scholarly journals Understanding the Roles of Effectuation and Bricolage in the Opportunity Creation Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Samuel Chinyoka
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Discussion Section ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Entrepreneurial Action ◽  
Opportunity Creation

The process of entrepreneurship is identifying and exploiting opportunities. Entrepreneurial action can also result in forming, rather than merely encountering opportunities. Researchers, like Alvarez and Barney (2007), also distinguish two approaches to entrepreneurial action, discovery and creation. In opportunity creation, opportunities for entrepreneurial profit are formed endogenously through action.Effectuation processes focus on what can be done, given the capacity to influence and means at hand, to move toward a future endpoint. Effectuation was developed in the context of entrepreneurship and it assumes that an opportunity may arise through control-based strategies.Bricolage was initially described by Levi-Strauss (1967) as ‘making do with what’s on hand’. This was extended by Baker and Nelson (2005) and applied to the process of value creation. They observed that some entrepreneurs prefer to engage in a process of “making do by applying combinations of resources at hand to new problems and opportunities”.These are new concepts to most entrepreneurship researchers, yet extremely useful in the understanding of opportunity creation. This conceptual paper will assist in the understanding of these concepts, and clarify the roles of effectuation and bricolage in the opportunity creation framework. A discussion section should attempt to bring the concepts to reality by highlighting realistic examples.

scholarly journals Value creation in entrepreneurial education: towards a unified approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-113
Author(s):  
Colin Jones ◽  
Kathryn Penaluna ◽  
Andy Penaluna
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Competency Development ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current Thinking ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Authentic Development ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis paper aims to propose a unified framework for understanding the development and distribution of value within and from enterprise and entrepreneurship education. In doing so, the authors trace the origins of value creation pedagogy back 100 years and reconnect this lost literature to contemporary thinking as to what constitutes value creation pedagogy.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper identifies specific temporal-specific problems with current thinking in enterprise and entrepreneurship education vis-à-vis who gains the value from value creation pedagogies. To address this identified anomaly, the authors seek to develop a spectrum of value-creating activities/processes applicable to enterprise and entrepreneurship education. The underlying aim of this approach is to provide clarity around who specifically benefits from value creation pedagogies, how and when.FindingsIn developing a spectrum of value-creating activities/processes applicable to enterprise and entrepreneurship education, the authors have successfully located all major forms of value creation pedagogies in an iterative manner that caters to the authentic development of value for oneself and others. The proposed model assumes that the creation of authentic value for others should be preceded by the development of specific capabilities in the value creators.Practical implicationsThere are important implications that arise for all enterprise and entrepreneurship educators in the discussions presented here. Most importantly, value creation pedagogies should be fueled by the ongoing development of purpose, agency and capability via cultivated reflection.Originality/valueThis paper broadens the notion of what constitutes value creation pedagogy in enterprise and entrepreneurship education. In doing so, the authors elevate the importance of student creative competency development over value creation.

Growing up from In-Betweeners: Alternatives to Hybridity in Social Entrepreneurship Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Othmar Manfred Lehner ◽  
Christiana Weber
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Institutional Logics ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Potential Consequence ◽  
Entrepreneurship Research ◽  
Configuration Theory ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Social Ventures

AbstractSocial ventures (SVs) based on social entrepreneurship are often labeled in the literature as hybrids because of their inherent different institutional logics between social and commercial thinking. As one potential consequence, it is further argued that these not-yet institutionalized organizational forms lack legitimacy. In this conceptual paper, we articulate our concerns with this trend in social entrepreneurship research. We propose configuration theory as an alternative approach to move forward and argue that from a configurational lens such SVs can be identified as distinct, yet coherent configurations driven by their intrinsic and idiosyncratic value bundles and related value creation goals. We demonstrate how this helps overcome the raised concerns and contribute to the literature on social entrepreneurship and configuration theory.

scholarly journals Internal market orientation as a value creation mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achilleas Boukis
Keyword(s):  
Market Orientation ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Internal Market ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
A Value ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Internal Market Orientation ◽  
Value Creation Process

PurposeThis paper aims to re-examine the nature, aim and scope of internal market orientation (IMO) and introduce it as a value creation mechanism for the firm’s internal market. A service-dominant logic (SDL)-based perspective of the IMO notion is advanced, and the key steps and phases for value creation in the internal market are outlined.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper bridges the IM discourse with the SDL literature, and the latter’s implications for internal marketing theory and practice are discussed.FindingsDrawing on the premises of the SDL, IMO re-surfaces as an interconnected operant resource that can be enacted through performing three sets of activities central in the value creation process for internal stakeholders (i.e. value-identifying, value-generating and value-enhancing activities). These groups of relevant value-enabling activities required for IMO enactment are extensively discussed and their role in the value creation process is scrutinized.Originality/valueThis conceptual paper aspires to provide a managerially relevant understanding of value creation in the firm’s internal market. An SDL-driven understanding of IMO is advanced setting it as a value creation mechanism appealing to a wider range of organizations.

The service revolution and its marketing implications: service logic vs service-dominant logic

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Grönroos ◽  
Johanna Gummerus
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Service Dominant Logic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dominant Logic ◽  
Value Propositions ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Service Logic ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Managerial Level ◽  
Service Perspective

Purpose – The purpose of this conceptual paper is to analyse the implications generated by a service perspective. Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual analysis of two approaches to understanding service perspectives, service logic (SL) and service-dominant logic (SDL), reveals direct and indirect marketing implications. Findings – The SDL is based on a metaphorical view of co-creation and value co-creation, in which the firm, customers and other actors participate in the process that leads to value for customers. The approach is firm-driven; the service provider drives value creation. The managerial implications are not service perspective-based, and co-creation may be imprisoned by its metaphor. In contrast, SL takes an analytical approach, with co-creation concepts that can significantly reinvent marketing from a service perspective. Value gets created in customer processes, and value creation is customer driven. Ten managerial SL principles derived from these analyses offer theoretical and practical conclusions with the potential to reinvent marketing. Research limitations/implications – The SDL can direct researchers’ and managers’ views towards complex value-generation processes. The SL can analyse this process on a managerial level, to derive customer-centric, service perspective-based opportunities to reinvent marketing. Practical implications – The analysis and principles help marketing break free from offering only value propositions and become an organisation-wide responsibility. Firms must organise service-influenced marketing and create a customer focus among all employees, beyond conventional marketing. Originality/value – A service perspective on business has key managerial implications and enables researchers and managers to find new, customer-centric, service-influenced marketing approaches.

How much is enough? The role of effort in market shaping

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 1441-1451
Author(s):  
Gediminas Lipnickas ◽  
Jodie Conduit ◽  
Carolin Plewa ◽  
Dean Wilkie
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Future Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resource Density ◽  
Potential Resource ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Effort Reduction ◽  
Market Shaping

Purpose Market shaping research predominantly focusses on the activities of the market shaper, rather than the equally important roles of other market actors. Market shapers may enhance resource density and value creation within markets, yet such influences cannot exhaustively explain how markets get shaped. Other market actors also must and do exert effort in the value co-creation processes; this study aims to explore the effects of reducing their efforts, as a mechanism to facilitate market shaping. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper uses a theory adaptation approach to link value co-creation with market shaping and effort. It offers a conceptual framework and five propositions that outline the role of effort reduction in the value co-creation process to achieve market shaping. Findings The proposed conceptual framework indicates how enhanced resource density, resulting from the firm’s market shaping activities and reduced effort lead to enhanced value creation for market actors. Effort reduction can be achieved by reducing either the level of resource input required or the activities required to access, transform and combine resources to co-create value. Potential resource flows then may benefit the market shaper. Originality/value This research contributes to emergent market shaping literature by offering effort reduction as a viable tactic. Specifically, it broadens the scope of consideration of effort in value co-creation, and it advances understanding of resource density as a focal market shaping construct. The resultant framework offers a foundation for future market shaping research.

Intrapreneurship in teams/groups: self-determination theory and compensation

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subrata Chakrabarty
Keyword(s):  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Group Settings ◽  
Compensation Systems ◽  
Extrinsic Motivators ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Entrepreneurial Action ◽  
Intrinsic Motivators

PurposeThe literature on intrapreneurship recognizes the notion that regular employees can be expected to be entrepreneurial. Using self-determination theory as a basis, the purpose of this conceptual paper is to focus on the role of compensation systems in incentivizing entrepreneurial action by regular employees who constitute the bulk of the organizational workforce.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper suggests that greater clarity on the role of compensation systems in entrepreneurial action by regular employees would require an understanding of how entrepreneurial action happens through relationships among employees. An exploration of both compensation systems and the relationships among employees undertaking entrepreneurial action as part of team/group settings can deepen our understanding of intrapreneurship. Self-determination theory and relationship-focused theory allow for such an exploration.FindingsThe literature on self-determination theory, has identified the needs of autonomy and relatedness among employees. This conceptual paper will propose that the interaction between compensation systems and the needs for autonomy versus relatedness among employees determines the type of relationships chosen for entrepreneurial action. After the chosen type of relationships are formed and entrepreneurial action begins, challenges in the implementation of compensation systems are likely to emerge – distributive justice issues under individual based compensation and free-riding issues under team-based compensation. The entrepreneurial performance of the team/group will likely be influenced by the interaction between the challenges in the implementation of compensation systems and the type of relationships chosen for entrepreneurial action.Originality/valueThis conceptual paper gives a new direction to how collective entrepreneurial processes and outcomes can be understood. Self-determination theory and relationship-focused theory, in unison, can be useful in analyzing the role of intrinsic motivators, extrinsic motivators, and relationships during entrepreneurial action.

Impact value and sustainable, well-being centred service systems

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamish Simmonds ◽  
Aaron Gazley
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Impact Pathways ◽  
Systemic Impact ◽  
Analytical Extension ◽  
Service Ecosystems ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to develop impact value (IV), both theoretically and practically, to better account for the processes of value creation within complex service ecosystems. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper connects the complex systems nature of service ecosystems and the complexity of issues of sustainability and well-being to the need for a conceptual and analytical extension of value within service ecosystems. Findings This paper defines IV as enhancement or diminishment of the potential of stakeholders (beyond the service beneficiary), to transfer or transform resources in the future, based on direct and indirect involvement in the processes of value-in-exchange and value-in-use creation. Research limitations/implications This paper provides an initial exploration of the theoretical and practical extension of value through the IV concept. Practical implications Sustainable service ecosystems require actors to understand their role in the service process and account for the impact pathways of their value creation activities. This paper proposes a framework for developing sustainable strategies to account for IV. Originality/value This research expands service research’s core concept of value by integrating the complex systems nature of service ecosystems, sustainability and well-being. IV provides a means to address the systemic impact pathways of service and value creation processes and bridge idiosyncratic value-in-use and broader system viability concepts.

Extremes of acceptance: employee attitudes toward artificial intelligence

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Lichtenthaler
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Employee Attitudes ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
Conceptual Paper

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present paradoxical employee attitudes towards interacting with artificial intelligence (AI). Design/methodology/approach This is a conceptual paper, which builds on prior research, especially on the widely accepted notion of not-invented-here attitudes in technology adoption. Findings Many companies experience barriers in implementing AI owing to negative attitudes among their employees. This paper develops the concept of no-human-interaction attitudes, which describe employees’ preference to collaborate with real humans rather than having virtual colleagues. If they perceive a benefit from voluntarily using AI, however, many employees exhibit positive attitudes, leading to the concept of intelligent-automation attitudes. Jointly, these attitudes lead to the paradox that the same persons may have positive or negative attitudes to AI, depending on the particular situation. Firms need to address these attitudes because the interface of human and AI will be a key driver of competitive advantage in the future. Originality/value The new concepts of negative and positive employee attitudes contribute to our understanding of firms’ success and problems in implementing AI. Moreover, the paradox of negative and positive attitudes among the same employees helps to reconcile partly diverging findings in extant studies. A thorough understanding of the roots of these employee attitudes, along with several examples, further provides immediate starting points for actively influencing these attitudes in practice.

scholarly journals Consumer dominant value creation

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 532-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Boysen Anker ◽  
Leigh Sparks ◽  
Luiz Moutinho ◽  
Christian Grönroos
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Service Dominant Logic ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dominant Logic ◽  
Consumer Value ◽  
Conceptual Paper

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of the ontological and semantic foundations of consumer-dominant value creation to clarify the extent to which the call for a distinct consumer-dominant logic (CDL) is justified. This paper discusses consumer-driven value creation (value-in-use) across three different marketing logics: product-dominant logic (PDL), service-dominant logic (SDL) and CDL. PDL conceptualises value as created by firms and delivered to consumers through products. SDL frames consumer value as a function of direct provider-consumer interaction, or consumer-driven chains of action indirectly facilitated by the provider. Recently, the research focus has been turning to consumer-dominant value creation. While there is agreement on the significance of this phenomenon, there is disagreement over whether consumer-dominant value creation is an extension of SDL or calls for a distinct CDL. Design/methodology/approach – This is a conceptual paper, which is informed by five cases of consumer dominance. The cases are used to clarify rather than verify the analysis of the ontological and semantic underpinnings of consumer-dominant value creation. Findings – The ontological and semantic analysis demonstrates that PDL and SDL have insufficient explanatory power to accommodate substantial aspects of consumer-dominant value creation. By implication, this supports the call for a distinct CDL. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the ongoing theoretical debate over the explanatory power of SDL by demonstrating that SDL is unable to accommodate important ontological and semantic aspects of consumer-driven value creation.

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