scholarly journals Performance Enhancement of Solar Photovoltaic Panels using Air-water Mixture and Sustainable Solutions to Off-Grid Electrification

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nithin Sha Najeeb ◽  
Prashant Kumar Soori ◽  
Iyad Al Madanat
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Dust Deposition ◽  
Sustainable Solutions

Solar Energy has enormous potential to fulfill the energy requirements of the world and can be extracted using solar cells. However, the solar cells are affected by poor efficiency and further affected by wind speed, orientation of the panel, temperature and dust deposition. There are different cleaning technologies devised by many industry experts to clean the solar panels. However, they are facing drawbacks when deployed in the solar farm. An efficient cleaning system, along with an added cooling system must be devised, so that the solar panels must be cleaned and cooled often to maximize the energy production. This paper presents a low-cost, energy-efficient, smart and innovative dust cleaning and cooling system for Photovoltaic (PV) Panels. The system is designed, fabricated, fully-automated using Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and tested successfully. A battery-charging kiosk, capable of charging two, 24V Lead Acid Batteries embedded within this prototype, shall provide clean-energy in a sustainable manner to the rural communities of the developing nations. The user can check the status of the battery such as battery voltage, battery temperature, and state of charge on the Human Machine Interface (HMI) panel while charging the batteries

Nanotechnology for Photovoltaic Energy

2014 ◽  
pp. 319-346
Author(s):  
Salahuddin Qazi ◽  
Farhan A. Qazi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Silicon Based

Solar radiation is plentiful and a clean source of power. However, despite the first practical use of silicon based solar cell more than 50 years ago, it has not been exploited to its full potential due to the high cost of electrical conversion on a per Watt basis. Many new kinds of photovoltaic cells such as multi-junction solar cells dye –sensitized solar cells and organic solar cell incorporating element of nanotechnology have been proposed to increase the efficiency and reduce the cost. Nanotechnology, in the form of quantum dots, nanorods, nanotubes, and grapheme, has been shown to enhance absorption of sunlight, makes low cost flexible solar panels and increases the efficiency of photovoltaic cells. The chapter reviews the state of current photovoltaic cells and challenges it presents. It also discusses the use of nanotechnology in the application of photovoltaic cells and future research directions to improve the efficiency of solar cells and reduce the cost.

Nanotechnology for Photovoltaic Energy

2013 ◽  
pp. 163-191
Author(s):  
Salahuddin Qazi ◽  
Farhan A. Qazi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Silicon Based

Solar radiation is plentiful and a clean source of power. However, despite the first practical use of silicon based solar cell more than 50 years ago, it has not been exploited to its full potential due to the high cost of electrical conversion on a per Watt basis. Many new kinds of photovoltaic cells such as multi-junction solar cells dye –sensitized solar cells and organic solar cell incorporating element of nanotechnology have been proposed to increase the efficiency and reduce the cost. Nanotechnology, in the form of quantum dots, nanorods, nanotubes, and grapheme, has been shown to enhance absorption of sunlight, makes low cost flexible solar panels and increases the efficiency of photovoltaic cells. The chapter reviews the state of current photovoltaic cells and challenges it presents. It also discusses the use of nanotechnology in the application of photovoltaic cells and future research directions to improve the efficiency of solar cells and reduce the cost.

Bis(4′-tert-butylbiphenyl-4-yl)aniline (BBA)-substituted A3B zinc porphyrin as light harvesting material for conversion of light energy to electricity

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1189-1197
Author(s):  
Naresh Duvva ◽  
Suneel Gangada ◽  
Raghu Chitta ◽  
Lingamallu Giribabu
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Zinc Porphyrin ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

Limited synthetic steps via low-cost starting materials are needed to develop large-scale light-active materials for efficient solar cells. Here, novel bis(4[Formula: see text]-tert-butylbiphenyl-4-yl)aniline (BBA) based A3B zinc porphyrin (GB) is synthesized and applied as a light harvesting/electron injection material in dye-sensitized solar cells. The GB sensitizer was characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and the optimized device shows [Formula: see text] of 10.98 ± 0.37 mA/cm2 and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.34 ± 0.26%. In addition, performance is enhanced up to ∼3.9% by the addition of co-adsorbent 3a,7a-dihydroxy-5b-cholic acid (chenodeoxycholic acid, CDCA) to minimize [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] staking of the planar porphyrin macrocycles. These results demonstrate that novel broad-absorbing light-active material (GB) could be used for indoor solar panels.

scholarly journals An Experimental Investigation of a Novel Low-Cost Photovoltaic Panel Active Cooling System

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Benato ◽  
Anna Stoppato
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Pv Cooling

Renewable energy sources are the most useful way to generate clean energy and guide the transition toward green power generation and a low-carbon economy. Among renewables, the best alternative to electricity generation from fossil fuels is solar energy because it is the most abundant and does not release pollutants during conversion processes. Despite the photovoltaic (PV) module ability to produce electricity in an eco-friendly way, PV cells are extremely sensitive to temperature increments. This can result in efficiency drop of 0.25%/ ∘ C to 0.5%/ ∘ C. To overcome this issue, manufacturers and researchers are devoted to the improvement of PV cell efficiency by decreasing operating temperature. For this purpose, the authors have developed a low-cost and high-performance PV cooling system that can drastically reduce module operating temperature. In the present work, the authors present a set of experimental measurements devoted to selecting the PV cooling arrangement that guarantees the best compromise of water-film uniformity, module temperature reduction, water-consumption minimization, and module power production maximization. Results show that a cooling system equipped with 3 nozzles characterized by a spraying angle of 90 ∘ , working with an inlet pressure of 1.5 bar, and which remains active for 30 s and is switched off for 120 s, can reduce module temperature by 28 ∘ C and improve the module efficiency by about 14%. In addition, cost per single module of the cooling system is only 15 €.

scholarly journals Design, Operation and Optimization of Constructed Wetland for Removal of Pollutant

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8339
Author(s):  
Md Ekhlasur Rahman ◽  
Mohd Izuan Effendi Bin Halmi ◽  
Mohd Yusoff Bin Abd Samad ◽  
Md Kamal Uddin ◽  
Khairil Mahmud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Contaminant Removal ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Media Types ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Approach

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are affordable and reliable green technologies for the treatment of various types of wastewater. Compared to conventional treatment systems, CWs offer an environmentally friendly approach, are low cost, have fewer operational and maintenance requirements, and have a high potential for being applied in developing countries, particularly in small rural communities. However, the sustainable management and successful application of these systems remain a challenge. Therefore, after briefly providing basic information on wetlands and summarizing the classification and use of current CWs, this study aims to provide and inspire sustainable solutions for the performance and application of CWs by giving a comprehensive review of CWs’ application and the recent development of their sustainable design, operation, and optimization for wastewater treatment. To accomplish this objective, thee design and management parameters of CWs, including macrophyte species, media types, water level, hydraulic retention time (HRT), and hydraulic loading rate (HLR), are discussed. Besides these, future research on improving the stability and sustainability of CWs are highlighted. This article provides a tool for researchers and decision-makers for using CWs to treat wastewater in a particular area. This paper presents an aid for informed analysis, decision-making, and communication. The review indicates that major advances in the design, operation, and optimization of CWs have greatly increased contaminant removal efficiencies, and the sustainable application of this treatment system has also been improved.

scholarly journals Performance Enhancement of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using a Natural Sensitizer

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainal Arifin ◽  
Sudjito Soeparman ◽  
Denny Widhiyanuriyawan ◽  
Suyitno Suyitno
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Dye Molecules ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Dye Loading ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Natural Sensitizer

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on natural sensitizers have become a topic of significant research because of their urgency and importance in the energy conversion field and the following advantages: ease of fabrication, low-cost solar cell, and usage of nontoxic materials. In this study, the chlorophyll extracted from papaya leaves was used as a natural sensitizer. Dye molecules were adsorbed by TiO2 nanoparticle surfaces when submerged in the dye solution for 24 h. The concentration of the dye solution influences both the amount of dye loading and the DSSC performance. The amount of adsorbed dye molecules by TiO2 nanoparticle was calculated using a desorption method. As the concentration of dye solution was increased, the dye loading capacity and power conversion efficiency increased. Above 90 mM dye solution concentration, however, the DSSC efficiency decreased because dye precipitated on the TiO2 nanostructure. These characteristics of DSSCs were analyzed under the irradiation of 100 mW/cm2. The best performance of DSSCs was obtained at 90 mM dye solution, with the values of Voc, Jsc,  FF, and efficiency of DSSCs being 0.561 V, 0.402 mA/cm2, 41.65%, and 0.094%, respectively.

scholarly journals Colorless Windows That Transform Sunlight Into Electricity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varun Vohra ◽  
Takashi Sano
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Solar Panels

Solar cells help us use less coal or oil when we make electricity. This way, we cause fewer problems for the environment. Most solar panels are expensive, and they cannot be used for windows because they are not transparent, so they hide your view. But solar windows can be created with special chemicals called organic colorants. These windows can catch sunlight and use its energy to make electricity, but you can still see a beautiful view through them. The windows we made are inexpensive and keep the colors of your view unchanged. Each colorless window makes 100 watts of electricity, which is enough to recharge 20 smartphones at the same time. Because we can use these cheap, colorless, solar windows everywhere, we could make a lot of clean energy!

scholarly journals Performance Enhancement of All-Inorganic Carbon-Based CsPbIBr2 Perovskite Solar Cells Using a Moth-Eye Anti-Reflector

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2726
Author(s):  
Wensheng Lan ◽  
Dazheng Chen ◽  
Qirui Guo ◽  
Baichuan Tian ◽  
Xiaoping Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Carbon Based

All-inorganic carbon-based CsPbIBr2 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted increasing interest due to the low cost and the balance between bandgap and stability. However, the relatively narrow light absorption range (300 to 600 nm) limited the further improvement of short-circuit current density (JSC) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs. Considering the inevitable reflectance loss (~10%) at air/glass interface, we prepared the moth-eye anti-reflector by ultraviolet nanoimprint technology and achieved an average reflectance as low as 5.15%. By attaching the anti-reflector on the glass side of PSCs, the JSC was promoted by 9.4% from 10.89 mA/cm2 to 11.91 mA/cm2, which is the highest among PSCs with a structure of glass/FTO/c-TiO2/CsPbIBr2/Carbon, and the PCE was enhanced by 9.9% from 9.17% to 10.08%. The results demonstrated that the larger JSC induced by the optical reflectance modulation of moth-eye anti-reflector was responsible for the improved PCE. Simultaneously, this moth-eye anti-reflector can withstand a high temperature up to 200 °C, and perform efficiently at a wide range of incident angles from 40° to 90° and under various light intensities. This work is helpful to further improve the performance of CsPbIBr2 PSCs by optical modulation and boost the possible application of wide-range-wavelength anti-reflector in single and multi-junction solar cells.

scholarly journals Evaluation the Performance of CPV with Different Concentration Ratio

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Alaa H. Shneishil ◽  
Emad J. Mahdi ◽  
Mohammed A. Hantosh
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Solar Cell Performance

The present work aims at decrease the cost of the photovoltaic (PV) solar system by decreasing the area of expensive solar cells by low cost optical concentrators that give the same output power. Output power of two types’ monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon solar cells has been measured with and without presence of linear focus Fresnel lenses (FL) with different concentration ratios. Cooling system has been used to decrease the effect of temperature on solar cell performance. The results indicated that the increase in the output power is about 5.3 times by using Fresnel lens concentrator without using cooling system in comparison with solar cell without concentrator, while it is about 14.6 times by using cooling system. The efficiency of monocrystalline solar cell without cooling system is about 11.2% for solar irradiance 0.698 kW/m2, this value decrease to 3.3% for solar irradiance 12.4 kW/m2 and concentration ratio 17.7 by using Fresnel lens concentrator, while when using cooling system the efficiency enhance to 12.9% and 8.8% for solar irradiance 0.698 and 12.4, respectively.

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