic systems core material, including Procerra AllCeram Alumina, Vita In-Ceram Zirconium, Ivoclar Vivodent Empress, In-Ceram Spinell and Colored Zirconia. Methods: Under standard black and white background, the surface light reflectivity of 5 veneered all-ceramic systems core material was determined with contact color difference meter, and the ratio of Yb /Yw was calculated. Results: After veneered, the relative translucency of 5 core materials all declined, and ranged from 0.6740 of In-Ceram Spinell to 1.00 of In-Ceram zirconia, among of that In-Ceram Spinell was most transparent. Conclusion: Among the groups, there is no significant differences among Empress II, Procera AllCeram and Colored Zirconia (IL1,IL2,IL3). Compared with Procera AllCeram and Vita In-Ceram Zirconium , Procera AllCeram has significant difference. There is a significant difference between Procera AllCeram and In-Ceram Spinell.

Test of Relative Translucency for Four All-Ceramic Core Material after Veneering Ceramic

2013 ◽  
Vol 544 ◽  
pp. 388-391
Author(s):  
Jian Feng Chen ◽  
Li Sheng Zhao ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Bin Deng ◽  
Bin Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Difference ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Ceramic Core ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Core Materials

Objective: To study the relative translucency of 4 veneered and glazed all-ceramic systems core material, including Vita In-Ceram Alumina, Vita In-Ceram Zirconium, Ivoclar Vivodent Empress and Colored Zirconia. Methods: Under standard black and write background, the surface light reflectivity of 4 veneered all-ceramic systems core material was determined with contact color difference meter, and the ratio of Yb /Yw was calculated. Results: After veneered, the relative translucency of 4 core materials all declined, and ranged from 0.8015 of Colored Zirconia to 1.00 of In-Ceram zirconia, among of that Empress II and Colored Zirconia were most transparent. Conclusion: Among the groups, there is no significant difference between Empress II and Colored Zirconia(IL1,IL2,IL3). Compared with Vita In-Ceram Alumina and Vita In-Ceram Zirconium, Vita In-Ceram Alumina(AL1) has significant difference. There is no significant difference between Vita In-Ceram Zirconium and Vita In-Ceram Alumina(AL2,AL3,AL4).

The Effect of Liner Thickness on the Color of Y-TZP Based All-Ceramic Restorations

2013 ◽  
Vol 544 ◽  
pp. 380-383
Author(s):  
Ruo Yu Liu ◽  
Yao Kun Zhang ◽  
Shan Yu Zhou ◽  
Chen Hu ◽  
Dong Dong Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Difference ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ceramic System ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Human Eye ◽  
Color Parameters ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Restorations ◽  
Different Thickness

To evaluate the effect of various liner thickness on the color of Y-TZP based all-ceramic restorations. Forty disc specimens (10 mm diameter, 0.5 mm thick) were fabricated from IPS e.max ZirCAD core material. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups (n=10) according to layering with different ZL1 IPS e.max ZirLiner thicknesses as: 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm and one group had received no treatment as the control group. And 0.6 mm veneering porcelain was fired on the IPS e.max ZirCAD core material by traditional layering technique. Using a spectrophotometer to measure Color parameters L, a and b of the specimens after veneered. ΔE were calculated to compare color difference among the four groups. Intergroup differences of ΔE in different thicknesses were statistically significant at P<0.05. The ΔE between groups with different thickness were 2.03±0.07, 2.88±0.07, 3.54±0.07, 0.86±0.06, 1.47±0.06 and 0.67±0.06 respectively.Usually researchers apply ΔE=1.5 as the threshold for distinguishing two different colors by the human eye. Color difference ΔE between different groups with and without liner application was more than 1.5, which was in the perceptible range, but ΔE of liner application with the thickness of 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm were undistinguishable by human eye (ΔE<1.5). Thus liner application of the all ceramic system could significantly affected the final color of the all ceramic restorations and it ameliorated esthetics of Y-TZP all-ceramic restorations to good purpose. However, Changes in the thickness (0.1 mm-0.3 mm) of liner application have no significant effect on the final shade of Y-TZP based all-ceramic restorations.

Comparing Study on Translucency of Four Veneered Dental All-Ceramic Core Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 235-238
Author(s):  
Rong Jian Lu ◽  
Cheng Long Wang ◽  
Juan Xu ◽  
Yuan Fu Yi ◽  
Long Quan Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Difference ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Anterior Tooth ◽  
Optical Effect ◽  
Ceramic Core ◽  
Posterior Tooth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Core Materials

This study aimed to compare the translucency of four veneered dental all-ceramic core materials,including IPS e.max Press,Zenostar,Lava Zirconia and Upcera Zirconia.All specimens were fabricated at 10mm in diameter and 1.00.01mm in thickness.The translucency of specimens were measured with color difference meter and measurements were statistically analysed with SPSS 13.0. Experimental results showed that their translucency had significant difference,the order of relative translucency from high to low was IPS e.max PressLava ZirconiaZenostarUpcera Zirconia.IPS e.max Press which has good optical effect may be preferable for restoring anterior tooth with higher translucent. As for relatively opaque posterior tooth,Upcera Zirconia may be advisable.

Effect of In Vitro Ageing on a Cold Isostatic-Pressed Zirconia Ceramic for All Ceramic Restorations

2011 ◽  
Vol 493-494 ◽  
pp. 604-608
Author(s):  
A. Vatali ◽  
E. Siarampi ◽  
Eleana Kontonasaki ◽  
Nikolaos Kantiranis ◽  
T. Zorba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Zirconia Ceramic ◽  
Full Density ◽  
Zirconia Ceramics ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
M Phase ◽  
Ceramic Restorations

High strength of Yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) zirconia ceramics are sensitive to low temperature degradation (LTD) that leads to exaggerated tetragonal to monoclinic transformation and a surface to depth propagating degradation that diminishes their mechanical properties. In vitro tests for accelerating ageing have been proposed for the prediction of zirconia ceramics clinical performance. The aim of the present work was to investigate the in vitro ageing of a cold isostatic-pressed zirconia ceramic for all ceramic restorations. Bar-shaped specimens milled from a zirconia block (Ivoclar IPS e.max ZirCAD) were sintered to full density, mirror-polished and cut into two equal pieces. One piece was used as control while the other was subsequently aged (steam 134°C / 2 bars / 10 hours). Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was used to evaluate the surface profile and the micro-structural features before and after ageing. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD) were used to determine the degree of the m-ZrO2 transformation. Ageing resulted in an increase of the surface roughness, while the formation of monoclinic spots on the surface of the specimens was verified by surface uplifts in the AFM images. The peaks of the m-phase were clearly observed in the FTIR spectra while an average increase of 16% w.t. of the m-ZrO2 phase was recorded by XRD. Although, no sound lifetime predictions can be made from accelerated tests, based on the ISO standard that imposes that the m-phase should not exceed 25% wt after 5h at 134 °C and 2 bar pressure, it can be concluded that the tested ceramic resisted an extreme transformation that could negatively affect its clinical performance.

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