scholarly journals Sexual Violence Victimization History and Sexual Risk Indicators in a Community-Based Urban Cohort of “Mostly Heterosexual” and Heterosexual Young Women

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bryn Austin ◽  
Andrea L. Roberts ◽  
Heather L. Corliss ◽  
Beth E. Molnar
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Violence Victimization ◽  
Mostly Heterosexual ◽  
Victimization History

Sexual Violence Victimization Among Female Secondary School Students in Eastern Ethiopia

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 608-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemayehu Belachew Bekele ◽  
Marcel A. G. van Aken ◽  
Judith Semon Dubas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
School Students ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Violence Victimization

Behavioral, lifestyle, and relationship factors have all been identified as risk factors that increase a woman’s vulnerability to sexual violence victimization. However, it remains unclear which risk factors most strongly increase young women’s vulnerability to sexual violence victimization because most studies only examine a few factors simultaneously. Using a cross-sectional sample of 764 female secondary school students from eastern Ethiopia, multivariate analyses revealed that high-rejection sensitivity, having multiple sexual partners, the frequent watching of pornography, and use of alcohol or other soft drugs (Khat or shisha) are factors associated with higher levels of sexual violence victimization. The overall rates of victimization is high in this group, with 68% of the young women studied having experienced at least one instance of sexual violence victimization. Based on type of sexual perpetration, 52% of the young women were victimized by at least one instance of sexual offence, 56% by sexual assault, 25% by sexual coercion, and 15% by sexual aggression. Qualitative data gathered from interviews of extracurricular club members and school officials and focus group discussion with students were used to further augment and illustrate results from the quantitative data. Several suggestions for intervention are presented in light of these results.

scholarly journals Sexual Risk in “Mostly Heterosexual” Young Women: Influence of Social Support and Caregiver Mental Health

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 2005-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather L. Corliss ◽  
S. Bryn Austin ◽  
Andrea L. Roberts ◽  
Beth E. Molnar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Mostly Heterosexual ◽  
Caregiver Mental Health

scholarly journals The Community PrEP Study: a randomized control trial leveraging community-based platforms to improve access and adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV among adolescent girls and young women in South Africa—study protocol

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Medina-Marino ◽  
Dana Bezuidenhout ◽  
Sybil Hosek ◽  
Ruanne V. Barnabas ◽  
Millicent Atujuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Adherence Support ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Improve Access

Abstract Background HIV incidence among South African adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) remains high, but could be reduced by highly effective pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Unfortunately, AGYW report significant barriers to clinic-based sexual and reproductive health services. Even when AGYW access PrEP as an HIV prevention method, poor prevention-effective use was a serious barrier to achieving its optimal HIV prevention benefits. Determining the acceptability and feasibility of community-based platforms to increase AGYW’s access to PrEP, and evaluating behavioural interventions to improve prevention-effective use of PrEP are needed. Methods We propose a mixed-methods study among AGYW aged 16–25 years in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. In the first component, a cross-sectional study will assess the acceptability and feasibility of leveraging community-based HIV counselling and testing (CBCT) platforms to refer HIV-negative, at-risk AGYW to non-clinic-based, same-day PrEP initiation services. In the second component, we will enrol 480 AGYW initiating PrEP via our CBCT platforms into a three-armed (1:1:1) randomized control trial (RCT) that will evaluate the effectiveness of adherence support interventions to improve the prevention-effective use of PrEP. Adherence will be measured over 24 months via tenofovir-diphosphate blood concentration levels. Qualitative investigations will explore participant, staff, and community experiences associated with community-based PrEP services, adherence support activities, study implementation, and community awareness. Costs and scalability of service platforms and interventions will be evaluated. Discussion This will be the first study to assess the acceptability and feasibility of leveraging CBCT platforms to identify and refer at-risk AGYW to community-based, same-day PrEP initiation services. It will also provide quantitative and qualitative results to inform adherence support activities and services that promote the prevention-effective use of PrEP among AGYW. By applying principles of implementation science, behavioural science, and health economics research, we aim to inform strategies to improve access to and prevention-effective use of PrEP by AGYW. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT03977181. Registered on 6 June 2019—retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Exploring the experience of intimate partner violence in the LGBT community

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Papadakaki ◽  
F Zioti ◽  
Z N Karadimitriou ◽  
M Papadopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Childhood Victimization ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Violence Victimization ◽  
Lgbt Community ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Abstract Background The study aimed at measuring the prevalence and identifying the risk factors of intimate partner violence in individuals from the LGBT community. Methods A total of 180 individuals participated in the study, both male and female, aged 18-60 years, living in the broader area of Athens, Greece. Snowball sampling was applied to identify eligible individuals and social media were employed to recruit them. The questionnaire explored the violence victimization and perpetration in their relationships, the preferred reaction to various forms of violence and the role of childhood victimization in adulthood experiences of violence. Results 72.8% were homosexual, 26.7% bisexual, 81.7 % were women with a mean age of 25.2 years (6.0 standard deviation). A total of 67.2% were subjected to verbal abuse before the age of 16, 49.4% to physical violence, 6.7% to sexual violence and 46.7% were neglected. The prevalence of violence victimization was higher than the prevalence of violence perpetration (mean 9.81 and 5.92 respectively). Psychological violence was the most common among other forms of violence, both in victimization (psychological 7.34, physical 1.66, sexual 0.81) and perpetration (psychological 4.48, physical 1.26, sexual 0.18). In hypothetical scenarios of psychological violence, the majority of participants preferred separation and discussion about boundaries as strategies to deal with the situation (56.1 and 45.0 respectively), in scenarios of physical violence they primarily preferred separation and secondarily asking a professional advice (73.3 and 20.6, respectively) and in sexual violence they primarily preferred a discussion about boundaries and secondarily separation (69.4% and 31.7% respectively). Experiences of childhood victimization (p=.006), and female gender (p=.002), were found to be associated at a statistically significant level with violent victimization in adulthood. Conclusions Further research is necessary to identify groups at risk of victimization. Key messages Preventive efforts need to take into account individual sociodemographic and attitudinal characteristics that increase the risk of victimization. Experiences of victimization during childhood are highly associated with victimization in adulthood.

scholarly journals The biobehavioral impacts of sexual violence: Findings from an acute repeat survivor of vaginal rape

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 174550652110310
Author(s):  
Katherine M Anderson ◽  
Mimi Ghosh ◽  
Maile Y Karris ◽  
Eleanor Capozzi ◽  
Douglas A Granger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Sexual Trauma ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Violence Victimization ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Immune Biomarkers ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Background: Individuals who have experienced repeat sexual violence victimization face adverse mental and physical health outcomes, including immune and stress response functioning. We aim to further understand repeat sexual violence victimization to develop responsive and appropriate treatment for survivors of sexual violence. Methods: We present the immunological and contextual findings of a participant ( N = 1) who experienced repeat sexual violence victimization during her enrollment in The THRIVE Study, a prospective case–control study of women aged 14–45 years, who have experienced recent consensual vaginal penetration (“controls”) or forced vaginal penetration (“cases”). Participants complete a survey, HIV/sexually transmitted infection, and pregnancy testing, blood sampling for C-reactive protein and adrenocorticotrophic hormone, collection of cervicovaginal fluid for immunological biomarkers, and self-collection of saliva samples for cortisol measurements, across study visits (Baseline, 1, and 3 months). Results: The case study participant, aged 18 years upon enrollment, experienced sexual trauma before four of five study visits. Trends in the mental health indicators demonstrate reciprocal fluctuations in adverse mental health and resilience in accordance with revictimization and circumstantial changes. Suppressed immune biomarkers appear to correlate with increased adverse mental health, while mental health recovery trends with immunological recovery. The participant presents with dysregulated hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis diurnal profile. Conclusions: This profile illustrates the intra-individual biobehavioral impact of experience with revictimization over the course of 6 months, capturing experiences that are rarely studied either longitudinally or with the depth of the current research. The findings underscore the value of monitoring cervicovaginal immune functioning and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis dysregulation in coordination with changes in mental health over the course of repeated sexual trauma.

Sexual Violence Victimization of Women

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen C. Basile ◽  
Sharon G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Victimization

scholarly journals Victim and Perpetrator Characteristics in Alcohol/Drug-Involved Sexual Violence Victimization in the U.S

2021 ◽  
pp. 108839
Author(s):  
Kathleen C. Basile ◽  
Sharon G. Smith ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Ashley Lowe ◽  
Amanda K. Gilmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Victimization ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Community-Based Recovery for Sexual Violence Victims: The Case of Hapsari

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atikah Rahmi ◽  
Hotma Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Grassroots Organization ◽  
Social Violence ◽  
Recovery Mechanism ◽  
The North ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Sexual Abuse Victims ◽  
Community Based Services

Sexual abuse victims experienced physical, psychological, economic and social violence, which lead to trauma. However, there has been no systematic policy to support their recovery. This paper argues for the need for a recovery mechanism system for sexual violence victims, as implemented by Hapsari. This study employs a qualitative approach, with interviews as the means to obtain data. Subjects in this research included women and children in the North Sumatera. This research finds out that community-based recovery has a significant impact on the victims, and is able to empower them to be independent in making a decision and blend with society. As a grassroots organization, Hapsari supports community-based services to reduce violence against women and children, protect victims and gather supports for the sustainability of recovery services. Apart from this, the state should also participate in protecting those people, especially in terms of policy and regulations.

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