Abnormal weight gain in mice, induced by Trichinella pseudospiralis

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Al Karmi ◽  
G. M. Faubert
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Growth Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trichinella Pseudospiralis ◽  
Muscle Larvae ◽  
Host Parasite Relationship ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Host Parasite

The parasite-induced weight gain in animals is an unusual phenomenon which involves a complex host–parasite relationship. Trichinella pseudospiralis exhibits such a phenomenon in mice. Eighty Swiss mice were orally infected with 600 T. pseudospiralis or Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae. The total body weight of the mice was recorded at the time of infection and at 2 and 10 months after, and compared with an uninfected control group. Trichinella pseudospiralis muscle larvae induced an abnormal weight gain. This weight increase is statistically different from the other two groups of mice after 2 and 10 months postinfection. The results indicate the existence of a different type of host–parasite relationship between the two parasites. Some speculative ideas are advanced to explain the rapid growth effect of T. pseudospiralis on its host.

Parasitological observations ofSchistosoma bovisin normal and T-cell deprived mice

Parasitology ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Murare ◽  
M. J. Doenhoff
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intestinal Tissue ◽  
Schistosoma Bovis ◽  
Host Parasite Relationship ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Laboratory Life ◽  
Host Parasite

SUMMARYA laboratory life-cycle ofSchistosoma boviswas established in order to study the host-parasite relationship in immunologically intact and T-cell deprived mice. Normal mice were found to have ‘self-cured’ theirS. bovisinfections almost completely by 10 weeks after cercarial administration, and there was no evidence of self-cure by day 79 in T-cell deprived animals, Thus, groups of deprived mice autopsied between 9 and 11 weeks after infection were invariably found to have greater worm burdens and a greater total number of eggs in the liver than comparably-infected normal mice. However, liver egg counts/worm pair were similar in the two types of host, and differences between normal and deprived mice with respect to totalS. bovisegg counts in the intestine were also not consistently in the same direction in all experiments. Faecal egg counts were always less in deprived mice than in normal mice, even in an experiment in which the deprived mice had a significantly higher intestinal tissue egg count than the normal control group. The results are discussed in relation to the better knownS. mansoni/mouse host-parasite relationship.

Transplantation of adult Trichinella spiralis between hosts: worm survival and immunological characteristics of the host–parasite relationship

Parasitology ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Kennedy ◽  
D. Wakelin ◽  
Margaret M. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
Essentially Normal ◽  
Host Parasite Relationship ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Worm Expulsion ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Nih Mouse

SUMMARYA technique for the transplantation of Trichinella spiralis worms directly into the host intestine is described. Infections established by the direct transfer of adult worms were essentially normal both in terms of their survival and reproduction and in their stimulation of, and susceptibility to, host immune responses. Worms transplanted from NIH mouse donors at intervals after infection had an equal ability to survive in the recipient, even when taken from the donor shortly before or during the process of worm expulsion, showing that expulsion does not require worms to be irreversibly damaged. It was noted, however, that after 7 days in the donor the ability of the worm to reproduce in the recipient was temporarily impaired.

Studies with Methyridine and Trichinella spiralis 2. The use of the drug to study the rate of larval production in mice

1970 ◽  
Vol 44 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 357-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Denham ◽  
A. R. Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Host Parasite Relationship ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Larval Production ◽  
Infected Muscle ◽  
Host Parasite

It has not been easy to study the rate at which female Trichinella spiralis produce their offspring. Phillipson and Kershaw (1961) described a method of repeatedly grinding and washing infected muscle to collect immature larvae so that one could determine the number of larvae born by the time the animal was killed but their method is unsuitable for dealing with the large number of animals that would be needed for a thorough study of this aspect of the infection. We have sought a method of studying this important factor in the host-parasite relationship.

scholarly journals Expression of circulating leucocytes before, during and after myiasis by Dermatobia hominis in experimentally infected rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 289-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jomara M. Gonçalves ◽  
Mônica C.T. Pereira ◽  
Luciene G. Evangelista ◽  
Antônio C.R. Leite
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dermatobia Hominis ◽  
Host Parasite Relationship ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Larval Emergence ◽  
Statistical Studies ◽  
Host Parasite

Expression of circulating white blood cells was investigated in rats (Rattus norvegicus) experimentally infected with larvae of Dermatobia hominis, the human bot fly. Leucocytes were counted prior to infection (control group) as well as at 6, 10, 15, 20 and 28 days post-infection (dpi) and at 7, 15, 30 and 60 days post-larval emergence (dple). Total leucocyte numbers did not differ markedly among the groups. Significant differences were registered when values from control and animals harboring each larval stage of D. hominis were compared; with crescent rank: L1-, L2-, control and L3-infected groups. Leucocyte numbers were significantly higher in the control, 15, 20 or 28 dpi groups than in the 6 dpi animals. Higher counts were observed in control, L2- or L3-infected rats than L1-infected animals. Neutrophils, eosinophils and both large and small lymphocytes were also counted and analyzed. Basophils and monocytes were insufficient in number to permit statistical studies. These results stimulate the continuity of the studies about the host-parasite relationship in the dermatobiosis.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Salivary Interleukin-8 Levels in Diabetics, Hypertensives and Smokers with Chronic Periodontitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Jain ◽  
Harjit Kaur ◽  
Nisha Aggarwal ◽  
Milli Gupta ◽  
Divya Saxena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Host Parasite Relationship ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Systemic Factors ◽  
Unstimulated Saliva ◽  
Host Parasite

Abstract Background: Cytokines are pivotal to the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and may be used as markers in diagnosis. Systemic diseases and smoking are considered risk factors that have been associated with periodontal disease progression. Cytokine production may also be influenced by smoking and systemic diseases leading to an imbalance that disturbs the host–parasite relationship. Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the levels of salivary IL-8 in diabetics, smokers and hypertensive patients with chronic periodontitis. Materials and method: A total of 80 patients with chronic periodontitis were included in the study. They were divided into four groups: 20 controls, 20 diabetics, 20 hypertensives and 20 smokers. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected at first visit and IL-8 levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: It was found that as compared to control group, diabetic group presented with higher levels of IL-8 whereas hypertensive and smoker groups presented with lower levels of IL-8. After statistical analysis it was found that this alteration was significant in smokers group only. Conclusion It can be concluded from the study that the levels of inflammatory biomarkers in chronic periodontitis patients are altered with systemic factors.

Susceptibilities of Various Snail Intermediate Hosts of Schistosoma mansoni to Different Strains of the Parasite

1965 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F.A. Saoud
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Considerable Evidence ◽  
The Past ◽  
Host Parasite Relationship ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Comprehensive Studies

In the past two decades, considerable evidence has accumulated in the literature about the differences in the susceptibility of various intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni to different strains of the parasite. Comprehensive studies on this aspect of host-parasite relationship have been published by Files & Cram (1949), Abdel-Malek (1950) and Files (1951). The results of more recent studies have been reported by Wright (1962) and Saoud (1964).In the present paper, the writer has studied the susceptibility of four intermediate hosts of S. mansoni from Brazil, Puerto Rico, Egypt and Tanganyika to some strains of the parasite.

Identification ofTrichinella spiralisearly antigens at the pre-adult and adult stages

Parasitology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEKSANDAR ZOCEVIC ◽  
PAULINE MACE ◽  
ISABELLE VALLEE ◽  
RADU BLAGA ◽  
MINGYUAN LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cdna Library ◽  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Serine Proteinase ◽  
Secretory Protein ◽  
Cdna Libraries ◽  
Sequence Identity ◽  
Muscle Larvae ◽  
Serine Protease Family ◽  
Host Parasite

SUMMARYThree expression cDNA libraries fromTrichinella spiralisworms 14 h, 20 h and 48 h post-infection (p.i.) were screened with serum from pigs experimentally infected with 20 000T. spiralismuscle larvae. Twenty-nine positive clones were isolated from the 14 h p.i. cDNA library, corresponding to 8 different genes. A putative excretory-secretory protein similar to that ofT. pseudospiraliswas identified. Three clones corresponded to aT. spiralisserine proteinase inhibitor known to be involved in diverse functions such as blood coagulation and modulation of inflammation. Screening of the 20 h p.i. cDNA library selected 167 positive clones representing 12 different sequences. The clone with the highest redundancy encoded a small polypeptide having no sequence identity with any known proteins fromTrichinellaor other organisms. Fourteen clones displayed sequence identity with the heat shock protein (HSP) 70. HSPs are produced as an adaptive response of the parasite to the hostile environment encountered in the host intestine but their mechanism of action is not yet well defined. From the 48 h p.i.T. spiraliscDNA library, 91 positive clones were identified representing 7 distinct sequences. Most of the positive clones showed high similarity with a member of a putativeT. spiralisserine protease family. This result is consistent with a possible major role for serine proteases during invasive stages ofTrichinellainfection and host-parasite interactions.

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