scholarly journals Approach to the analysis and comparison of national innovation systems on the example of Russia and other countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 434-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Afanasiev ◽  
M. A. Lysenkova
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Econometric Modeling ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Country Comparison ◽  
China And Japan ◽  
Innovation Space ◽  
The Impact

Currently, there is a tendency to evaluate the innovation system at the national level. Qualitative inter-country comparison requires quantitative and qualitative assessment of the factors influencing the innovation activity of the region. The purpose of this work was to justify quantitatively the impact of science and business on the innovation activity of the region. International patent applications are selected as an indicator reflecting the result of innovation activity in the region. Statistical hypothesis testing is carried out in this paper. The dependence between the results of innovation activity and innovation space of the region is confirmed by the methods of econometric modeling. The innovation space of the region is described in the work as a set of potential links between business and organizations that create new knowledge. The study used the official statistics of the regions of such countries as Russia, Switzerland, USA, China and Japan. Estimates of parameters of national and regional innovation systems of the Russian Federation, Switzerland, the USA, China and Japan are received by methods of econometric modeling. It is shown that the assessment of elasticity and technical efficiency of the innovation space of the region indicate the development of the innovation system. In the considered time range it is established that the Pareto-optimality property is possessed by the parameters of innovation systems of Japan, China and Switzerland. Estimates of the technical efficiency of the innovation space for a total of 190 regions according to 2012, a comparative analysis of the countries on the basis of the estimates. The paper provides a rationale for the use of parametric descriptions of national and regional innovation systems. This description can be used for cross-country comparison of the impact of science and business on the results of innovation activity, clustering of national innovation systems.

scholarly journals Institutional Management Elaboration through Cognitive Modeling of the Balanced Sustainable Development of Regional Innovation Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Anna A. Firsova ◽  
Elena L. Makarova ◽  
Ryasimya R. Tugusheva
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Cognitive Modeling ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Regional Innovation System ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Institutional Management ◽  
The Impact

The main aim of this research was to search for relevant indicators and effective instruments for modeling the impact and institutional management of the regional innovation system for its balanced development. The objective of the study was to justify approaches for institutional management elaboration for balanced sustainable development of regional innovation systems regarding related factors and the needs of the region. The methodology of cognitive modeling and scenario impulse modeling are used for the analysis of the interconnection between the regional innovation system and higher education institutions and developing an instrument to diagnose the problems of no-congruence and improving the institutional management elaboration in the regional innovation policy. The analysis of system indicators of the cognitive map allowed to define the basic patterns in the regional system, determine the most significant factors and relationships for the economic system of the region and visualize them in the form of a cognitive map, identify the influence of the innovation environment elements on the target indicators, quantify its positive and negative impact, forecast and determine the directions of its improvement and enhancing the interaction of regional actors. The results of the study have practical value for use in improving institutional management in planning reforms and transformations of regional innovation systems.

scholarly journals A SYSTEM APPROACH TO ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF REGIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS IN THE CONCEPT OF STATISTICAL SUSTAINABILITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 562-569
Author(s):  
Marat Rashitovich Safiullin ◽  
Sergey Valentinovich Chekhlomin ◽  
Anna Vladimirovna Aksyanova
Keyword(s):  
System Approach ◽  
System Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Regional Innovation System ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Statistical Variation

Purpose: The paper deals with the assessment and analysis of regional innovation systems. It is noted that the quantitative criterion of innovation effectiveness as the degree of influence of resources spent on obtaining the target result is practically not used in the analysis of the development of regional economic systems. Methodology: The issues of quantitative measurement of the effectiveness, performance, and sustainability of the regional innovation system development are considered. According to the methodology proposed by the authors based on an assessment of the materiality and sustainability of statistical relationships between factor and result indicators of innovation activity, a multidimensional statistical analysis concerning the development of the Russian Federation regions by the level of innovative activity was carried out. Result: The principle of division of the space formed by innovative activity features according to their functional significance in the system is formulated. A method of identifying sustainable relationships between elements of a regional innovation system within the process approach concept has been tested. Special groups of factors that have a statistically significant effect on innovation activity are identified. Methods for calculating effectiveness and performance indexes in categories of statistical variation are proposed. The differentiation of regions by the innovative development determinants is revealed. The conclusions about the feasibility of applying the presented methodology for a reliable assessment of the effectiveness of regional innovation system development are made. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of A system approach to assessing the effectiveness of regional innovation systems in the concept of statistical sustainability is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.

scholarly journals Regional Innovation Systems in Poland: How to classify them?

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 987-1003
Author(s):  
Dorota Ciołek ◽  
Anna Golejewska ◽  
Adriana Zabłocka-Abi Yaghi
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
And Performance

The literature emphasises the role of regional and local innovation environment. Regional Innovation Systems show differences in innovation outputs determined by different inputs. Understanding these relationships can have important implications for regional and innovation policy. The research aims to classify Regional Innovation Systems in Poland according to their innovation capacity and performance. The analysis covers 72 subregions (classified as NUTS 3 in the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) in 2004–2016. Classes of Regional Innovation Systems in Poland were identified based on a combination of linear and functional approaches and data from published and unpublished sources. It was assumed that innovation systems in Poland differ due to their location in metropolitan and non-metropolitan regions, thus, the Eurostat NUTS 3 metro/non-metro typology was applied for this purpose. Panel data regressions as models with individual random effects were estimated separately for metropolitan and non-metropolitan groups of subregions. The study identified common determinants of innovation outputs in both NUTS 3 types: share of innovative industrial enterprises, industry share, unemployment rate, and employment in research and development. Next, NUTS 3 were classified within each of two analysed types in line with output- and input-indices, the latter being calculated as non-weighted average of significant inputs. Last, the subregions were clustered based on individual inputs to enable a more detailed assessment of their innovation potential. The cluster analysis using k-means method with maximum cluster distance was applied. The results showed that the composition of the classes identified within metropolitan and non-metropolitan systems in 2004– 2016 remains unstable, similarly to the composition of clusters identified by inputs. The latter confirms the changes in components of the capacity within both Regional Innovation System types. The observed situation allows us to assume that Regional Innovation Systems in Poland are evolving. In further research, the efficiency of Regional Innovation Systems should be assessed, taking into account the differences between metropolitan and non-metropolitan regions as well as other environmental factors that may determine the efficiency of innovative processes.

scholarly journals Propuesta de un Método para la Aplicación de un Modelo de Simulación Basada en Agentes del Sistema Regional de Innovación

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Embuz ◽  
J D Fernández-Ledesma
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation System ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Regional Systems ◽  
Project Analysis ◽  
Los Grupos

Este artículo propone un método que permite aplicar de forma práctica, precisa y efectiva un Modelo de Simulación Basado en Agentes del Sistema Regional de Innovación (SRI), el cual ha sido desarrollado dentro del Proyecto “Análisis de la Estructura, relaciones y dinámicas de agentes de los Sistemas Regionales de Innovación” liderado por los Grupos de Investigación GISAI y GTI pertenecientes a la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana sede Medellín. Esta propuesta de método está centrada en una revisión de las necesidades más relevantes de los Sistemas Regionales de Innovación y cómo éstas deben ser suplidas paso a paso a través de la estructura del Modelo de Simulación en su aplicación. AbstractThis paper describes a method of applying a simulation model based on Agents of Regional Innovation System (SRI), which has beendeveloped within the project "Analysis of the structure, relationships and dynamics of agents of the Regional Systems described innovation"led by GISAI Research Groups and belonging to the Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana in Medellín GTI. This proposed method is focusedon a review of the most important needs of the Regional Innovation Systems and how they should be met step by step through the structure of the simulation model in its application.  

Regional Innovation Systems: Finland’s Experience

2012 ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
V. Pchelintsev
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Innovation Policies

The paper examines governmental strategies, main actors and instruments of innovation policies shaping innovation-driven economy in Finland, with particular attention to the regional scale. The analysis focuses on how the regional innovation systems approach became a framework for the design of innovation policies. An innovation system involves cooperation between firms and knowledge creating and diffusing organizations, – such as universities, colleges, training organizations, R&D-institutes, technology transfer agencies. Innovations are considered as interactive learning process. Cooperation and interaction between regional/local and national/international actors is necessary to combine both local and non-local knowledge, skills and competences. The key elements of the policy environment, as well as implementation of the main regional innovation policy instruments – the Centers of Expertise Programme and Regional Centre Programme – are described.

Israel

2010 ◽  
pp. 272-280
Author(s):  
Edna Pasher ◽  
Sigal Shachar
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Critical Success

This chapter focuses on knowledge based development in regions, based on Israel’s experience. Israel, a small country in the Middle East, is a very unique case of a knowledge based region. The authors have extensively studied Israel as an innovative region in different contexts. Since 1998 they published three Israel Intellectual Capital Reports for the Israeli Government. During 2007 the authors led a study for the European Commission focused on regional innovation systems. This study has aimed to measure the effectiveness of participation in ICT (Information Communication Technology) EU projects on the EU innovation system at the regional level. Israel was selected as a regional best practice though it is a nation state and not a region since it is as small as a region, and since the authors had good relevant data from the previous IC reports and since Israel is consistently recognized as one of the most innovative countries in the world. The authors discovered that an Intellectual Capital audit is a powerful and useful framework to understand the effectiveness of regional innovation systems, offering the possibility for evidence-based future policies rather than retrospective performance analyses. This chapter demonstrates the case of Israel as a knowledge-based region, as well as critical success factors for regional innovation systems.

R&D Centre Growth Based on Regional Innovation System

2011 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Jingyuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation System ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Development Models ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The chapter focuses on comparing and analyzing the development models of typical regional innovation systems in the world, discussing the relationship of regional innovation system and R&D centre growth, and points out that the emergence of R&D centre and growth are tight relative with the development of regional innovation system. Through researching on typical cases of India’s Banglore, Singapore and Taiwan’s Xinzhu, the paper summarizes the experience that establishing and perfecting regional innovation system will improve R&D centre growth. Using the experience for reference, some strategies to promote R&D centre are put forward as conclusions.

scholarly journals Technoparks as Centers of Regional Economic Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4213-4218 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Innovation Infrastructure ◽  
Technology Parks ◽  
Main Components

In the modern world, socio-economic and political leadership of a country is based on the generation of new knowledge, its commercialization and use in all areas of human activity, it being an important prerequisite for improving the competitiveness of the state. To achieve this goal, individual elements of the national innovation system including the main components of the innovation infrastructure are being formed in many constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The article discusses an important component of the industrial and technological innovation infrastructure - technology parks. The dynamics of technology parks development in Russia since 1990, their functions, specialization and efficiency of functioning are revealed. The conclusion is made about how the increasing number of technology parks influences on socio-economic and innovative development of the regions in Russia. Further development of regional innovation systems based on the development of technology parks in the field of high technologies is associated with the development of effective marketing mechanisms for the commercialization of innovations, improving the quality of education and its focus on innovation issues. The applied focus of scientific research should be accompanied by the diversification of the innovation-technological complex in accordance with the priority directions of technological development of regions and country. The results of the research can be used by decision makers to substantiate the diversification of regional innovation systems in accordance with the priority directions of the technological development of the country.

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