scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of a Functional Membrane-Associated Progesterone Receptor Component 2 (PGRMC-2) in Maturing Oocytes of the Human Parasite Nematode Trichinella spiralis: Implications to the Host-Parasite Relationship

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Morales-Montor ◽  
Álvaro Colin-Oviedo ◽  
Gloria María. González-González ◽  
José Prisco Palma-Nicolás ◽  
Alejandro Sánchez-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Design ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Parasite Protein ◽  
Receptor Component ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
First Results ◽  
Steroid Binding ◽  
Host Parasite

We explored the hypothesis that progesterone direct effect on Trichinella spiralis might be mediated indeed by a new steroid-binding parasite protein. Our first results showed that Progesterone decreases the parasite molting rate. We amplify, isolated, cloned and sequenced the PGRMC2 sequence using specific primers from known species. Furthermore, we expressed the protein and developed an antibody to performance immunofluorescent confocal microscopy, where detected that parasite cells showed expression of a P4-binding protein exclusively located at the oocyte and the parasite´s cuticle. Presence of the PGRMC2 protein in these cells was also confirmed by western blot and flow cytometry. Molecular modeling studies accompanied by computer docking using the sequenced protein showed that PGRMC2 is potentially able to bind steroid hormones such as progesterone, estradiol, testosterone, and dihydrodrotestosterone with different affinities. Phylogenetic analysis and sequence alignment clearly demonstrated that Trichinella spiralis PGRMC2 is related to a steroid-binding protein of another platyhelminths. Progesterone may probably act upon Trichinella spiralis oocytes probably by binding to PGRMC2. This research has implications in the field of host-parasite co-evolution as well as the sex-associated susceptibility to this infection. In a more practical matter, present results may contribute to the molecular design of new drugs with anti-parasite actions.

Transplantation of adult Trichinella spiralis between hosts: worm survival and immunological characteristics of the host–parasite relationship

Parasitology ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Kennedy ◽  
D. Wakelin ◽  
Margaret M. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
Essentially Normal ◽  
Host Parasite Relationship ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Worm Expulsion ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Nih Mouse

SUMMARYA technique for the transplantation of Trichinella spiralis worms directly into the host intestine is described. Infections established by the direct transfer of adult worms were essentially normal both in terms of their survival and reproduction and in their stimulation of, and susceptibility to, host immune responses. Worms transplanted from NIH mouse donors at intervals after infection had an equal ability to survive in the recipient, even when taken from the donor shortly before or during the process of worm expulsion, showing that expulsion does not require worms to be irreversibly damaged. It was noted, however, that after 7 days in the donor the ability of the worm to reproduce in the recipient was temporarily impaired.

Abnormal weight gain in mice, induced by Trichinella pseudospiralis

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Al Karmi ◽  
G. M. Faubert
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Growth Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trichinella Pseudospiralis ◽  
Muscle Larvae ◽  
Host Parasite Relationship ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Host Parasite

The parasite-induced weight gain in animals is an unusual phenomenon which involves a complex host–parasite relationship. Trichinella pseudospiralis exhibits such a phenomenon in mice. Eighty Swiss mice were orally infected with 600 T. pseudospiralis or Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae. The total body weight of the mice was recorded at the time of infection and at 2 and 10 months after, and compared with an uninfected control group. Trichinella pseudospiralis muscle larvae induced an abnormal weight gain. This weight increase is statistically different from the other two groups of mice after 2 and 10 months postinfection. The results indicate the existence of a different type of host–parasite relationship between the two parasites. Some speculative ideas are advanced to explain the rapid growth effect of T. pseudospiralis on its host.

Studies with Methyridine and Trichinella spiralis 2. The use of the drug to study the rate of larval production in mice

1970 ◽  
Vol 44 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 357-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Denham ◽  
A. R. Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Host Parasite Relationship ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Larval Production ◽  
Infected Muscle ◽  
Host Parasite

It has not been easy to study the rate at which female Trichinella spiralis produce their offspring. Phillipson and Kershaw (1961) described a method of repeatedly grinding and washing infected muscle to collect immature larvae so that one could determine the number of larvae born by the time the animal was killed but their method is unsuitable for dealing with the large number of animals that would be needed for a thorough study of this aspect of the infection. We have sought a method of studying this important factor in the host-parasite relationship.

Infectivity of Trichinella isolates in mice is determined by host immune responsiveness

Parasitology ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Bolas-Fernandez ◽  
D. Wakelin
Keyword(s):  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Inbred Mice ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Immune Responsiveness ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Low Responder ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Dose Dependent

SUMMARYA comparison was made of the development, survival and reproduction of 5 isolates of Trichinella spiralis in inbred mice. Low responder C57BL/10 mice allowed worms of all isolates to survive longer and reproduce more successfully than did high responder NIH mice, suggesting that host immunity exerted a dominant influence upon infectivity. One isolate (Is-5 (W) — an arctic isolate) had a markedly lower infectivity than all other isolates, and was selected for more detailed study, together with isolate Is-1 (S) (a temperate isolate) which showed high infectivity. The lower infectivity of Is-5 (W) reflected a more rapid onset of immunity in mice infected with this parasite, immunity reducing the reproductive potential of female worms and causing an early expulsion from the intestine. No evidence of a dose-dependent suppression of immunity was found to explain the higher infectivity of Is-1 (S). Is-5 (W) provided a very rapid mucosal mastocytosis in infected mice, whereas Is-1 (S) caused no measurable response. In contrast, Is-1 (S) elicited higher levels of circulating parasite-specific antibodies than did Is-5 (W). These results are discussed in relation to the interplay of parasite immunogenicity and host immune responsiveness in determining infectivity, and point to the importance of identifying those immunodominant parasite molecules which control the balance of the host—parasite relationship.

Foetal steroid binding protein in British and Japanese women

1987 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jawed Iqbal ◽  
Alastair Forbes ◽  
Mark L. Wilkinson ◽  
John W. Moore ◽  
Roger Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Binding Characteristics ◽  
Steroid Binding ◽  
Steroid Binding Protein

Abstract. In order to examine the newly-discovered sex-steroid binding protein, foetal steroid binding protein (FSBP) in different populations, its binding characteristics and its level were studied by two-tier column ligand binding assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) respectively. In 10 Japanese premenopausal women, analysis of 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) binding in the Cibacron Blue 3GA-Sepharose 6B portion of the column showed a rising plateau pattern with a mean maximum binding of 31.1 ± 7.41%, whereas of 9 similar British women, 8 displayed unsaturable, non-cooperative binding of 11.6 ± 8.22% (P < 0.01). After partial purification of FSBP in these samples, the protein exhibited saturable binding kinetics, median binding 25 (interquartiles 23–34) and 19 (13–25) nmol DHT/l in Japanese and British women, respectively (P < 0.05). By analyzing FSBP by ELISA in 56 Japanese (45 premenopausal) and 59 British (25 premenopausal) women, higher levels were obtained in the whole Japanese group (P = 0.0016) and in the premenopausal Japanese women (P = 0.018) than in their British counterparts. In both nationalities, FSBP levels were higher in premenopausal women, and there was a significant negative correlation of FSBP with age in both populations, particularly in postmenopausal women. FSBP levels did not correlate with weight, parity, sex hormone binding globulin or albumin levels. The influence of FSBP on free steroid levels remains unclear, but some relationship with ovarian function seems a possibility.

Susceptibilities of Various Snail Intermediate Hosts of Schistosoma mansoni to Different Strains of the Parasite

1965 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F.A. Saoud
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Considerable Evidence ◽  
The Past ◽  
Host Parasite Relationship ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Comprehensive Studies

In the past two decades, considerable evidence has accumulated in the literature about the differences in the susceptibility of various intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni to different strains of the parasite. Comprehensive studies on this aspect of host-parasite relationship have been published by Files & Cram (1949), Abdel-Malek (1950) and Files (1951). The results of more recent studies have been reported by Wright (1962) and Saoud (1964).In the present paper, the writer has studied the susceptibility of four intermediate hosts of S. mansoni from Brazil, Puerto Rico, Egypt and Tanganyika to some strains of the parasite.

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