scholarly journals Evaluation of Some Cytokines, CD4, Hepcidin, Iron, and Some Haematological Parameters of Patients Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Southeastern Part of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Obeagu, Emmanuel Ifeanyi ◽  
Kalu, Ochie ◽  
Ogbu, I. S. I. ◽  
Esimai, Bessie Nonyelum ◽  
Ugwuja, Mabel Chikodili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Group B

A study to evaluate the levels of interferon-gamma, interleukins 6 and 10, hepcidin, iron status and some haematological parameters in persons living with human immunodeficiency virus was carried out. A total of 150 subjects aged 18-60 years were enlisted for this study. The subjects were grouped into: Group A (50 control subjects) and Group B (100 HIV subjects, 50 subjects were non ART HIV patients, 50 subjects were on Lamivudine, Tenofavir and Efavirenz). About 7ml of venous blood were collected from each subject; 4.5 ml of blood were placed into plain tubes for assay of interferon gamma, interleukins (6&10), hepcidin and iron and 2.5ml for FBC, CD4 count and HIV screening. The cytokines and hepcidin were measured using Melsin ELISA Kits and Teco Diagnostics kits used for iron. Full blood count was determined by automation using Mindray BC-5300, China. The data was analysed with the statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20 using ANOVA and the level of significance set at P<0.05. The results showed difference that was statistically significant (P<0.05) in IFN-γ (16.25±0.87 pg/ml, 29.31±1.44 pg/ml,18.49±1.48 pg/ml, P=0.000), IL-6(7.98±0.22 pg/ml, 11.08±1.21 pg/ml, 8.79±0.76 pg/ml, P=0.000), IL-10(8.52±0.62 pg/ml, 16.62±1.53 pg/ml, 10.39±1.06P g/ml P=0.000), CD4 (1045.54 ±247.24 Cells/L, 195.60 ±35.94 Cells/L,10.39±1.06 cells/L P=0.000), hepcidin (6.03±1.38 ng/ml, 39.59 ±4.50 ng/ml, 20.86±3.43 ng/ml, P=0.000), Iron (86.29±7.27 µg/dl, 73.43±5.45 µg/dl, 85.44±8.45 µg/dl, P=0.000), TIBC (345.56±28.40 µg/dl, 287.19 ±8.21 µg/dl, 305.46±18.82 µg/dl, P=0.000), %TSA (25.16±3.18%, 25.61±2.22%,28.08 ±3.42%, P=0.000) WBC (5.87 ±0.88 X 109/L, 4.69±0.72X 109/L,4.80±0.45X 109/L, P=0.000), Neutrophils (60.57±2.83%, 75.16±3.68%, 69.04±2.90%, P=0.000), Lymphocytes (30.69 ±2.84%, 17.24±2.50%, 24.46±2.60%, P=0.000), Monocytes (5.59 ±1.2%, 4.18±1.12%, 3.97±0.92%, P=0.000), Eosinophils (2.30 ±1.05%, 2.16±0.82%, 1.67±0.57%, P=0.000), Basophil 0.86 ±0.39%, 1.31±0.94%, 0.86±0.44%, P=0.018), RBC (4.92±0.30 X 1012/L, 3.34±0.21 X 1012/L, 3.60 ±0.18X 1012/L, P=0.000), Haemoglobin (14.75±0.90,g/dl, 10.05±0.65 g/dl,10.80±0.53 g/dl, P=0.000), PCV (44.25±2.70%, 30.14±1.95,32.56±1.50%, P=0.000), MCV (89.92±2.3fl, 79.49±1.28fl,88.15±2.08fl, P=0.029), MCH (36.12±1.53 pg, 26.60±0.48P, P=0.002), Platelets (261.75±22.71 X 109/L, 246.16±9.93 X 109/L,189.32±17.00X 109/L, P=0.000), ESR (7.03 ±1.38mm/hr, 59.52 ±6.46mm/hr,43.34±4.82mm/hr, P=0.000) when compared among Control, Non ART HIV and ART positive subjects.g,28.57±1.78 pg, P=0.000), MCHC (368.46±12.28 g/l, 318.92±7.33 g/l, 333.56±22.61 g/l. The study shows that interferon gamma, interleukin 6, interleukin 10 and hepcidin are some of the biomarkers in the pathogenesis of HIV. The infection of HIV increases the levels of the cytokines. The cytokines and hepcidin can be used as prognostic and diagnostic markers as their levels decreased with treatment of the patients.

scholarly journals Studies on Some Cytokines, CD4, Hepcidin, Iron, and Some Haematological Parameters of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Co-infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Chemotherapy for 60 Days in Southeast, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Obeagu, Emmanuel Ifeanyi ◽  
Obeagu, Getrude Uzoma ◽  
Esimai, Bessie Nonyelum ◽  
Amaeze, Augustine Amaeze ◽  
Amaeze, Florence Ngozi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Group B

A study to evaluate the levels of interferon-gamma, interleukins 6 and 10, hepcidin, iron status and some haematological parameters in persons living with human immunodeficiency virus was carried out. A total of 2000 subjects aged 18-60 years were enlisted for this study. The subjects were grouped into: Group A (100 PTB-HIV subjects on baseline) and Group B (100 PTB-HIV subjects on treatment for 60 days). About 7ml of venous blood were collected from each subject; 4.5 ml of blood were placed into plain tubes for assay of interferon gamma, interleukins (6 &10), hepcidin and iron and 2.5 ml for FBC, CD4 count and HIV screening. The cytokines and hepcidin were measured using Melsin ELISA Kits and Teco Diagnostics kits used for iron. Full blood count was determined by automation using Mindray BC-5300, China. The data was analysed with the statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20 using ANOVA and the level of significance set at P<0.05. The results showed significant difference in IFN-γ (P=0.000), IL-6 (P=0.000) IL-10 (P=0.000), hepcidin (P=0.000), Iron (P=0.004), TIBC (P=0.000), WBC (P=0.029), Neutrophils (P=0.011), Lymphocyes (P=0.000), Monocytes (P=0.000), Basophil (P=0.013), RBC (P=0.000), Haemoglobin (P=0.000), PCV (P=0.000), MCV (P=0.029), MCH (P=0.000), MCHC (P=0.000), Platelets (P=0.000), ESR (P=0.000) and no significant difference in CD4 (P=0.966), %TSA  (P=0.998) and Eos (P=0.052) when compared among PTB-HIV on baseline and 60 days on treatment respectively. The study shows that interferon gamma, interleukin 6, interleukin 10 and hepcidin are adjuncts to some of the biomarkers in the pathogenesis of pulmonary TB and HIV infection. The cytokines and hepcidin can be used as prognostic and diagnostic markers as their levels decreased with i60 days of treatment of the patients.The haemtological parameters like haemoglobin, RBC and PCV increased significantly within 60 days of treatment showing improvement in health status of the patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Some Cytokines, CD4, Hepcidin, Iron Profile and Some Haematological Parameters of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Coinfected with HIV in Southeast of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-130
Author(s):  
Obeagu, Emmanuel Ifeanyi ◽  
Esimai, Bessie N. ◽  
Obeagu, Getrude Uzoma ◽  
Ochiabuto, O.M.T.B. ◽  
Chukwurah , Ejike Felix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Significance Level

The study was done to determine the levels of interferon-gamma, interleukin 6, interleukin 10, iron status, hepcidin and haematological parameters of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Southeast, Nigeria. This study was carried out at the directly observed treatment-short course Tuberculosis (TB DOTS) centre of Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, located in South-Eastern Nigeria. Therefore, sample size of 240 was used to give room for attrition. A total of two hundred and forty (240) subjects aged 18-60 years were enlisted for this study. Seven milliliters (7ml) of venous blood was collected from each subject and 2.5 ml was dispensed into bottles containing di-potassium salt of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (K2-EDTA) and was used for full blood count, CD4 count and HIV screening. Also, 4.5ml was dispensed into plain tubes. Serum was obtained after clotting by spinning at 3000 RPM for 10 minutes and was used for interferon gamma, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10, iron and hepcidin determination. Data was analysed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20. Student t-test, ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), Pearson Product Moment and Chi-Square were the tools employed. Results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and are presented in table and significance level was set at P<0.05.The results showed difference that was statistically significant (P<0.05) in IFN-γ (P=0.000), IL-6 (P=0.000) IL-10 (P=0.000), CD4 (P=0.000), hepcidin (P=0.000), Iron (P=0.000), TIBC (P=0.000), %TSA  (P=0.001) ,WBC (P=0.000), Neutrophils (P=0.000), Lymphocyes (P=0.000), Monocytes (P=0.000), Eosinophils (P=0.000), Basophils (P=0.018), RBC (P=0.000), haemoglobin (P=0.000), PCV (P=0.000), MCV (P=0.000), MCH (P=0.000), MCHC (P=0.000), Platelets (P=0.000), ESR (P=0.000) when compared among  control, TB, HIV and TB-HIV subjects respectively. The co infection of HIV on pulmonary TB patients increases the levels of the cytokines. The cytokines and hepcidin can be used as adjunct to prognostic and diagnostic markers as their levels decreased with increased duration of treatment of the patients. The study has shown wide variations in the haemtological indices studied.

scholarly journals Studies on Some Cytokines, CD4, Hepcidin, Iron, and Some Haematological Parameters of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Southeast, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Obeagu, Emmanuel Ifeanyi ◽  
Obeagu, Getrude Uzoma ◽  
Esimai, Bessie Nonyelum ◽  
Amaeze Augustine Amaeze ◽  
Amaeze, Florence Ngozi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Ifn Γ

The research was done to evaluate the levels of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL- 10, iron status, hepcidin and haematological parameters of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus in a tertiary hospital, Southeast, Nigeria. Four hundred (400) subjects aged 18-60 years were selected for this study. The participants comprised of PTB (200 subjects) and HIV (200 subjects). Whole blood of 7ml was collected from each participant; 4.5ml of blood was added to plain tubes for assay of cytokines, hepcidin and iron and 2.5ml for FBC, CD4 count and HIV screening. The cytokines and hepcidin were determined using Melsin ELISA Kits and Teco Diagnostics kits used for iron. Full blood count was determined by automation using Mindray BC-5300. The study revealed significant difference in IFN-γ (P=0.000), IL-6 (P=0.000) IL-10 (P=0.001), hepcidin (P=0.016), TIBC (P=0.005), %TSA  (P=0.001), WBC (P=0.000), Neutrophils (P=0.000), Lymphocytes (P=0.000), Monocytes (,P=0.000), RBC (P=0.000), Haemoglobin (P=0.000), PCV (P=0.000), MCV (P=0.000), MCH (P=0.000), MCHC (P=0.000), Platelets (P=0.000), ESR (P=0.000)  and no significant difference in CD4 (P=0.605), Iron (P=0.787),Eosinophils (P=0.724), Basophil (P=0.869) when compared between  control and HIV subjects respectively. There were changes in the cytokines, hepcidin, TIBC, %TSA and haematological parameters studied in the subjects. There were increase in the levels of cytokines studied in patients with Pulmonary TB and HIV. The cytokines and hepcidin can be used as adjuncts to prognostic and diagnostic indicators as their levels decreased with increased duration of treatment of the patients.

scholarly journals Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status in Malnourished Children seen at Lagos

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
EO Temiye ◽  
OF Adeniyi ◽  
IB Fajolu ◽  
AA Ogbenna ◽  
TA Ladapo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
World Health ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Oral Thrush

AbstractIntroductionHuman immunodeficiency virus and protein energy malnutrition are still prevalent in Nigeria and the occurrence of the two conditions together confers a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to determine the current categories of malnutrition amongst under 5 children in Lagos, document their HIV status and determine any peculiarities in the clinical features, haematological and some biochemical profile in these children.MethodsThe study was a prospective crossectional study conducted at the Paediatric department of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital and the Massey Street Children’s Hospital over a 6 month period. All the subjects had anthropometry, HIV testing, full blood count and serum proteins done. The factors associated with HIV status were determined with the logistic regression analysis.ResultsTwo hundred and fourteen (214) malnourished children ≤5 years were recruited into the study and 25(11.7%) were HIV positive. One hundred and five (49.1%) of the participants had moderate malnutrition while 25.2% had severe forms of malnutrition. Fever, cough and diarrhea were the commonest symptoms. Severe wasting, oral thrush, dermatoses and splenomegaly were seen more commonly in the HIV positive subjects. The haematological indices were comparable in the two groups, however, the total protein was significantly higher in the HIV positive subjects compared to the negative group (p=0.042). Multivariate analysis showed that the total protein (p=0.001) and platelet count (p=0.016) could significantly predict the occurrence of HIV in the malnourished childrenConclusionThe presence of severe wasting, oral thrush, diarrhea, splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia and high total proteins in malnourished children should heighten the suspicion of possible underlying associated HIV infection. This study reinforces the recommendation by the World Health Organisation (WHO) that all malnourished children should have mandatory HIV screening.

Possible Role of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and CD40 Ligand Expression in the Pathogenesis of Hypergammaglobulinemia in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Modulation of IL-10 and Ig Production After Intravenous Ig Infusion

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 3721-3729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Müller ◽  
Pål Aukrust ◽  
Ingvild Nordøy ◽  
Stig S. Frøland
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
General Effect ◽  
Bolus Infusion ◽  
Single Bolus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract The mechanisms leading to polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are not well understood. In light of the important role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and the interaction between CD40 and CD40 ligand in the normal regulation of B-lymphocyte function and Ig production, we examined these parameters in 24 HIV-infected patients. Both plasma IL-10 levels and the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+lymphocytes expressing CD40 ligand were significantly higher in the patients than in the 10 blood donor controls. Serum IgG correlated positively with circulating IL-10 levels and the percentage of CD4+ lymphocytes expressing CD40 ligand. Furthermore, a single bolus infusion of intravenous Ig (0.4 g/kg) in 8 HIV-infected patients caused a further increase in IL-10 levels in plasma and an increase in both IL-10 and IgG production in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures. In another patient group (Wegener’s granulomatosis) receiving a single bolus infusion of intravenous Ig, a similar increase in plasma IL-10 levels was found, suggesting that this may be a general effect of intravenous Ig. In patients with HIV infection, our data suggest that a vicious cycle may be operative where high endogenous Ig levels may enhance IL-10 production that, in turn, leads to higher Ig production.

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