scholarly journals SERUM AFP (ALPHA FETO PROTEIN) LEVELS PROFILE OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA PATIENTS IN DR. SOETOMO GENERAL ACADEMIC HOSPITAL, SURABAYA, INDONESIA

2022 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Dyeneka Rustanti Indreswara Putri ◽  
Ummi Maimunah ◽  
Endang Retnowati
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Academic Hospital ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Tumor Number ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Common Etiology

Higlight:1. The USG results of AFP level can be used for early detection and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma that can prevent metastasis, progressivity, and recurrence. 2. The most common patients with high AFP levels are those with hepatitis B depending on etiology, younger age, male, gender, high SGOT level and BCLC B patients.Abstract:Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for more than 90% of liver cancer which is the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The incidence of HCC was 626.000 cases every year worldwide. Early detection and therapy can prevent metastasis, progressivity, and recurrence. AFP level ≥ 400 ng/ml and USG results can be used as a diagnosis parameter of hepatocellular carcinoma. Objective: To analyze the AFP level’s profile in hepatocellular carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Descriptive methods used in this study with data collected from medical records on patients that fulfilled the inclusion criteria in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia during the periods of 1st January 2013- December 31st 2015. This study used various variables such as age, gender, etiology and size of the tumor, number of a nodule, hepatic function with child classification, staging BCLC, and AFP level. Results: This study found that the 98 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with high AFP level or >400 ng/ml were dominated by younger patients with average age of 49.91 years, the most common etiology was hepatitis B (56.8%), poor results of laboratory tests (SGOT, SGPT), patients with all level of hepatic function based on Child-Pugh classification and staging B of the tumor (70.5%). Patients with normal AFP ≤20 ng/ml were dominated by female patients, with the most common etiology of fatty liver and others, and with BCLC A and C staging. Descriptively, there was no difference in AFP level based on the number of nodules and size of tumor. Conclusion: The most common patients with high AFP level are those who have hepatitis B as etiology, younger age, male gender, high SGOT level and BCLC B staging. Meanwhile, patients with normal AFP level dominated with female and non-hepatitis patients. In this research, we found no differences of AFP level based on number and size of tumor descriptively.

scholarly journals Blood-Based Biomarkers in Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Including the Viral Genome and Glycosylated Proteins

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (20) ◽  
pp. 11051
Author(s):  
Sanae Hayashi ◽  
Katsuya Nagaoka ◽  
Yasuhito Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Disease Specific ◽  
Glycosylated Proteins

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development and is a global public health issue. High performance biomarkers can aid the early detection of HCC development in HBV-infected individuals. In addition, advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of HBV infection and in clinical laboratory techniques have enabled the establishment of disease-specific tests, prediction of the progression of liver diseases, including HCC, and auxiliary diagnosis of HCC, using blood-based methods instead of biopsies of liver or HCC tissues. Viral factors such as the HBV genotype, HBV genetic mutations, HBV DNA, and HBV-related antigens, as well as host factors, such as tumor-associated proteins and post-translational modifications, especially glycosylated proteins, can be blood-based, disease-specific biomarkers for HCC development in HBV-infected patients. In this review, we describe the clinical applications of viral biomarkers, including the HBV genome and glycosylated proteins, for patients at a risk of HBV-related HCC, based on their molecular mechanisms. In addition, we introduce promising biomarker candidates for practical use, including colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), extracellular vesicles, and cell-free, circulating tumor DNA. The clinical use of such surrogate markers may lead to a better understanding of the risk of disease progression and early detection of HCC in HBV-infected patients, thereby improving their prognosis.

scholarly journals Circulating microRNAs for early detection of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simonetta Bandiera ◽  
Thomas F. Baumert ◽  
Mirjam B. Zeisel
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Circulating Micrornas

scholarly journals Predicting outcomes for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma within Milan criteria after complete radiofrequency ablation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242113
Author(s):  
Hsin-Yeh Chen ◽  
Sheng-Nan Lu ◽  
Chao-Hung Hung ◽  
Jing-Houng Wang ◽  
Chien-Hung Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Milan Criteria ◽  
Tumor Number ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Hcc Recurrence

Background Intrahepatic distant recurrence (IDR) is a significant problem for patients who have undergone radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The objective of the study was to investigate risk factors and to predict outcomes of recurrent IDR within Milan criteria after complete RFA for primary early-stage HCC. Method This retrospective study reviewed 449 patients with intrahepatic distant recurrent HCC after complete RFA for early-stage HCC. After excluding 100 patients who were beyond Milan criteria, with incomplete lab data, or had follow-up less than three months, a total of 349 patient cases were compiled and their baseline characteristics, further treatment modalities after tumor recurrence and survival were analyzed. Results After a median follow-up of 36.2 months, 92 patients had expired. The majority of patients were male (59.9%) with a median age of 64.3 years (range:38–88). The cumulative 5-year overall survival (OS) rates after treatment for recurrent HCC was 67.2%. On multivariate analysis, end-stage renal disease(Hazard ratio (H.R.) = 2.33, p = 0.021), m-ALBI grade 2a (H.R. = 2.86, p = 0.003) and m-ALBI grades 2b or 3 (H.R. = 2.30, p = 0.009), APRI greater than 1 (H.R. = 1.92, p = 0.036) and 2nd recurrence occurring within 1 year (H.R. = 2.69, p<0.001) were significantly associated with worse survival. The cumulative 5-year 2nd recurrence rate was 87.4%. On multivariate analysis, male gender (H.R. = 1.47, p = 0.01), age greater than 65 years (H.R. = 1.72, p<0.001), an alpha fetoprotein level greater than 20ng/ml (H.R. = 1.41, p = 0.016), surgical treatment for recurrent HCC (H.R. = 0.25, p = 0.007), tumor number greater than 1 (H.R. = 1.35, p = 0.046), and IDR developing within 2 years (H.R. = 1.67, p = 0.001) were prognostic factors for 2nd recurrence. Conclusion Our study suggested that presence of end-stage renal disease, m-ALBI grades 2 and 3, APRI >1 and time to 2nd HCC recurrence were all associated with overall survival while the 2nd HCC recurrence was associated with male gender, age ≥65 years, α-fetoprotein level >20 ng/mL, non-surgical therapy, time to IDR, and tumor number> 1.

scholarly journals Chemerin Is Induced in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth M. Haberl ◽  
Susanne Feder ◽  
Rebekka Pohl ◽  
Lisa Rein-Fischboeck ◽  
Kerstin Dürholz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Disease Etiology ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Chemerin is protective in experimental models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Noteworthy, chemerin mRNA and protein were reduced in HCC tissues of Asian patients with mostly hepatitis B disease etiology. The current study nevertheless showed that chemerin protein was induced in tumor tissues of European HCC patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and patients with unclear disease etiology. A similar regulation was observed in hepatitis B virus (HBV), but not in hepatitis C virus (HCV), related HCC. The apparent discrepancy between the regulation of chemerin in HBV-HCC obtained from our study and recent reports led us to use the chemerin antibodies applied in the previous assays. These antibodies could not equally detect different chemerin isoforms, which were overexpressed in HepG2 cells. Higher chemerin protein in HCC was nevertheless confirmed by the use of all antibodies. Chemerin protein was low in Huh7 and PLC/PRF/5 cells whereas HepG2 and Hep3B cells had chemerin protein similar as primary human hepatocytes. Besides, the anti-tumor effects of retinoids in hepatocyte cell lines did not enclose upregulation of chemerin, which was initially discovered as a tazarotene induced protein in the skin. Finally, protein levels of the chemerin receptor, chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), declined in non-viral, and tended to be lower in HBV-HCC tissues suggesting reduced chemerin activity in the tumors. To sum up, our work showed an opposite regulation of chemerin and CMKLR1 in NAFLD and HBV associated HCC. In HCV-HCC neither chemerin nor its receptor were changed in the tumor tissues. Current findings do not support a critical role of total chemerin protein levels in HCC of non-viral and viral etiology. Accordingly, tumor-localized chemerin protein was not associated with tumor-node-metastasis classification.

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