scholarly journals Notas sobre a liderança de Dom Sebastião Leme no Brasil

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (14) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Francisco Antonio de Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Historical Survey ◽  
Brazilian State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

Este arigo apresenta o papel de Dom Sebastião Leme, de 1916 a 1942, na reaproximação entre Igreja e Estado, no Brasil. Para uma melhor compreensão do problema, parte-se de um levantamento histórico de como esta relação ocorreu no país, desde a chegada dos portugueses, em 1500, até a Constituição de 1891, que confirmou a separação entre Igreja e Estado com o advento da Proclamação da República. Na sequência, reflete-se sobre a Pastoral de 1916, documento em que Dom Leme, recém nomeado Arcebispo de Olinda, desponta como líder católico capaz de lutar em prol dos interesses da Igreja. Finalmente, mostra-se o papel de Dom Leme, de 1916 a 1942, fundamental para reaproximar a Igreja católica e o Estado Brasileiro. This paper presents the role of Dom Sebastião Leme, 1916-1942, in the rapprochement between Church and State, in Brazil. For a better understanding of the problem, it starts with a historical survey of how this relationship happened in the country since the arrival of the Portuguese in 1500 until the Constitution of 1891 which confirmed the separation of Church and State with the advent of the Republic. It also reflects on the Pastoral of 1916, a document in which Dom Leme, newly appointed Archbishop of Olinda, emerges as Catholic leader fighting for the interests of the Church. Finally, it shows the role carried out by Dom Leme, from 1916 to 1942, which was fundamental to reunite the Catholic Church and the Brazilian State. 

Conclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 292-304
Author(s):  
Jennifer Walker
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Popular Theatre ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Catholic Church

Taking the 1903 death of Pope Leo XIII as its starting point, the conclusion extends beyond the legal separation of Church and State (1905) in order to trace the ways in which the processes of transformation that were set in motion during the late nineteenth century continued well into the twentieth century. Pierre Nora’s concept of the lieu de memoire illuminates the numerous ways that the sites of Catholic and French memory that the book explores—whether as opera, popular theatre, or concert—found an extraordinary ally in the Republic as it collectively harnessed the power of memory. From its “origin” in the French medieval era, to its transformations throughout the fin-de-siècle, to the response to the devastating fire at Notre-Dame in 2019, the Catholic Church provided (and continues to provide) a new mode of expression for the French Republic. In effect, the success of the twentieth-century renouveau catholique was set in motion by its nineteenth-century forbear: the path was paved by the Republic’s musical Ralliement and the memorialization of its Catholic past as a fundamental cornerstone of its modern existence.

Bridging the Gap between Orthodoxy and Orthopraxis: The Catholic Church’s Concern for Migrants

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Reginald Alva
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

Migration is a global phenomenon. An essential part of the mission of the Catholic Church is to love Christ particularly in the poor and the weak, which includes migrants. The Magisterium of the Church has consistently stressed reaching out to migrants. However, issuing documents would mean nothing if Christians do not implement them in letter and spirit. Christian charity would be meaningless if it remains only as a part of orthodoxy without orthopraxis. The phenomenal rise in global migration has created unfavorable conditions for many migrants. The Church being an ‘expert in humanity’ has a great task to reach out to the least in the society.1 In this article, we shall examine the role of the Catholic Church in bridging the gap between the orthodoxy and orthopraxis in their mission for migrants. We shall base our study on the documents of the Church and actual cases of migrant ministry in the Church.

Revolutionary Exhumations in Spain, July 1936

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Lincoln
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

In the first weeks of the Spanish civil war, there occurred massive popular assaults against the Catholic Church in those cities which did not fall to the Nationalists rising, the Church having been widely (and correctly) perceived as hostile to the Republic and sympathetic to the generals who sought its overthrow. As rumors of priests firing on the populace from church towers circulated wildly, churches and convents were rapidly sacked and burnt. Supporters of the Republic killed religious personnel in large numbers—certainly well into the thousands—while desecrating and destroying church paraphernalia and cultic objects en masse.

scholarly journals Kościół katolicki i neopogaństwo niemieckie w myśli Leona Halbana

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
Ryszard Polak
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
European Culture ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

THE CATHOLIC CHURCH AND GERMAN NEOPAGANISM IN LEON HALBAN’S THOUGHTThis article presents the views of Leon Halban referring to the problems of German religiosity. In the first part of the article, the family and the character and the academic achievements of this scholar were characterized. In the next part of the article, his views on the role of the Catholic Church in European culture were analyzed and his position in which he made a critical assessment of German religiosity was presented. Halban assumed that the Christianity practiced by Germans since the Middle Ages did not result from their authentic conversion. The Germans were often religiously indifferent and tended to fall into various heresies and deviations from faith. They also sought to achieve supremacy of the state over the Church in public life and law. Halban argued that a renewal of morality can only be achieved in the Catholic Church, whose ethical principles and doctrine should be propagated and applied in everyday life.

scholarly journals Bringing the Church Back In: Ecclesiastical Influences on the Rise of Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 213-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen Møller
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Multistate System ◽  
High Middle Ages ◽  
European Development ◽  
Bureaucratic Institutions ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Church

AbstractRecently, political scientists and economists have redoubled their attempts to understand the “Rise of Europe.” However, the role of the Catholic Church has been curiously ignored in most of this new research. The medieval West was shot through with Catholic values and institutions, and only by factoring in the Church can we understand the peculiar European development from the high Middle Ages onward. More particularly, the 11th century “crisis of church and state” set in train a series of developments that were crucial for the Rise of Europe. The Church was the main locale in which the development of representation, consent, and early bureaucratic institutions took place, and it contributed to creating, integrating, and maintaining the European multistate system. This note demonstrates that current scholarship has failed to factor in ecclesiastical influences and it shows how these gaps can be filled by a more careful reading of prior historical scholarship.

Feminism and Womanism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Veeneman
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Male Privilege ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
God's Grace ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

This chapter investigates feminist and womanist approaches to theologies of the sacraments in which sacraments are “events in the church in which God’s grace is made present to the community.” Citing the work of Susan Ross, Elizabeth Johnson, and others, the author posits the need for theologies of the sacraments to be reworked in light of the experience of women, particularly regarding the sacraments of Ordination and Eucharist. Ordained clergy should relate the Eucharist to ministry to the poor and hungry. In addition, the patriarchal framework that undergirds male privilege in the Catholic Church has resulted in misunderstanding both the maleness of Jesus and the possible role of women to serve as ordained clergy. Ultimately reevaluating theologies of the sacraments from a feminist and womanist perspective is for the sake of empowering worship and furthering mission in the world.

Catholicism and the Catholic Church

2019 ◽  
pp. 167-186
Author(s):  
Paul Rusnock ◽  
Jan Šebestík
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

Bolzano’s engagement with Catholicism and the Church was both theoretical and practical. In his Lehrbuch der Religionswissenschaft, he examined Catholicism in light of the conceptual tools he had developed for the study of religions in general. Practically, his concern was to develop interpretations of Catholic teachings that would be compatible with the demands of reason but also maximally conducive to the virtue and happiness of those who accepted them. In many cases, these interpretations put him at odds with strong conservative currents of Catholic opinion. The focus in this chapter is on a relatively small number of points in Bolzano’s presentation of Catholicism which the authors think are especially interesting from a philosophical point of view. In particular, the subjects discussed are his conception of miracles and revelation, the constraints he places on the interpretation of revealed doctrines, the role of consensus in Catholicism, and the sources and kinds of authority within the Church. (150 words)

Separating Church and State in Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-84
Author(s):  
Michael W. Homer
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
The Public ◽  
Civil Marriage ◽  
Public Announcement ◽  
Pius Ix ◽  
Pope Pius Ix ◽  
Official Status ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

In 1852 King Victor Emmanuel’s ministers proposed legislation to recognize civil marriages in the Kingdom of Sardinia (Piedmont). This proposal was opposed by Pope Pius IX and other Catholic apologists who argued that it would result in undermining the official status of the Catholic Church and one of the church’s sacraments. Even worse it would mean that Jewish and Protestant marriages would be recognized. This legislation coincided with Mormon missionaries proselytizing in Torino and the public announcement that the church practiced polygamy. Catholic opponents of this legislation argued that even Mormon polygamous marriages would be recognized if the legislation passed. During fierce debates that took place Catholic apologists also claimed that Mormons formed alliances with other Protestant “sects” to push through the civil marriage litigation. The specter of Mormon plural marriages in a civil marriage system continued to be mentioned until civil marriages were finally recognized in 1865.

Defending Catholic Education: Secular Front Organizations during the Second Republic of Spain, 1931–1936

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 848-876
Author(s):  
Kathy Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Education ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Religious Schools ◽  
Religious Orders ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Spanish Society ◽  
Religious Question ◽  
The Church

“The religious question” regarding the role of the Catholic Church in Spanish society shaped the often contentious relationship between the Church and state. This relationship entered a new chapter with the coming of the Second Republic and the passage of the 1931 constitution. Among the legislation aimed at implementing the articles of the constitution was the 1933 Law of Confessions and Congregations that outlawed schools run by religious orders. Despite this law, most religious schools remained open. Using three schools of the Sisters of the Company of Mary in the cities of Tudela, Valladolid, and Tarragona, this article shows how orders adapted under the new government. One of the Church's primary tactics was to establish front organizations directed by the laity that permitted the religious orders to circumvent the law in order to maintain their schools.

Communist Authorities and Missionary Activities in Poland, 1945-1990s

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-310
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw Rozanski
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Causal Explanation ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Missionary Movement ◽  
State Relations ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

AbstractMissionary activities were very strong in Poland before the Second World War. The establishment of a Communist regime after 1945 led to a break in the number of missionaries sent worldwide and, soon after, to a liquidation of all missionary institutions in the country. Because the Catholic Church was very strong, the state did not dare to launch an immediate and frontal attack on the church until 1947. From 1948 however, a full-blown campaign against the church began with nationalization, imprisonments and prohibitions, notably of mission activities. After 15 years, however, some forms of compromise between church and state began to appear. This allowed the Church to rebuild its missionary movement – as of 1965. The year 1980 saw the emergence of the Solidarity movement and the begining of the unmaking of Communism. It led to a revitalization of missionary activities and a normalization of church and state relations, particularly after 1989. The present article describes these developments, establishes a chronology and tries a first causal explanation of the decline and subsequent return of missions in Poland. It also looks at the inheritance of the Communist period for the Catholic Church in Poland.

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