scholarly journals M. Valek, G. Aygi and “Woman on the Right”, or The first Slovak translation of G. Aygi’s poetry in the context of the 1960s and modern reception

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Ulyana Verina ◽  
◽  
Andrea Grominová ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Original Form ◽  
Free Verse ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right ◽  
Formal Innovation ◽  
Rich History ◽  
Slovak Language

The book of poetry by G. Aygi was translated and published into Slovak language as “Žena sprava” (“The Woman on the Right”) in 1967. The same year the book was translated into Czech language. It is the Czech translation that occupies the first place in the research and bibliography of G. Aygi’s publications. The paper examines the features of the Slovak translation through the views of the translator and poet M. Valek. The translations appeared when Slovak poets were in search of finding a modern artistic language and modifying the original in accordance with the artistic concept of the poet-translator. M. Valek’s interest in the poetry of G. Aygi was associated with the same range of problems. The translations have an imprint of M. Valek’s own stylistics and demonstrate his priority for existentiality and metaphor, which he emphasizes, leading to neglecting the peculiarities of the original form. The contemporary Slovak translations of G. Aygi’s poetry are more focused on the transfer of formal innovation, the preservation of the author’s punctuation and graphics. However, the novelty of G. Aygi’s verses, which is still far from being fully explored, was comprehensively analyzed only in the 2000s and contemporary translators rely on new theory as well as a rich history of translations.The novelty of the paper is that it compares the translations of different years, the views of G. Aygi and M. Valek on free verse, and also provides an assessment of the translations by G. Aygi himself.

scholarly journals Argentine Concordat as an International Agreement Regulating the Law of Patronage

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-109
Author(s):  
Marta Zuzanna Osuchowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
International Agreement ◽  
Holy See ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right

In the history of relations between the Argentinean government and the Holy See, two ideas are permanently intertwined: signing the Concordat and defending national patronage. The changes that occurred in the 1960s indicated that exercising the right of patronage, based on the principles outlined in the Constitution, was impossible, and the peaceful establishment of the principles of bilateral relations could only be indicated through an international agreement. The Concordat signed by Argentina in 1966 removed the national patronage, but the changes to the content of the Constitution were introduced only in 1994. The aim of the study is to show the concordat agreement concluded in 1966 by Argentina with the Holy See as an example of an international agreement. The main focus is the presentation of concordat standards for the institution of patronage. Due to the subject and purpose of the study, the work uses methods typical of social sciences in the legal science discipline. The dogmatic-legal method is the basis for consideration of the Concordat as a source of Argentine law, and as an auxiliary method, the historical-legal method was used to show the historical background of the presented issue.

Advocacy and Coordination of Services

1985 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Wanda Jean Rainbolt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Educators ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adapted Physical Educators ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Right ◽  
Time And Energy ◽  
Consumer Advocates ◽  
Architectural Barriers

Adapted physical educators are spending much of their time and energy advocating for the right of all children and youth to a high quality of physical education service delivery and the elimination of attitudinal, aspirational, and architectural barriers experienced by handicapped persons. Prior to the 1960s, lawyers or legal advocates were the ones who would plead the cause for others. Since then, however, three types of advocates have evolved: citizen, professional, and consumer advocates. Adapted physical educators are professional advocates, but they must have an understanding of the other types of advocates. The purpose of this article is to acquaint adapted physical educators with the job function of advocacy, the history of advocacy, and the many roles advocates play.

Changing African Perspectives on the Right of Self-Determination in the Wake of the Banjul Charter on Human and Peoples′ Rights

1985 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kwaw Nyameke Blay
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Southern Sudan ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right ◽  
United Nations Charter

In the history of modern Africa the issue of self-determination has always been of special significance. For a better part of a century and in some cases more, almost the entire continent was subject to colonisation by various European powers. The end of the Second World War and the subsequent adoption of the United Nations Charter, incorporating the principle of self-determination, heralded a new phase for the African colonies in international relations. Defined in its simplest terms, self-determination is the principle by virtue of which a people freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development. Selfdetermination is in essence the right of self-government. A territory exercises the right by either opting to establish itself as an independent state, associating with an existing state or by accepting to be integrated into an existing state. Self-determination so defined was thus used as the basis for decolonisation in Africa and provided the foundations for equal statehood for the former colonies of Africa in international relations.After decolonisation, the issue of self-determination still persists in Africa attracting sentiments and implications well exemplified by the conflicts Over Biafra and Katanga in the 1960s and currently in Eritrea, the Tigray province of Ethiopia and the Southern Sudan. The very successful propagation of self-determination as the right of every people to self-government by African nationalists during the colonial days seems to have left behind a legacy of a question for post-independence Africa—is the ideal of self-determination

National Parks in Colombia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Leal
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
Ecological Criteria ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right ◽  
Environmental Agency

The history of Colombian national parks started in 1948 with the establishment of a reserve for scientific research, which stood alone until the 1960s, when various state agencies created a few parks with quite different goals in mind, including preserving imposing landscapes and conserving water. This rather casual development changed after the growing international concern for the environment led to the creation of an environmental agency in 1968 and the enactment of an environmental code in 1974, which served as institutional platform for the planned expansion of a system of national parks based largely on ecological criteria. Chronically underfunded and understaffed, the Office of National Parks has confronted its weakness by establishing parks which confer legal protection on areas whose natural attributes were deemed valuable. Such a strategy has led to confrontations with local populations living in and around parks, whose rights to resource use have been hampered. The office’s incapacity to properly enforce rules and its attempts to work with rural communities, especially indigenous groups, have to some extent mitigated such tensions. It has further sought to enlist the support of the middle classes and been forced to deal with illegal armed groups on the left and the right, as well as the national army, vying for territorial control. Although parks have not fulfilled their ideal, they have fostered the notion that the nation has a natural patrimony and have contributed decisively to its conservation.

The Right to Asylum: Britain's 1905 Aliens Act and the Evolution of Refugee Law

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Bashford ◽  
Jane McAdam
Keyword(s):  
Forced Migration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Refugee Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right

From the 1880s, states and self-governing colonies in North and South America, across Australasia, and in southern Africa began introducing laws to regulate the entry of newly defined “undesirable immigrants.” This was a trend that intensified exclusionary powers originally passed in the 1850s to regulate Chinese migration, initially in the context of the gold rushes in California and the self-governing colony of Victoria in Australia. The entry and movement of other populations also began to be regulated toward the end of the century, in particular the increasing number of certain Europeans migrating to the United States. It is perhaps unsurprising, then, that Britain followed this legal trend with the introduction of the 1905 Aliens Act, although it was a latecomer when situated in the global context, and certainly within the context of its own Empire. The Aliens Act was passed in response to the persecution of Eastern European Jews and their forced migration, mainly from the Russian Empire into Britain. It defined for the first time in British law the notion of the “undesirable immigrant,” criteria to exclude would-be immigrants, and exemptions from those exclusions. The Aliens Act has been analyzed by historians and legal scholars as an aspect of the history of British immigration law on the one hand, and of British Jewry and British anti-Semitism on the other. Exclusion based on ethnic and religious grounds has dominated both analyses. Thus, the Act has been framed as the major antecedent to Britain's more substantial and enduring legislative moves in the 1960s to restrict entry, regulate borders, and nominate and identify “undesirable” entrants effectively (if not explicitly) on racial grounds.

International Peoples’ Tribunals in Asia: Political Theatre, Juridical Farce, or Meaningful Intervention?

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle SIMM ◽  
Andrew BYRNES
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Political Theatre ◽  
History Of ◽  
International Tribunals ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right

Since the 1960s, over eighty international peoples’ tribunals have been established outside formal state and international structures. Many have drawn on the forms and procedures of state-sponsored international tribunals and investigated whether states, international organizations, and transnational corporations have violated established norms of international law, while also seeking to infuse it with more progressive values. This paper first provides an overview of the history of international peoples’ tribunals in Asia, then examines three tribunals that have focused on situations in Asia. We argue that not only do peoples’ tribunals respond to a perceived gap in official structures of accountability, but they also perform other functions. These include building solidarity and networks, and recording and memorializing otherwise unacknowledged experiences. Further, such tribunals not only engage in holding states and others accountable informally but also articulate claims about the right of civil society to “own”, interpret, and develop international law.

scholarly journals Coral Reef Conservation Solution-Scape White Paper

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia Wenger ◽  
Gabby Ahmadia ◽  
Jorge Gabriel Álvarez-Romero ◽  
Megan Barnes ◽  
Jessica L. Blythe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Diverse Cultures ◽  
Rich History ◽  
Coral Reef Conservation

In the face of climate change, warming oceans, and repeated mass coral bleaching, coral reef conservation is at a timely crossroads. There is a new urgency to support and strengthen a rich history of conservation partnerships and actions, while also building toward new actions to meet unparalleled global threats. The goal of this white paper is to synthesize and summarize the diversity of tools, approaches and solutions for coral reef conservation implemented to date and to understand the enabling conditions that lead to successful coral reef conservation. Framed as a “solution-scape,” this white paper seeks to support ongoing decisions to strengthen existing assets and build new investments into portfolios of global coral reef conservation that are equitable and aligned with diverse cultures and worldviews. We conclude with 10 recommendations that focus on equitable conservation practices that will align successful interventions with diverse cultures and worldviews, help ensure that the right decisions are made, and strengthen investments into conservation portfolios that will lead to successful coral reef conservation.

The medical history of South Georgia

Polar Record ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-273
Author(s):  
Jennifer Keys ◽  
Henry Guly
Keyword(s):  
Medical History ◽  
Small Population ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Academic Texts ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
History Of ◽  
Whaling Industry ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Rich History ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACTThe first landing on South Georgia was made in 1775. Sealing expeditions arrived soon afterwards, and during the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries men plundered the beaches and seas surrounding the island for seals and whales. Sealing and whaling ceased in the 1960s, when declining whale numbers and the increasing use of other forms of oil made the industry uneconomical. Although an isolated island with a small population and a severe climate, South Georgia has a rich history. Its medical history has not been previously studied. This paper aims to look at some aspects of the medical history of the island, from early expeditions of discovery, through to the 20th century whaling industry. Surviving whalers and whaling doctors were interviewed. Published material with any relevance to South Georgia, including academic texts and personal memoirs, were searched for details of hospitals, doctors and medical events on the island. Documents archived in South Georgia, the Falkland Islands and the United Kingdom revealed much useful information, and occasional documents came to light from other sources. Aspects of the provision of medical services over two centuries from 1775 to the beginning of the 1960s are described. Morbidity and mortality are summarised and discussed, as are differences between medical care in South Georgia and standard care.

Symphony of a Short Film: A City Called Copenhagen

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Claire Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
High Water ◽  
Short Film ◽  
Restoration Techniques ◽  
Digital Restoration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Award ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Multiple Languages ◽  
Rich History

This chapter is devoted to a detailed account of the life cycle of one film, arguably the high water mark of Dansk Kulturfilm’s production: Jørgen Roos’ 1960 short A City Called Copenhagen. This film was nominated for an Academy Award in the Short Subject category. The commissioning process and funding negotiations for this film were prolonged and complex, and are referred to in the film itself, an example of its use of humour. The film was shot on the cusp of the 1960s, and so documents changes to the cityscape, including the presence of Arne Jacobsen’s SAS Hotel. A City Called Copenhagen also circulated very widely and in multiple languages, offering a rich history of distribution and reception. Shot on Eastmancolor stock, the film is an exemplar of how the material instantiation of informational films impacts on their life cycle, and illustrates how the use of digital restoration techniques can recover films for a new digital dispositif.

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