scholarly journals The Potentials and Role of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Evaluating the Efficiency of Antitumor Treatment of Patients with Breast Liver Metastasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
А. B. Lukiyanchenko ◽  
B. М. Medvedeva ◽  
E. S. Kolobanova ◽  
К. A. Romanova ◽  
S. S. Magamedova
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Liver Metastasis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Intravenous Contrast ◽  
Enhanced Mri ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Abdominal Mri ◽  
Metastatic Process ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Mri

Objective. To compare the informative value of using dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) in patients with breast liver metastasis during chemotherapy.Material and methods. The investigation enrolled 30 patients with breast liver metastasis during their treatment. The results of standard intravenous contrast-enhanced abdominal MRI studies (by evaluating the liver in the arterial, venous, and delayed phases) were compared with those of DW-MRI with different B-factor values (50, 400 and 800 sec/mm2).Results. Comparison of the findings of initial studies prior to chemotherapy (those of only dynamic intravenous contrast-enhanced MRI and only DW-MRI) revealed a complete correspondence with the number of detected foci in 10 patients. Ten patients had a larger number of metastatic foci at DW-MRI than at intravenous contrast-enhanced MRI, in the aggregate by 44 foci more (of them 36 foci measured less than 1 cm). The remaining 10 of the 30 patients were found to have multiple, unquantifiable (more than 20–40) metastatic foci of various sizes (1–6 cm) at both intravenous contrast-enhanced MRI and DW-MRI. Nineteen of the 30 patients were followed up during their chemotherapy. Seven of the 19 patients showed a stabilized liver metastatic process that was similarly evidenced by both techniques. Eleven of the 19 patients were observed to have a progressive metastatic process that was reflected by the similar increase in the number and size of metastases in 5 of the 11 patients, as shown by both of the above techniques. In the remaining 6 of the 11 patients, the number of newly detected liver tumors proved to be larger at DW-MRI than at intravenous contrast-enhanced MRI. Both techniques showed that the last patient of the 19 cases had a decrease in the number of small liver metastases that maintained their sizes (less than 1 cm).Conclusion. DW-MRI has been shown to be much more effective in detecting metastases than conventional intravenous contrast-enhanced MRI, which necessitates the inclusion of this technique in standard abdominal MRI protocols for patients with liver metastasis.

scholarly journals Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Pediatric Patients: Review and Recommendations for Current Practice

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. MRI.S12561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Bhargava ◽  
Gabriele Hahn ◽  
Wolfgang Hirsch ◽  
Myung-Joon Kim ◽  
Hans-Joachim Mentzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Enhanced Mri ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Mri

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), frequently with contrast enhancement, is the preferred imaging modality for many indications in children. Practice varies widely between centers, reflecting the rapid pace of change and the need for further research. Guideline changes, for example on contrast-medium choice, require continued practice reappraisal. This article reviews recent developments in pediatric contrast-enhanced MRI and offers recommendations on current best practice. Nine leading pediatric radiologists from internationally recognized radiology centers convened at a consensus meeting in Bordeaux, France, to discuss applications of contrast-enhanced MRI across a range of indications in children. Review of the literature indicated that few published data provide guidance on best practice in pediatric MRI. Discussion among the experts concluded that MRI is preferred over ionizing-radiation modalities for many indications, with advantages in safety and efficacy. Awareness of age-specific adaptations in MRI technique can optimize image quality. Gadolinium-based contrast media are recommended for enhancing imaging quality. The choice of most appropriate contrast medium should be based on criteria of safety, tolerability, and efficacy, characterized in age-specific clinical trials and personal experience.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging findings in 11 cases of dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma of the uterus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nao Kikkawa ◽  
Kimiteru Ito ◽  
Hiroshi Yoshida ◽  
Mayumi Kobayashi Kato ◽  
Yuko Kubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Endometrial Carcinoma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Intratumoral Hemorrhage ◽  
Enhanced Mri ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Mri

Abstract Purpose We evaluated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma (DEC), comprising undifferentiated carcinoma and low-grade endometrioid carcinoma. Materials and methods We recruited 11 patients with pathologically proven DEC treated at our institute. We evaluated primary lesion size, location and signal intensity on MRI, and prognosis. MRI and pathological findings were compared in eight resected patients. Results Primary tumors ranged from 16 to 206 mm in diameter. DEC was located at the endometrium in 9 of the 11 patients; the remaining two patients showed diffuse involvement of the enlarged myometrium. These two patients with diffuse involvement type died within 4 months. Of the eight patients who underwent resection, seven had macroscopic intratumoral hemorrhage and six showed a high signal on T1-weighted images or low signal on T2-weighted images. Of the eight resected patients, four had tumor necrosis > 25% and tumor size > 5 cm. In these patients, necrosis appeared as nonenhanced areas on contrast-enhanced MRI. Conclusion MRI findings of DEC showed two patterns: mass-forming type and diffuse myometrial type with poor prognosis. Most patients with DEC had intratumoral hemorrhage, and large tumors (> 5 cm) had gross necrosis, which appeared as nonenhanced areas on contrast-enhanced MRI.

scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of contrast enhanced MRI pelvis in differentiating indeterminate adnexal lesions into benign and malignant with histopathological correlation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 846
Author(s):  
Sorath Murtaza ◽  
Junaid Iqbal ◽  
Saad Ahmed ◽  
Ashraf Amir Ali ◽  
Marya Hameed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Histopathological Correlation ◽  
Enhanced Mri ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Mri

Background: The objective of our study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging pelvis in differentiating indeterminate adnexal lesions into benign and malignant, while considering histopathological examinations as the gold standard.Methods: A total 880 patients who underwent contrast enhanced MRI pelvis in our institute from January 2014 to June 2016 were prospectively analyzed.Results: A total of 880 women were included in this study, of which 782 (88.8%) were younger than 50 years and 98 (11.1%) were older than 50 years. Mean patient age was 56.7 years and mean tumor size was 4.38 cm. There were 648 (73.60%) patients who had a tumor size of >4 cm, and 337 (38.29%) of these tumors were found to be malignant. Furthermore, tumors smaller than 4 cm in size were observed in 232 (26.36%) of patients, of which tumors in 225 (25.56%) patients were benign.Conclusions: The diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced MRI was found to be significantly high (79.65%) in differentiating indeterminate adnexal lesions into benign and malignant lesions.

scholarly journals Reliability of NI-RADS criteria in the interpretation of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging considering the potential role of diffusion-weighted imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Henry Jürgen Elsholtz ◽  
Christoph Erxleben ◽  
Hans-Christian Bauknecht ◽  
Patrick Dinkelborg ◽  
Kilian Kreutzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Enhanced Mri ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Interreader Agreement ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Mri

Abstract Objectives To assess inter- and intrareader agreement of the Neck Imaging Reporting and Data System (NI-RADS) used in contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including analysis of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), which is currently not part of the NI-RADS criteria. Methods This retrospective study included anonymized surveillance contrast-enhanced MRI datasets of 104 patients treated for different head and neck cancers. Three radiologists experienced in head and neck imaging reported findings for the primary site and the neck using NI-RADS criteria in a first step and evaluated DWI sequences for the primary site in a second step. Thirty randomly selected imaging datasets were again presented to the readers. Kappa statistics and observed agreement (Ao) were calculated. Results Interreader agreement across all MRI datasets was moderate (κFleiss = 0.53) for NI-RADS categories assigned to the primary site, substantial for NI-RADS categories of the neck (κFleiss = 0.67), and almost perfect for DWI of the primary site (κFleiss = 0.83). Interreader agreement for the primary site was particularly low in cases of cancer recurrence (κFleiss = 0.35) and when categories 2a, 2b, and 3 were combined (κFleiss = 0.30). Intrareader agreement was considerably lower for NI-RADS categories of the primary site (range Ao = 53.3–70.0%) than for NI-RADS categories of the neck (range Ao = 83.3–90.0%) and DWI of the primary site (range Ao = 93.3–100.0%). Conclusion Interreader agreement of NI-RADS for reporting contrast-enhanced MRI findings is acceptable for the neck but limited for the primary site. Here, DWI has the potential to serve as a reliable additional criterion. Key Points • NI-RADS was originally designed for contrast-enhanced computed tomography with or without positron emission tomography but can also be used for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging alone. • Overall interreader agreement was acceptable for NI-RADS categories assigned to the neck but should be improved for the primary site, where it was inferior to DWI; similar tendencies were found for intrareader agreement. • DWI is currently no criterion of NI-RADS, but has shown potential to improve its reliability, especially for categories 2a, 2b, and 3 of the primary site.

scholarly journals INTRAVENOUS CONTRAST ENHANCED MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MR) BASED ADJUNCT IMAGING METHODS IN PERIANAL FISTULOGRAPHY: A NARRATIVE REVIEW

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Dr Shyam Kumar. N* ◽  
Dr Padhmini. B ◽  
Lokesh Kumar. T
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Intravenous Contrast ◽  
Contrast Resolution ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Good Contrast

MRI is the gold standard in estimating perianal stulae owing to its ability to depict the anatomy of the sphincter musculature with good contrast resolution. In this review we present on MRI ndings in perianal stulae. Also, clinical implications and comparison of MR stulography with adjunct diagnostic techniques are presented in this review.

The Imaging Performances of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2192-2197
Author(s):  
Zhong Xin ◽  
Xiangdang Long ◽  
Hongtian Chen ◽  
Yongjun Hu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma ◽  
Enhanced Mri ◽  
Ultrasound Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

Objective: To compare the imaging performances of contrast-enhanced ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), thereby explore their values and significances in clinical practices of diagnosing extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: A total of 56 patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma were included as research objects. All the patients underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination, enhanced MRI examination, and multi-slice helical CT (MSCT) examination. The major contents of analysis and observation included the location of the lesion, the range, the features of blood flow signal, the echoes of lesions at various phases, the enhancement levels, and the morphology. Then, the tabu search algorithm was applied to reconstruct the images, thereby completing the construction of the image objective function. Results: In terms of histopathological typing, 9 papillary adenocarcinomas, 22 invasive adenocarcinomas, and 25 poorly-to-moderate differentiated adenocarcinomas were found. In terms of ultrasound results, 27 lesions were isoechoic, 23 lesions were hypoechoic, and 6 lesions were hyperechoic. In terms of MRI results, 66% of the patients had hyperechoic lesions during the arterial phase, and 55.1% of the patients had isoechoic lesions during the portal phase. During the delay phase, 30.3% of the patients had isoechoic lesions, and 58.9% of the patients had hyperechoic lesions. Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound, CT, and MRI had magnificent values and significance in the clinical diagnosis of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, which could be widely applied in the diagnosis and treatment of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. In addition, the contrast-enhanced ultrasound and CT could be used as an effective supplementary basis for enhanced MRI diagnosis. These three diagnostic methods had respective advantages and could be used in combination.

scholarly journals ADNEXAL MASSES;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasira Sultana ◽  
Faran Nasrullah ◽  
Shahlisa Hameedi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Transabdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Adnexal Masses ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Mri

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of transabdominal ultrasonography and contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, in the differentiation of benign and malignant adnexal masses. Study Design: A prospective comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Radiology and Imaging (AFIRI), Rawalpindi from 16 Jun 2015 to 15Jun 2016. Methodology: 61 female patients with adnexal masses, irrespective of age, were evaluated with transabdominal ultrasonography and contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This was followed by surgery (either laporotomy or laproscopy) or ultrasound guided biopsy and then histopathology to characterize them as benign or malignant masses. Results: Diagnostic accuracy of contrast enhanced MRI for characterization of adnexal masses was 90.1%, while that of transabdominal ultrasonography was 72.1 %. Sensitivity and specificity of transabdominal ultrasonography was 100 % and 54 % respectively while positive predictive value was 58.5 % and negative predictive value was 100 %. Sensitivity and specificity of MRI was 95.8 % and 86.4 % respectively while positive predictive value was 82.1% while negative predictive value was 96.9 %. Conclusion: Contrast enhanced MRI has a superior diagnostic accuracy as compared to transabdominal ultrasonography in the characterization of adnexal masses into benign and malignant, which influences the mode of treatment and clinical outcome.

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