scholarly journals Measurement Problem in Quantum Mechanics\\ and the Surjection Hypothesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz W. Bopp
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dynamics ◽  
Measurement Problem ◽  
Quantum Measurements ◽  
Random Projections ◽  
The Third ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Quantum Universe ◽  
Choice Decision ◽  
Actual Choice ◽  
Complete Quantum

Starting with unitary quantum dynamics, we investigate how to add quantum measurements. Quantum measurements have four essential components: the furcation, the witness production, an alignment projection, and the actual choice decision. The first two components still lie in the domain of unitary quantum dynamics. The decoherence concept explains the third contribution. It can be based on the requirement that witnesses reaching the end of time on the wave function side and the conjugate one have to be identical. In this way, it also stays within the quantum dynamics domain. The surjection hypothesis explains the actual choice decision. It is based on a two boundary interpretation applied to the complete quantum universe. It offers a simple way to reduce these seemingly random projections to purely deterministic unitary quantum dynamics, eliminating the measurement problem.

scholarly journals Measurement Problem in Quantum Mechanics and the Surjection Hypothesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-324
Author(s):  
Fritz W. Bopp
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dynamics ◽  
Measurement Problem ◽  
Quantum Measurements ◽  
Random Projections ◽  
The Third ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Quantum Universe ◽  
Choice Decision ◽  
Actual Choice ◽  
Complete Quantum

Starting with unitary quantum dynamics, we investigate how to add quantum measurements. Quantum measurements have four essential components: the furcation, the witness production, an alignment projection, and the actual choice decision. The first two components still lie in the domain of unitary quantum dynamics. The decoherence concept explains the third contribution. It can be based on the requirement that witnesses reaching the end of time on the wave function side and the conjugate one have to be identical. In this way, it also stays within the quantum dynamics domain. The surjection hypothesis explains the actual choice decision. It is based on a two boundary interpretation applied to the complete quantum universe. It offers a simple way to reduce these seemingly random projections to purely deterministic unitary quantum dynamics, eliminating the measurement problem.

The Kinney Three Paragraphs (and More) for Accounting Ph.D. Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Kinney
Keyword(s):  
Review Process ◽  
Student Experiences ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Practical Relevance ◽  
The Third ◽  
Validity Assessment ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Empirical Accounting Research

SYNOPSIS This Commentary is intended to help beginning Ph.D. students identify, evaluate, and communicate essential components of proposed empirical accounting research using a three-step process. The first step is a structured top-down approach of writing answers to three related questions—What, Why, How—that emphasize the central role of conceptual thinking in research design, as well as practical relevance. The second step is a predictive validity assessment that anticipates concerns likely to arise in the scholarly review process, and the third is consideration of the likely outcome and potential problems to be encountered if the proposal is implemented as planned. First-hand accounts of Ph.D. student experiences using the three paragraphs and three-step approach are presented, along with an exercise that beginners can use to help themselves identify, analyze, and anticipate problems to improve chances for research success ex ante.

scholarly journals Decoherence and its role in the modern measurement problem

2012 ◽  
Vol 370 (1975) ◽  
pp. 4576-4593 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Quantum Measurement ◽  
Measurement Problem ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
Measurement Theory ◽  
Quantum Measurements ◽  
Quantum Measurement Problem ◽  
Modern Physics ◽  
Conceptual Problems

Decoherence is widely felt to have something to do with the quantum measurement problem, but getting clear on just what is made difficult by the fact that the ‘measurement problem’, as traditionally presented in foundational and philosophical discussions, has become somewhat disconnected from the conceptual problems posed by real physics. This, in turn, is because quantum mechanics as discussed in textbooks and in foundational discussions has become somewhat removed from scientific practice, especially where the analysis of measurement is concerned. This paper has two goals: firstly (§§1–2), to present an account of how quantum measurements are actually dealt with in modern physics (hint: it does not involve a collapse of the wave function) and to state the measurement problem from the perspective of that account; and secondly (§§3–4), to clarify what role decoherence plays in modern measurement theory and what effect it has on the various strategies that have been proposed to solve the measurement problem.

scholarly journals Complete quantum measurements break entanglement

2012 ◽  
Vol 376 (46) ◽  
pp. 3495-3498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha-Pekka Pellonpää
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Measurements ◽  
Complete Quantum

scholarly journals Aprendizajes en sincronía con la vida

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Flor Abarca-Alpízar
Keyword(s):  
Peer Learning ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Construction Of Knowledge ◽  
The Third ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Holistic Vision ◽  
Collective Construction ◽  
Third Moment

As humanity, we suffer the disconnection and separation from life as a whole. This rupture, imposed by the predominant systematic paradigm during the last four hundred years, has led us to forget the holistic vision preserved by ancient cultures. This situation is also prevalent in our educational systems, controlled by the rote fragmented education, which is distant from life and from the existence and feelings of those who are learning. To overcome the current planetary crisis, it is urgent to recover the holistic vision of both life and learner, where the educational university processes are essential components for the development of professionals committed with the plenitude of life on earth. The essence of this essay is to reflect about the importance that has, for the improvement of the current planetary crisis, the recovery of our connectivity with life on earth, synchronized with the learning processes, because learning processes and vital processes mean the same thing. This essay is divided in three moments. The first one originates from the exchange of beings, knowledge, feelings and experiences, to recover our lost connection with life on earth. The second moment starts with the introduction of reflections and conceptualizations, by means of the collective construction of knowledge, with the support of specialists in the holistic vision and the processes of peer-learning, which are so necessary to save life as a whole. The third moment of this essay is explained with proposals, key ideas, symbols and signs for the connection of the vital processes, in sync with the necessary learning processes in the current times.

Quantum jumps, Born’s rule, and objective classical reality via quantum Darwinism

2019 ◽  
pp. 292-325
Author(s):  
Wojciech Hubert Zurek
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dynamics ◽  
Quantum States ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Quantum Jumps ◽  
Born’S Rule ◽  
Quantum Universe ◽  
Quantum Darwinism ◽  
Pointer States ◽  
Entangled Quantum States

Emergence of the classical from the quantum substrate is a long-standing conundrum. The chapter describes its resolution based on three insights that stem from the recognition of the role of the environment. The chapter begins with the derivation of preferred states that define “events”, the essence of everyday classical reality. They arise from the tension between the unitary quantum dynamics and the nonlinear amplification inherent in replicating information. The resulting pointer states are consistent with these obtained via environment-induced superselection (einselection). They determine what can happen by defining events such as quantum jumps without appealing to Born’s rule for probabilities. Probabilities can be now deduced from envariance (a symmetry of entangled quantum states). With probabilities at hand one can quantify information flows accompanying decoherence. Effective amplification they represent explains perception of objective classical reality arising from within the quantum universe through redundancy of the pointer state records in their environment—through quantum Darwinism.

The Third Domain of Palliative Care

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Alessandra Strada
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Anticipatory Grief ◽  
The Third ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Palliative Care Setting ◽  
The Family ◽  
Grief Reactions

This chapter describes palliative psychology competencies in the third domain of palliative care, which focuses on identifying and addressing psychological and psychiatric needs in the patient and the family. Palliative psychology is a holistic discipline. It emphasizes not only the management of distress, but also the importance of facilitating psychospiritual well-being for the patient and for family caregivers. Because psychotherapy is one of the main psychological interventions provided by psychologists, this chapter defines palliative psychotherapy as a relevant framework for the palliative care setting. The essential components related to structure, delivery, and therapeutic stance are discussed. This chapter also discusses major depression, anxiety, and anticipatory grief reactions. Nonpharmacological and pharmacological approaches are discussed.

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