L'hydrolyse des hétérosides terpéniques du Muscat a petits grains par les enzymes périplasmiques de Saccharomyces cerevisiae
<p style="text-align: justify;">Osidases located in periplasmic space of <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> are able to hydrolyse monoterpenes heterosides of Muscat grapes. To prepare the periplasmic extract, yeast cell walls are digested with <em>Zymolyase</em> in the presence of an osmotic protector to prevent lysis of the resulting protoplasts; periplasmic enzymes are liberated into the supernatant medium. Monoterpenes heterosides are incubated 48 or 72 hours at 25° C with either intact yeast cells or periplasmic enzymatic extract. Monoterpenes, especially gerianol and nerol, are liberated in these conditions. β-glucosidase activity seems to play an important rôle in these reactions.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Fungal extracellular β-glucosidases are commonly strongly inhibited by glucose. Surprisingly, the activity of periplasmic yeast β-glucosidase is quite glucose independant. These results suggest that some periplasmic enzymes from yeast may be involved in the hydrolysis of varietal aroma precursors in wines.</p>