Bilateral Deep Vein Thrombosis Associated with Inferior Vena Cava Agenesis in a Young Patient Manifesting as Low Back Pain

Congenital absence of the inferior vena cava is a rare vascular anomaly, and most cases are asymptomatic. Nevertheless, patients with inferior vena cava malformations may have increased risk of deep venous thrombosis. Particularly, cases of bilateral deep venous thrombosis may arise owing to an insufficient collateral venous drainage from the lower limbs. We hereby describe a case of a previously healthy young male patient presenting with bilateral lower limb deep venous thrombosis as the initial clinical manifestation of congenital inferior vena cava agenesis. We conclude that in young patients presenting with deep venous thrombosis, especially when thrombosis occurs spontaneously, bilaterally, or recurrently, inferior vena cava anomalies should be thoroughly investigated and ruled out as appropriate.

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Thrombolysis for deep venous thrombosis associated with inferior vena cava agenesis in a young patient

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2019-229840 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. e229840

Author(s):

Selma Regina de Oliveira Raymundo ◽

Vanessa Souza Cabral ◽

Raissa Fortuna Cavalieri ◽

Fernando Reis Neto

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Mechanical Thrombectomy ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Young Patients ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Clot Removal ◽

The Common

Malformations of inferior vena cava (IVC) as agenesis are a rare congenital anomaly and cause of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of lower limbs and should be investigated in young patients of unknown aetiology. Treatment with mechanical thrombectomy and thrombolysis can be considered in certain cases of DVT, promoting rapid clot removal, and has also been shown to be an effective treatment in acute DVT. We present a case of acute lower limb DVT associated with IVC agenesis in which Alteplase thrombolysis was used and thrombus aspiration with catheter bilaterally, with subsequent angioplasty of the common and external iliac, obtaining satisfactory results.

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Incidental Finding of Inferior Vena Cava Atresia Presenting with Deep Venous Thrombosis following Physical Exertion

Case Reports in Emergency Medicine ◽

10.1155/2015/146304 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shalini Koppisetty ◽

Alton G. Smith ◽

Ravneet K. Dhillon

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Incidental Finding ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Physical Exertion ◽

Vascular Anomaly ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Venous Stasis

Inferior vena cava atresia (IVCA) is a rare but well described vascular anomaly. It is a rare risk factor for deep venous thrombosis (DVT), found in approximately 5% of cases of unprovoked lower extremity (LE) DVT in patients <30 years of age. Affected population is in the early thirties, predominantly male, often with a history of major physical exertion and presents with extensive or bilateral DVTs. Patients with IVC anomalies usually develop compensatory circulation through the collateral veins with enlarged azygous/hemizygous veins. Despite the compensatory circulation, the venous drainage of the lower limbs is often insufficient leading to venous stasis and thrombosis. We describe a case of extensive and bilateral deep venous thrombosis following physical exertion in a thirty-six-year-old male patient with incidental finding of IVCA on imaging.

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Our Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis Associated with Congenital Inferior Vena Cava Agenesis

Kosuyolu Heart Journal ◽

10.51645/khj.2021.m139 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hasan Erdem ◽

Emre Selçuk

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Medical Treatment ◽

Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Young Patients ◽

First Year ◽

Post Thrombotic Syndrome

Objectives: In this study, we present the treatment outcomes of patients with acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT) associated with congenital agenesis of the inferior vena cava (IVCA). Patients and Methods: In this retrospective study, the clinical findings and follow-up data of patients who were scheduled for an interventional procedure due to acute DVT in 2019-2021 and who were found to have IVCA in venography were analyzed retrospectively. Results: A total of 11 patients with acute DVT associated with IVCA were identified during the study period. Eight of the patients (72.7%) were male. The mean age of the patients was 25.5±6.5 years (16-36 years). Five of the patients were followed up with conservative medical treatment. Endovascular procedure was performed in six patients. At the end of the first year, moderate post-thrombotic syndrome was found in 1 patient and mild post-thrombotic syndrome was detected in 2 patients. Patients who received only medical treatment had a significantly higher Villalta score at the end of the first year than patients who received endovascular treatment (6.6±4.1 and 2.1±1.9, p=0.04). Conclusion: Congenital IVCA is a rare diagnosis that should be kept in mind in young patients with deep venous thrombosis. In these patients, endovascular approach may be effective to prevent postthrombotic syndrome.

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Extensive Deep Venous Thrombosis in a Young Male Patient as the First Manifestation of a Rare Venous Anomaly – Inferior Vena Cava Duplication: Case Report

Acta Clinica Croatica ◽

10.20471/acc.2017.56.02.19 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 338-343

Author(s):

Dražen Pulanić

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽

Male Patient ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Young Male ◽

Venous Anomaly

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Congenital Anomalies of Inferior Vena Cava in Young Patients with Iliac Deep Venous Thrombosis

Annals of Vascular Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.avsg.2010.07.007 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 265.e5-265.e8 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Gabrielle Sarlon ◽

Michel Alain Bartoli ◽

Cyril Muller ◽

Souad Acid ◽

Jean-Michel Bartoli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽

Congenital Anomalies ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Young Patients

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Perforation of inferior vena cava during filter placement

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000087 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 157-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Piecuch ◽

Wiewiora ◽

Nowowiejska-Wiewiora ◽

Szkodzinski ◽

Polonski

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Embolism ◽

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Retroperitoneal Hematoma ◽

Ivc Filter ◽

Filter Placement ◽

Therapeutic Method

The placement of an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter is a therapeutic method for selected patients with deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. However, insertion and placement of the filter may be associated with certain complications. For instance, retroperitoneal hematoma resulting from perforation of the wall by the filter is such a very rare but serious complication. We report the case of a 64-year-old woman with perforation of the IVC wall and consecutive hematoma caused by the filter who was treated surgically.

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