Identification of Minimum Standards in Emergency Goods for Earthquake Relief in Indonesia

Our purpose in this paper is to determine the minimum standards of emergency goods to be made available to persons adversely affected by earthquakes to implement quick, accountable emergency response activities. Our results show the minimum standards for emergency earthquake relief goods well-suited to Indonesia’s local population. Our results are expected to be used to help define the types of emergency goods required following a disastrous earthquake. Our research includes information about a variety of emergency goods determined through questionnaires distributed to the earthquake-affected persons once designated as internally displaced persons (IDPs). Those answering questionnaires were asked to rate the importance of goods based on their experience during postearthquake evacuation.

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INFLUENCE OF FORCED MIGRATION ON THE ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

Management ◽

10.30857/2415-3206.2018.2.3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 33-45

Author(s):

Valeriia G. Shcherbak

Keyword(s):

Internal Migration ◽

Local Population ◽

Social Activity ◽

Forced Migration ◽

The State ◽

Internally Displaced Persons ◽

Displaced Persons ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

The Asymmetry ◽

The Impact

Introduction. Significant geopolitical transformations, the annexation of the Crimea, and the conflict in the Donbass affect the functioning of the Ukrainian economy. These processes provoked a profound and only political but also socio-economic crisis, intensification of labor migration, massive forced displacement of the population: the emergence of the category of forced migrants – internally displaced persons (IDP). IDPs are citizens of a country that does not cross borders and migrate within their own country for compelled reasons (similar to the case with refugees). In Ukraine, they are called forced migrants.The hypothesis of scientific research is to find out how the emergence of regional migration asymmetry, in particular the emergence of a significant number of IDP, affects the asymmetry of migration processes in Ukraine, the economy and welfare of the population, and the level of socio-economic development of the country.The aim is to diagnose the existing processes of domestic forced migration processes in Ukraine, including the asymmetry of migratory flows, the impact of the movement of internally displaced persons on the level of development of regional economies.The research methodology is fundamental and applied research in the field of forced internal migration, the demographic situation and the state of the labor market, UN materials, the ILO, UNESCO, the bodies of the state statistics service, materials from other official sources and Internet resources. During the study, methods of systematization, theoretical generalization, scientific classification, comparative analysis, statistical methods were used.Results: the main factors determining the conditions and nature of forced internal migration in Ukraine in 2014–2017 were determined. The main directions of forced internal migration since the beginning of hostilities in the Donbass were determined. The emergence of regional asymmetry of migration processes at the level of aggregate migratory flows is investigated.Conclusions: it is proved that all regions of Ukraine have a significant right-side asymmetry of balance in the direction of arrivals in the region, which manifests itself in the concentration of refugees in the presence of a relatively small number of most mass flows. HPE is perceived in their places of residence as an additional resource for the development of a regional economy: the emergence of new opportunities for increasing social activity by refugees; the opening of new businesses; a strong motivation to succeed; intensification of production and provision of services; filling jobs that were not in demand by the local population.

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Features of the adaptation of internally displaced persons to the new social environment

KANT Social Sciences & Humanities ◽

10.24923/2305-8757.2021-5.2 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 24-29

Author(s):

Tarlan Tagiyeva

Keyword(s):

Social Environment ◽

Local Population ◽

The State ◽

Social Adaptation ◽

Internally Displaced Persons ◽

Displaced Persons ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

Relevant Today ◽

Military Conflicts ◽

Forced Migrants

The issues of adaptation to a new environment have always been relevant, today they are also important, since in the context of globalization people are "eternal nomads" (Attali) looking for a better life. Along with this, the concept of "forced migrants" has long been included in the scientific circulation, as a category of people, for various reasons forcibly or for reasons beyond their control, who left their habitable places. The adaptation of internally displaced persons who have become victims of military conflicts is especially painful, since the state, as a rule, is not able to provide them with timely and necessary assistance. There are peculiarities of communication between the settlers and the local population, which should be taken into account in the matter of psychological rehabilitation and subsequent social adaptation.

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Integration of internally displaced persons of Ukraine: realities, problems, perspectives

Geology Geography Ecology ◽

10.26565/2410-7360-2019-51-10 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Objective Assessment ◽

Local Population ◽

Economic Security ◽

Local Communities ◽

The Self ◽

Practical Significance ◽

Internally Displaced Persons ◽

Displaced Persons ◽

Self Assessment ◽

Internally Displaced

Purpose. The article discusses the realities, problems and perspectives of internally displaced persons in Ukraine. The aim of the study is to justify the realities, problems and possible solutions to the problems of integration of Ukrainian IDPs into local communities. Scientific novelty. The article discusses theoretical and methodological approaches to understanding the adaptation and integration of IDPs, forms of integration, the category of interaction between forced migrants and the local population. The level of integration of IDPs into local communities in Ukraine has been investigated. Results. Self-assessment of IDPs for their full integration into local communities as of December 2018 is 50%. The self-assessment of IDPs of their integration into local societies by regions of Ukraine has been analyzed. The most integrated are the migrants of the southern, central and northern regions (Mykolaiv, Kherson, Kirovohrad, Poltava, Cherkasy, Sumy) – 70%, the least integrated IDPs in the eastern regions (Luhansk, Donetsk) – 43%. The dynamics of self-assessment of IDPs of their integration into local societies was analyzed during March 2017 – December in 2018 and it is certain that during 2018 the self-assessment of full integration of IDPs tended to increase (increased from 38% to 50%). An objective assessment of the integration of IDPs into local societies, where the majority of IDPs (63%) are partially integrated, is presented. The dynamics of assessing the integration of IDPs into local societies during 2017-2018 has been studied. and it was found that the level of full integration in 2018 was almost 2 times less than in 2017 (24-27% versus 45-58%). The conditions for successful adaptation of IDPs are defined, the main ones being housing (87%), permanent income (77%) and employment (48%). The level of trust of IDPs to the local population in the current places of residence of IDPs, the frequency of IDPs' requests to local residents for help in everyday life, the level of belonging of IDPs to the society in their current and past place of residence. Problems of integration of IDPs are identified. The biggest obstacle to attracting IDPs into the life of the territorial community is the lack of own housing, the problem of obtaining social services and the problem of employment. For successful integration of IDPs into host communities, a number of activities are proposed, among which are the formation and implementation of organizational and management principles for the effective integration of IDPs, the restructuring of social cohesion, the strengthening of socio-economic security and resilience of host societies to IDPs, the development of regional (local) programs and plans, taking into account the needs of IDPs and others. Practical significance. The results of this study can be used by the Ukrainian authorities at the state and regional levels to solve the problems of IDPs in Ukraine.

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The multi-sectorial emergency response to a cholera outbreak in Internally Displaced Persons camps in Borno State, Nigeria, 2017

BMJ Global Health ◽

10.1136/bmjgh-2019-002000 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. e002000 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Moise Chi Ngwa ◽

Alemu Wondimagegnehu ◽

Ifeanyi Okudo ◽

Collins Owili ◽

Uzoma Ugochukwu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Management ◽

Emergency Response ◽

Formative Research ◽

Internally Displaced Persons ◽

Context Word ◽

Displaced Persons ◽

Cholera Outbreak ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Polio Vaccination

IntroductionIn August 2017, a cholera outbreak started in Muna Garage Internally Displaced Persons camp, Borno state, Nigeria and >5000 cases occurred in six local government areas. This qualitative study evaluated perspectives about the emergency response to this outbreak.MethodsWe conducted 39 key informant interviews and focus group discussions, and reviewed 21 documents with participants involved with surveillance, water, sanitation, hygiene, case management, oral cholera vaccine (OCV), communications, logistics and coordination. Qualitative data analysis used thematic techniques comprising key words in context, word repetition and key sector terms.ResultsAuthorities were alerted quickly, but outbreak declaration took 12 days due to a 10-day delay waiting for culture confirmation. Outbreak investigation revealed several potential transmission channels, but a leaking latrine around the index cases’ house was not repaired for more than 7 days. Chlorine was initially not accepted by the community due to rumours that it would sterilise women. Key messages were in Hausa, although Kanuri was the primary local language; later this was corrected. Planning would have benefited using exercise drills to identify weaknesses, and inventory sharing to avoid stock outs. The response by the Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency was perceived to be slow and an increased risk from a religious festival was not recognised. Case management was provided at treatment centres, but some partners were concerned that their work was not recognised asking, ‘Who gets the glory and the data?’ Nearly one million people received OCV and its distribution benefited from a robust infrastructure for polio vaccination. There was initial anxiety, rumour and reluctance about OCV, attributed by many to lack of formative research prior to vaccine implementation. Coordination was slow initially, but improved with activation of an emergency operations centre (EOC) that enabled implementation of incident management system to coordinate multisectoral activities and meetings held at 16:00 hours daily. The synergy between partners and government improved when each recognised the government’s leadership role.ConclusionDespite a timely alert of the outbreak, delayed laboratory confirmation slowed initial response. Initial responses to the outbreak were not well coordinated but improved with the EOC. Understanding behaviours and community norms through rapid formative research should improve the effectiveness of the emergency response to a cholera outbreak. OCV distribution was efficient and benefited from the polio vaccine infrastructure.

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