IN SILICO SCREENING AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE COMPOUNDS OF Justicia gendarussa LEAVES EXTRACT AS INTERFERON GAMMA INDUCER: A STUDY OF ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) DEVELOPMENT.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis was the most frequent opportunistic infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients that lead to increasing of morbidity and mortality. Very low cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) levels causing problem in TB/HIV diagnostic because unspecific clinical manifestation. Urine interferon gamma protein-10 (IP10) examination is a method that is relatively easier and safer to do, so it can be used as an alternative method in establishing the diagnosis TB/HIV. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between urinary IP-10 and level of CD4 serum in patients with TB/HIV coinfection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted at the Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, Indonesia, involved 30 patients with active TB/HIV coinfection whose urine and blood serum were collected to evaluate IP-10 and CD4 level. RESULTS: There is a significant relationship between urine IP10 levels as a biomarker for the diagnosis of active pulmonary TB in HIV patients and serum CD4 levels in TB-HIV coinfected patients with moderate correlation strength. CONCLUSION: Further research is needed with a larger sample size to see the effect of low serum CD4 levels on the sensitivity of urine IP10 diagnosis.

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Evaluation of Some Cytokines, CD4, Hepcidin, Iron, and Some Haematological Parameters of Patients Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Southeastern Part of Nigeria

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2020/v32i1430599 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 6-14

Author(s):

Obeagu, Emmanuel Ifeanyi ◽

Kalu, Ochie ◽

Ogbu, I. S. I. ◽

Esimai, Bessie Nonyelum ◽

Ugwuja, Mabel Chikodili ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Interferon Gamma ◽

Iron Status ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Interleukin 10 ◽

Haematological Parameters ◽

Full Blood Count ◽

Southeastern Part ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Group B

A study to evaluate the levels of interferon-gamma, interleukins 6 and 10, hepcidin, iron status and some haematological parameters in persons living with human immunodeficiency virus was carried out. A total of 150 subjects aged 18-60 years were enlisted for this study. The subjects were grouped into: Group A (50 control subjects) and Group B (100 HIV subjects, 50 subjects were non ART HIV patients, 50 subjects were on Lamivudine, Tenofavir and Efavirenz). About 7ml of venous blood were collected from each subject; 4.5 ml of blood were placed into plain tubes for assay of interferon gamma, interleukins (6&10), hepcidin and iron and 2.5ml for FBC, CD4 count and HIV screening. The cytokines and hepcidin were measured using Melsin ELISA Kits and Teco Diagnostics kits used for iron. Full blood count was determined by automation using Mindray BC-5300, China. The data was analysed with the statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20 using ANOVA and the level of significance set at P<0.05. The results showed difference that was statistically significant (P<0.05) in IFN-γ (16.25±0.87 pg/ml, 29.31±1.44 pg/ml,18.49±1.48 pg/ml, P=0.000), IL-6(7.98±0.22 pg/ml, 11.08±1.21 pg/ml, 8.79±0.76 pg/ml, P=0.000), IL-10(8.52±0.62 pg/ml, 16.62±1.53 pg/ml, 10.39±1.06P g/ml P=0.000), CD4 (1045.54 ±247.24 Cells/L, 195.60 ±35.94 Cells/L,10.39±1.06 cells/L P=0.000), hepcidin (6.03±1.38 ng/ml, 39.59 ±4.50 ng/ml, 20.86±3.43 ng/ml, P=0.000), Iron (86.29±7.27 µg/dl, 73.43±5.45 µg/dl, 85.44±8.45 µg/dl, P=0.000), TIBC (345.56±28.40 µg/dl, 287.19 ±8.21 µg/dl, 305.46±18.82 µg/dl, P=0.000), %TSA (25.16±3.18%, 25.61±2.22%,28.08 ±3.42%, P=0.000) WBC (5.87 ±0.88 X 109/L, 4.69±0.72X 109/L,4.80±0.45X 109/L, P=0.000), Neutrophils (60.57±2.83%, 75.16±3.68%, 69.04±2.90%, P=0.000), Lymphocytes (30.69 ±2.84%, 17.24±2.50%, 24.46±2.60%, P=0.000), Monocytes (5.59 ±1.2%, 4.18±1.12%, 3.97±0.92%, P=0.000), Eosinophils (2.30 ±1.05%, 2.16±0.82%, 1.67±0.57%, P=0.000), Basophil 0.86 ±0.39%, 1.31±0.94%, 0.86±0.44%, P=0.018), RBC (4.92±0.30 X 1012/L, 3.34±0.21 X 1012/L, 3.60 ±0.18X 1012/L, P=0.000), Haemoglobin (14.75±0.90,g/dl, 10.05±0.65 g/dl,10.80±0.53 g/dl, P=0.000), PCV (44.25±2.70%, 30.14±1.95,32.56±1.50%, P=0.000), MCV (89.92±2.3fl, 79.49±1.28fl,88.15±2.08fl, P=0.029), MCH (36.12±1.53 pg, 26.60±0.48P, P=0.002), Platelets (261.75±22.71 X 109/L, 246.16±9.93 X 109/L,189.32±17.00X 109/L, P=0.000), ESR (7.03 ±1.38mm/hr, 59.52 ±6.46mm/hr,43.34±4.82mm/hr, P=0.000) when compared among Control, Non ART HIV and ART positive subjects.g,28.57±1.78 pg, P=0.000), MCHC (368.46±12.28 g/l, 318.92±7.33 g/l, 333.56±22.61 g/l. The study shows that interferon gamma, interleukin 6, interleukin 10 and hepcidin are some of the biomarkers in the pathogenesis of HIV. The infection of HIV increases the levels of the cytokines. The cytokines and hepcidin can be used as prognostic and diagnostic markers as their levels decreased with treatment of the patients.

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