scholarly journals Smartphone-Based Point-of-Care Cholesterol Blood Test Performance Evaluation Compared with a Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Method

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyongsik Yun ◽  
Jaekyu Choi ◽  
In-Uk Song ◽  
Yong An Chung
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic

Managing blood cholesterol levels is important for the treatment and prevention of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. An easy-to-use, portable cholesterol blood test will accelerate more frequent testing by patients and at-risk populations. We aim to evaluate the performance of smartphone-based point-of-care cholesterol blood tests as compared to that of hospital-grade laboratory tests. We used smartphone systems that are already familiar to many people. Because smartphone systems can be carried around everywhere, blood can be measured easily and frequently. We compared the results of cholesterol tests with those of existing clinical diagnostic laboratory methods. We found that smartphone-based point-of-care lipid blood tests are as accurate as hospital-grade laboratory tests (N=116, R>0.97, P<0.001 for all 3 cholesterol blood tests: total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, and triglyceride). Our system will be useful for those who need to manage blood cholesterol levels to motivate them to track and control their behavior.

scholarly journals Smartphone-Based Point-of-Care Cholesterol Blood Test Performance Evaluation Compared with a Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 3334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyongsik Yun ◽  
Jaekyu Choi ◽  
In-Uk Song ◽  
Yong-An Chung
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic

Managing blood cholesterol levels is important for the treatment and prevention of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. An easy-to-use, portable cholesterol blood test could accelerate more frequent testing by patients and at-risk populations. We aim to evaluate the performance of smartphone-based point-of-care cholesterol blood tests compared to that of hospital-grade laboratory tests. We used smartphone systems that are already familiar to many people. Because smartphone systems can be carried around everywhere, blood can be measured easily and frequently. We compared the results of cholesterol tests with those of existing clinical diagnostic laboratory methods. We found that smartphone-based point-of-care lipid blood tests were as accurate as hospital-grade laboratory tests (N = 116, R > 0.97, p < 0.001 for all three cholesterol blood tests, i.e., total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, and triglyceride). Our system could be useful for those who need to manage blood cholesterol levels to motivate them to track and control their behavior.

Improved HPLC Determination of Plasma and Urine Oxalate in the Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brega ◽  
A. Quadri ◽  
P. Villa ◽  
P. Prandini ◽  
Ji-Qing Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hplc Determination ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic ◽  
Urine Oxalate

Predicting abnormal laboratory blood test results in the intensive care unit using novel features based on information theory and historical conditional probability (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo E. Valderrama ◽  
Daniel J. Niven ◽  
Henry T. Stelfox ◽  
Joon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Conditional Probability ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Conditional Entropy ◽  
Admission Diagnosis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Abnormal Laboratory ◽  
Blood Tests

BACKGROUND Redundancy in laboratory blood tests is common in intensive care units (ICU), affecting patients' health and increasing healthcare expenses. Medical communities have made recommendations to order laboratory tests more judiciously. Wise selection can rely on modern data-driven approaches that have been shown to help identify redundant laboratory blood tests in ICUs. However, most of these works have been developed for highly selected clinical conditions such as gastrointestinal bleeding. Moreover, features based on conditional entropy and conditional probability distribution have not been used to inform the need for performing a new test. OBJECTIVE We aimed to address the limitations of previous works by adapting conditional entropy and conditional probability to extract features to predict abnormal laboratory blood test results. METHODS We used an ICU dataset collected across Alberta, Canada which included 55,689 ICU admissions from 48,672 patients with different diagnoses. We investigated conditional entropy and conditional probability-based features by comparing the performances of two machine learning approaches to predict normal and abnormal results for 18 blood laboratory tests. Approach 1 used patients' vitals, age, sex, admission diagnosis, and other laboratory blood test results as features. Approach 2 used the same features plus the new conditional entropy and conditional probability-based features. RESULTS Across the 18 blood laboratory tests, both Approach 1 and Approach 2 achieved a median F1-score, AUC, precision-recall AUC, and Gmean above 80%. We found that the inclusion of the new features statistically significantly improved the capacity to predict abnormal laboratory blood test results in between ten and fifteen laboratory blood tests depending on the machine learning model. CONCLUSIONS Our novel approach with promising prediction results can help reduce over-testing in ICUs, as well as risks for patients and healthcare systems. CLINICALTRIAL N/A

Detecting Antimicrobial Resistance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynette Phee ◽  
David Wareham
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Phenotypic Methods ◽  
Cost Of Materials

● To optimize antimicrobial therapy for the management of individual patient’s infection. ● For surveillance purposes, which in turn inform local/national/international clinical guidelines. ● For the management of infection control and prevention. Broadly speaking, resistance is detected by observing its phenotypic expression (activity of the candidate drug(s) against the target bacterium) or detecting the underlying genotypic determinant (resistance genes). Commonly used methods in clinical diagnostic laboratories generally fall under the ‘phenotypic’ category. These share similar traits— ease of use, reproducibility, scalability, quick turnaround of results and relative low cost of materials/reagents required. Moreover, decades of experience and fine-tuning have seen them established as methods of choice in most microbiology laboratories. Most phenotypic test methods are reliant on the use of clinical breakpoints set by national and international bodies (e.g. EUCAST and CLSI) to determine susceptibility/resistance. These guidelines are regularly subject to updates with input from leading experts and latest research findings. It is important for clinical diagnostic laboratories to adhere to best practice guidance set out by these bodies and keep up-to-date with the latest guidelines. Growth characteristics (on artificial media) of the bacterium of interest are extremely important in conventional phenotypic methods. As this presents a big obstacle for slow growers and ‘unculturable’ pathogens (e.g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycoplasma spp.) it has led to the introduction of genotypic methods of resistance detection in the clinical diagnostic laboratory. meteoric rise in the world of microbiology. Compared with conventional phenotypic methods, molecular genotypic-based tests are better suited for automation and reduce dependence on skilled workers for result interpretation. They therefore deliver the rapid turnaround demanded by modern medicine. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests (ASTs) is a term used to describe a range of phenotypic methods that employ direct observation of the action of antimicrobials against a target microorganism. This is the most commonly used method in clinical diagnostic laboratories for detecting resistance in bacteria. A. Disc diffusion Growth medium: Standardized agar plates (usually unsupplemented, but addition(s) may be necessary for bacteria with specific growth requirements). Antibacterial component: Fixed dose in standard size circular paper discs or tablets.

scholarly journals Real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and its potential use in clinical diagnosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Bustin ◽  
Reinhold Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic ◽  
Pcr Assays

qRT-PCR (real-time reverse transcription-PCR) has become the benchmark for the detection and quantification of RNA targets and is being utilized increasingly in novel clinical diagnostic assays. Quantitative results obtained by this technology are not only more informative than qualitative data, but simplify assay standardization and quality management. qRT-PCR assays are most established for the detection of viral load and therapy monitoring, and the development of SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)-associated coronavirus qRT-PCR assays provide a textbook example of the value of this technology for clinical diagnostics. The widespread use of qRT-PCR assays for diagnosis and the detection of disease-specific prognostic markers in leukaemia patients provide further examples of their usefulness. Their value for the detection of disease-associated mRNA expressed by circulating tumour cells in patients with solid malignancies is far less apparent, and the clinical significance of results obtained from such tests remains unclear. This is because of conceptual reservations as well as technical limitations that can interfere with the diagnostic specificity of qRT-PCR assays. Therefore, although it is evident that qRT-PCR assay has become a useful and important technology in the clinical diagnostic laboratory, it must be used appropriately and it is essential to be aware of its limitations if it is to fulfil its potential.

scholarly journals Validation of the biochemical method for determining the total cholesterol level in the samples of biological fluids as a base for providing the quality of dyslipidemia diagnostics

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
S. V. Misiurova ◽  
N. O Svid ◽  
V. Ye Dobrova ◽  
I. A Otrishko ◽  
V. V. Propisnova
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic ◽  
Uncertainty Of Measurements ◽  
Biochemical Analyzer ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
Automatic Biochemical Analyzer

The main principles of creating a quality system in modern laboratory diagnostics are: standardization of laboratory processes by developing standard operating procedures; general quality management of laboratory research based on the development and implementation of the requirements of international standards (according to ISO 15189: 2015 "Medical laboratories. Basic requirements for quality and competence"); quality control of all stages of the laboratory process through the implementation of the validation procedure. Aim. To develop a methodology for conducting validation procedures to assess the suitability of a biochemical method for determining the level of total cholesterol in biological fluids in the Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory of the Clinical Diagnostic Center of the NUPh. Materials and methods. The object of the study was a standardized method for determining the concentration of total cholesterol. The method was validated using the “Cholesterol Reagent Set” test kit and the standard sample “Chemical control. Reagent kit. Level 1 ", manufactured by High Technology, Inc. (USA) with known concentration. The measurements were carried out on an Express Plus automatic biochemical analyzer manufactured by Bayer Corporation, Germany. When processing the research results, descriptive statistics were used and a number of statistical evaluations were carried out. Results. A protocol and a validation report were developed at the Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory of the CDC NUPh to assess the suitability of the method for determining the concentration of cholesterol in biological fluids by the photometric enzymatic method on an automatic biochemical analyzer Express Plus (using reagents and control material manufactured by High Technology, Inc., USA). The validation characteristics of the method were determined: repeatability and reproducibility, correctness and uncertainty of measurements. Evaluation of the internal laboratory repeatability and reproducibility of this technique indicates the absence of gross errors in the operation of the instrument and statistically important differences in measurements. The assessment of the correctness of the method (carried out using the control material) proved that the systematic error is not significant (according to a given acceptance criterion). The expanded uncertainty calculation showed that the obtained values ​​of the total cholesterol level can be considered accurate and reliable. Conclusions. Validation of the method for determining total cholesterol in human blood by the photometric enzymatic method has proven that this method has performance characteristics that correspond to the regulated ones, meets the established criteria, and the parameters measured with it correspond to the proper ones. Key words: validation, determination method, total cholesterol, repeatability and reproducibility, correctness and uncertainty of measurements

scholarly journals Evaluation of laboratory research data in patients with multiple sclerosis in the aspect of comboridity

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
G. Chupryna
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Study Laboratory

The objective of the work – to study laboratory data in patients with multiple sclerosis in order to clarify the nature of the influence of comorbid pathology on the level of dysfunction of biochemical processes of the body. We examined 216 patients with multiple sclerosis with various forms of course. Patients of the general sample were divided into two groups: І (n = 109) – without concomitant diseases and ІІ (n = 107) – with the presence of concomitant diseases. The results of general clinical tests of blood and urine, a biochemical blood test, a study of cerebrospinal fluid, the immune status of the blood, and the level of autoantibodies to brain antigens were evaluated. General clinical blood and urine tests, a biochemical blood test were performed on all 216 patients with multiple sclerosis from the study group. The study of cerebrospinal fluid (macroscopic, microscopic, polymerase chain reaction) and immunological blood tests (study of indicators of cellular and humoral immunity, the level of autoantibodies to brain antigens) were performed in 42 patients with multiple sclerosis of both groups. As a result, it was found that significant differences between groups І and ІІ exist due to an increase in platelet counts in patients of group ІІ (P < 0.05) and AsAT concentration (P < 0.05), an increase in creatinine concentration (P < 0.05), an increase in blood cholesterol (P < 0.05). Such differences in the indicators of general clinical and biochemical blood tests are, in our opinion, due to the presence of cardiovascular and gastroenterological comorbidity in patients with multiple sclerosis and correlate with a decrease in their overall well-being. As a result of studying the general analysis of urine in 84.7 % of patients of the general sample, there were general inflammatory signs, which were more pronounced in several indicators in the ІІ group of patients, clinically correlated with the severity of pelvic disorders. Systemic and deeper changes in the level of NK cells, the main protein of myelin, the total human brain antigen, as well as the immunoregulatory cycle in patients with multiple sclerosis with comorbid pathology were also established.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document