scholarly journals Evaluation of role of interferon gamma release assays in the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Rajender Singh ◽  
Nazish Fatima ◽  
Indu Shukla ◽  
Mohammed Shameem
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assays ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Role of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) for the screening of latent tuberculosis infection in patients candidates for TNF-α antagonist

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Sauzullo ◽  
Fabio Mengoni ◽  
Rossana Scrivo ◽  
Guido Valesini ◽  
Concetta Potenza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assays

scholarly journals From Capsids to Complexes: Expanding the Role of TRIM5α in the Restriction of Divergent RNA Viruses and Elements

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Rose ◽  
Stephanie J. Spada ◽  
Rebecca Broeckel ◽  
Kristin L. McNally ◽  
Vanessa M. Hirsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Arms Race ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Hiv 1

An evolutionary arms race has been ongoing between retroviruses and their primate hosts for millions of years. Within the last century, a zoonotic transmission introduced the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1), a retrovirus, to the human population that has claimed the lives of millions of individuals and is still infecting over a million people every year. To counteract retroviruses such as this, primates including humans have evolved an innate immune sensor for the retroviral capsid lattice known as TRIM5α. Although the molecular basis for its ability to restrict retroviruses is debated, it is currently accepted that TRIM5α forms higher-order assemblies around the incoming retroviral capsid that are not only disruptive for the virus lifecycle, but also trigger the activation of an antiviral state. More recently, it was discovered that TRIM5α restriction is broader than previously thought because it restricts not only the human retroelement LINE-1, but also the tick-borne flaviviruses, an emergent group of RNA viruses that have vastly different strategies for replication compared to retroviruses. This review focuses on the underlying mechanisms of TRIM5α-mediated restriction of retroelements and flaviviruses and how they differ from the more widely known ability of TRIM5α to restrict retroviruses.

scholarly journals Role of interferon gamma release assay in the diagnosis and management of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-associated uveitis: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000663
Author(s):  
Samra Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
M A Rehman Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Ocular Tuberculosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assays ◽  
Infectious Uveitis ◽  
Release Assay

Tuberculosis (TB)-associated uveitis is a common cause of infectious uveitis in the developing world. Diagnosis of TB uveitis remains a challenge. The role of interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) is uncertain. Herein we summarise the available literature on the utility of IGRAs in the diagnosis and management of TB uveitis. We searched PubMed database from 1 August 2010 to 31 July 2020 using the following keywords alone and in combination: ‘interferon-gamma release assay’, ‘QuantiFERON’, ‘T-SPOT.TB’, ‘TB uveitis’, ‘serpiginous like choroiditis’, ‘tuberculoma’, ‘TB vasculitis’, ‘TB panuveitis’ and ‘ocular tuberculosis’. Data from 58 relevant studies were collated. The review is focused on currently marketed versions of IGRA tests: QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube assay, QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus assay (QFT-Plus) and T-SPOT.TB. We found limited evidence regarding the diagnostic utility of IGRA in patients with uveitis. No study was identified evaluating the newer QFT test—the QFT-Plus—in patients with uveitis. Similarly, there is lack of data directly comparing QFT-Plus with T-SPOT.TB specifically for the diagnosis of TB uveitis.

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