scholarly journals Una victoria (póstuma) de las viudas de la poligamia del Sáhara español: la STSJ de Madrid de 14 de junio de 2008 = A (posthumous) victory for the widows of the polygamy in the Spanish Sahara: the decision of the Higher Court of Madrid of June 14, 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 807
Author(s):  
Pilar Juárez Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
International Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
El Alto ◽  
The Right ◽  
To Receive

Resumen: El año 2018 resultó especialmente pródigo en resoluciones judiciales en torno a la poligamia, concretamente sobre la cuestión de la pensión de viudedad de las múltiples esposas concu­rrentes en un matrimonio polígamo. Estas decisiones destacan por su lucidez y su coherencia a la hora de abordar una demanda no siempre bien entendida y resuelta por nuestros tribunales de justicia. La Sentencia de 14 de junio de 2018 dictada por el Tribunal de Justicia de Madrid, Sala de lo Contencioso Administrativo, es un ejemplo de ello. La resolución declara el derecho de segunda esposa de un soldado español de la Policía Territorial del Sáhara a percibir la pensión de viudedad generada por éste. Además de la correcta aplicación de la doctrina del orden público atenuado, esta sentencia tiene del mérito de consolidar la línea interpretativa seguida hasta la fecha por el Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Madrid, acogiendo la senda marcada por la STS de 24 de enero de 2018, que supone un giro jurisprudencial en el Alto Tribunal.Palabras clave: orden público internacional, Sáhara español, pensión de viudedad, poligamia, Derecho internacional privado.Abstract: In the course of 2018 several sentences about polygamy were made by the Spanish courts, with more specific regard to widow’s pension. These decisions are fully consistent with a de­mand not always understood and settled by ours courts. The decision of the Higher Court of Madrid of June 14, 2018 is a recent example of this. This sentence recognizes the right of the second wife of a Spanish soldier of the Territorial Police of the Sahara to receive the widow’s pension. The resolution correctly applies the attenuated public policy and consolidates the Higher Court’s previous case law in this matter, following a change in the case law of the Supreme Court’s decision of January, 24, 2018.Keywords: public policy, Spanish Sahara, widow’s pension, polygamy, private international law.

Part 2 National and Regional Reports, Part 2.1 Africa: Coordinated by Jan L Neels and Eesa A Fredericks, 16 Morocco: Moroccan Perspectives on the Hague Principles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaher Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
International Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Statutory Law ◽  
The Hague ◽  
The Law

This chapter examines Moroccan perspectives on the Hague Principles. In Morocco, the sources of private international law applicable to international commercial contracts are both of a national and an international nature. International sources include mainly treaties and, to a lesser extent, international customs to which the Moroccan courts may refer in particular cases. National sources are statutory law, case law, and scholarly writings. Case law has always played a vital role in the development and the interpretation of the rules applicable to international commercial contracts. It is indeed the role of the courts to determine the scope of law chosen by the parties and to delimit the boundaries of international public policy as a limit to the application of the law chosen by the parties. Moroccan courts consider international customs as important sources in respect of international contracts and arbitration. Having frequently used the universally accepted principles of private international law, Moroccan courts could easily draw on the Hague Principles to find solutions to certain questions that have not been addressed by the legislature.

scholarly journals La consolidación de una lúcida doctrina judicial sobre poligamia y pensión de viudedad: la STSJ de Andalucía de 24 de mayo de 2018 = The consolidation of a lucid case law on polygamy and pensions: the decision of the Higher Court of Andalusia of May 24, 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Pilar Juárez Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
International Law ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Polygamous Marriage ◽  
The Absolute

Resumen: Durante el año 2018 los tribunales españoles tuvieron que pronunciarse en diferentes ocasiones sobre los efectos legales que en España pueda tener el matrimonio poligámico celebrado váli­damente en el extranjero. La institución de la poligamia es progresivamente una figura cada vez menos ajena a nuestro entorno jurídico, dada la reiteración con que se plantea ante nuestros órganos jurisdiccio­nales. Esta reincidencia es en gran medida responsable del progresivo cambio de la percepción judicial española ante esta figura: del rechazo absoluto y sin matices a la admisión de ciertas consecuencias jurídicas, en aras de una interpretación tuitiva de la poligamia. Así lo evidencia la sentencia que aquí se analiza, que reconoce el derecho a la pensión de viudedad de la una ciudadana española que había con­traído matrimonio poligámico en Marruecos con un nacional de dicho país. Con esta decisión, el TSJ de Andalucía ratifica y consolida su lúcida línea interpretativa en esta materia, desde hace años partidaria de aplicar la doctrina del orden público atenuado a una institución plagada de matices, que casan mal con apreciaciones radicales y simplistas.Palabras clave: orden público internacional, pensión de viudedad, poligamia, Derecho internacio­nal privado.Abstract: During the year 2018 the Spanish courts issued various judgments on the legal effects that in Spain may have the polygamous marriage legally celebrated abroad. The polygamous marriage is less and less unknown for the Spanish legal system, because is a matter frequently submitted to our courts. The reiteration of these demands has helped to change the judicial perception of this institution: from the absolute rejection to the admission of some legal effects, because of a protective interpretation of polygamy. The decision of the Higher Court of Andalusia of Mai 24, 2018 is an illustrative example of this, by the recognition of widow’s pension to a Spanish woman who got a polygamous marriage to a Moroccan national in Morocco. This sentence confirms and consolidates the lucid case law of Anda­lusian Court, traditionally in favour of attenuated public policy for an institution with many shades, not adequate for simplistic and radical interpretations.Keywords: public policy, widow’s pension, polygamy, private international law.

scholarly journals Foreign Law Rules in French Justice: The Basic Problems and Challenges

Law and World ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 195-205
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
Legal Relationship ◽  
Foreign Law ◽  
French Case ◽  
Local Law ◽  
The Right

Private international law plays an important role in defining applicable law and regulating private international law relations. Foreign law is significantly different from local law. Judges do not have the right to change the content of foreign law, they simply have the opportunity to reject or apply foreign law. When a judge is obliged to make a decision based on the rules of national law in the process of legal proceedings, it is clear that the law of a foreign country can- not enjoy the same status. The issue of determining the content of foreign law and its application remains one of the most problematic issues in the private international law of countries around the world. French case law has gone through a difficult and controversial path to formulate a decisive position on the application of foreign law. Resolving this problem was especially important for France, as the courts of this country have to deal with a large number of international litigation cases. The basis for the application of foreign law is the choice of French private international law rules, as a particular legal relationship is subject to regulation by a foreign legal system. Thus, French courts apply foreign law to administer high-quality justice, as finding the right solution lies in applying foreign law.

The Old Order Changeth, Yielding Place to the New (Murli Manohar Joshi’s Tenure)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.V. Vaidyanatha Ayyar
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Original Intent ◽  
Policy Problem ◽  
Old Order ◽  
Reinforcing Factors ◽  
The Right

This chapter elaborates the shifting case law over the 24 year period from 1982 to 2006 in regard to the right of private individuals and organisations to establish educational institutions, the regulation of admissions to private-unaided institutions (self-financing institutions), and the regulatory power of AICTE. It offers a theoretical explanation of these shifts by elaborating two major reinforcing factors. The first is the adoption of an interpretational philosophy that legitimates judges going beyond the express wording and original intent of Constitution makers, discerning the purpose underlying a constitutional provision, and applying the purpose so discovered to rectify failures of public policy and governance types. The second factor is the inbuilt trait to expand as a result of a generous policy of admitting appeals. Given that judges differ considerably in the judicial philosophy they hold, and their perception of policy problem and solutions case law has bene fluid, creating uncertainty for institutions which are regulated as well as regulators like the AICTE.

Schemes of Arrangement: Law and Practice

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff O’Dea ◽  
Julian Long ◽  
Alexandra Smyth
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
English Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Uk

This new guide to schemes of arrangement draws together all of the elements of the law and practice concerning both creditor and member schemes. Member schemes of arrangement have become the preferred method of implementing takeovers in the UK. Creditor schemes of arrangement are increasingly used in restructuring matters and the trend in their usage in foreign companies is likely to continue as many credit documents across Europe are arranged and underwritten in London under English law. The book considers the effect given to an English scheme in foreign jurisdictions, and other Private International Law issues. A major issue for those considering a scheme for creditors is whether a scheme or CVA (Company Voluntary Arrangement) is more appropriate and this book assists the reader by including an analysis of the pros and cons of schemes and CVAs. There are very few sources of information on schemes of arrangement and the area takes much of its substance from case law. This book, addressing the law and practical issues faced by practitioners on a day-to-day basis, is a first in the field.

Diplomatic Protection: Taking Human Rights Extraterritorially

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 299-352
Author(s):  
Noura Karazivan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Current State ◽  
Diplomatic Protection ◽  
Human Rights Treaties ◽  
Legitimate Expectations ◽  
Jus Cogens ◽  
To Receive

SummaryThis article argues that states should have a limited obligation — and not only a privilege — to extend diplomatic protection to their nationals when they are facing violations of their most basic human rights abroad. The author addresses the current state of international law regarding diplomatic protection, with a focus on the International Law Commission's failed attempt to impose a duty on states to exercise protection in cases of jus cogens violations. A review of domestic case law, particularly in the United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, and South Africa, shows that while some courts recognize legitimate expectations to receive diplomatic protection, all are reluctant to exercise judicial review of a denial of diplomatic protection. The author nevertheless examines whether adherence to international human rights treaties could entail a positive obligation for states to exercise diplomatic protection in order to protect the human rights of their nationals that are ill-treated abroad.

scholarly journals Application of Brussels II bis regulation in exercising the right of access to a child by extended family members

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (90) ◽  
pp. 189-205
Author(s):  
Radmila Dragišić
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Hague Convention ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Parental Responsibility ◽  
The Hague ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Hague Convention ◽  
Right Of Access

In this paper, the author explores the sources of European Union Law that regulate one segment of parental responsibility - the right of access to a child. The focal point of research is the transition from the conventional (interstate) regulation of judicial cooperation in marital disputes and parental responsibility issues to the regulation enacted by the European Union institutions, with specific reference to the Brussels II bis Regulation. First, the author briefly points out to its relationship with other relevant international law sources regulating this subject matter: the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction; the Hague Convention on Jurisdiction, Applicable Law, Recognition, Enforcement and Cooperation in the Field of Parental Responsibility and Measures for the Protection of Children; and other international sources of law. Then, the author examines in more detail its relationship with the Brussels II bis recast Regulation, which will be applicable as of 1 August 2022. In addition, the paper includes an analysis of the first case in which the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) decided on the application of the Brussels II bis Regulation, at the request of granparents to exercise the right of access to the child. On the issue of determining the competent court which has jurisdiction to decide on how this right shall be exercised, the CJEU had to decide whether the competent court is determined on the basis of the Brussels II bis Regulation or on the basis of national Private International Law rules. This paper is useful for the professional and scientific community because it deals (inter alia) with the issue of justification of adopting a special source of law at the EU level, which would regulate the issue of mutual enforcement of court decisions on the right of access to the child. This legal solution was proposed by the Republic of France, primarily guided by the fundamental right of the child to have contact with both parents.

scholarly journals Libre circulación de personas y Derecho Internacional Privado: un análisis a la luz de la jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea = Free movement of persons and International Private Law: an analysis in the light of the case law of the European Court of Justice

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Irene Blázquez Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Free Movement ◽  
Legal Person ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
European Court ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
European Citizenship ◽  
Free Movement Of Persons

Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la interacción entre la libre circulación de per-sonas y el Derecho internacional privado. Mediante esta dimensión se profundiza en la esencia de esta movilidad intra-UE, al tiempo que se calibra el alcance del status civitatis europeo. Este estudio se sus-tenta en una jurisprudencia reciente –si  bien consolidada– del TJUE en la que se garantiza no sólo el desplazamiento sino también el reconocimiento de situaciones privadas en el espacio europeo, y ello con independencia de la regulación material o conflictual del Estado miembro de acogida. En esta acción, la persona tanto física como jurídica trasciende su propio Derecho nacional y adquiere una auténtica dimensión “europea”.Palabras clave: libre circulación de personas, ciudadanía de la Unión, Derecho internacional pri-vado, estatuto personal.Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyse the interaction between the free movement of persons and private international law. This dimension deepens in the essence of this intra-EU mobility, at the same time as measuring the scope of the European status civitatis. This study is based on recent –yet already well defined– case law of the CJEU, guaranteeing not only the movement but also the mutual recognition of civil situations into the common European space, independent of substantive or conflict rules of the host member state. With this action, both natural and legal person go beyond their own na-tional law in order to acquire a truly “European” dimension.Keywords: free movement of persons, European citizenship, Private International Law, personal status.   

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