Prevalence of Domestic Violence among School Children

This study aimed to examine the prevalence of domestic violence among school children. Using survey research design, data were collected from 664 school children in Ekiti State Nigeria Multidimensional Domestic Violence Scale (MDVS) was used to collect data. Results from the study reveal a high prevalence of domestic violence with physical violence as the most recurrent. The study also found that even though school children's age did not considerably influence the degree to which they were exposed to domestic violence, the level of study was a significant element in verbal and social violence. Also, it was found out that gender meaningfully contributed to the level at which children were exposed to physical and social domestic violence. It was concluded that regardless the gender, age, and level of study there is a high prevalence of domestic violence among school children in Ekiti State. With the adverse effect of domestic violence on children, in the long run, sensitizations, preventions, and inventions programmes should be embraced to educate the children, parents, and other adults.

Violences liées aux accusations de sorcellerie et vulnérabilité de la femme âgée en contexte burkinabé

Cette recherche s’inscrit dans le cadre des études sur les violences psychologiques et sociales au Burkina Faso. L’objectif vise à appréhender le lien entre les violences et la vulnérabilité psychologique chez la femme âgée. Soixante-deux femmes exclues de leur communauté suite à des accusations de sorcellerie ont été interrogées par questionnaire et par entretien. Les résultats mettent en évidence la multiplicité des violences vécues, associées à une vulnérabilité psychologique. Ces violences, plus fréquemment, prennent la forme d’une non approbation d’un acte positif en faveur des victimes, d’un refus de dénoncer un acte susceptible de nuire aux victimes ou de leur assurer une quelconque protection, d’insultes ou d’autres moqueries. Ces violences sont des facteurs de vulnérabilité psychologique se traduisant, notamment, par un sentiment d’abandon et un regard peu valorisant porté sur soi. This research is a part of other studies on psychological and social violence in Burkina Faso. This paper focuses on understanding the link between violence and psychological vulnerability in the context of elderly women. Sixty-two women who had been excluded from their communities on charges of witchcraft were interviewed using a questionnaire. The results highlight the multiplicity of lived violence associated with psychological vulnerability. More frequently, such violence takes the form of non-approval of a positive act in favor of the victims, refusal to report an act likely to harm the victims or provide them with any protection, insults or other mockery. This violence is one of the factors of psychological vulnerability, resulting in a feeling of abandonment and a lack of self-esteem.

DATA NECROPOLITICS v2

Algorithmic Governmentality’ (A. Rouvroy), ‘Expository society’ (B. Harcourt), ‘Black Box Society’ (F. Pasquale), ‘Surveillance Capitalism’ (S. Zuboff), ‘Techno-Feudalism’ (C. Durand), ‘Radical Anti-Humanism (E. Sadin), increasing literature has been highlighting how our societies and subjectivities are being modified and threatened by new technologies and Big Techs . While these debates are grasping how our social existence and future are being shaped by the development of novel technologies, guided by profit rentability and power struggles, I would like to suggest another critical layer. The current deployment of new technologies also relies on a novel circulation of violence. Borrowing the expression from Achille Mbembe I call this phenomenon Data Necropolitics, which is also the title of the book I am working on. Necropolitics is ‘the generalized instrumentalization of human existence and the material destruction of human bodies and populations.’ My intuition is that Data Necropolitics is at the intersection of these two phenomena. Data and new technologies are reifying human’s lives, through different procedures of ‘mortification of the self’ labour exploitation , and in some cases, and especially among vulnerable populations, they can foster violence and eventually death. Violence should not be understood as ‘mere’ physical aggression or violation of private property rights. It is also socio-economic and symbolic. When I refer to Data Necropolitics, I have in mind not only the physical elimination of given individuals, but also a predatory/digital form of governance that expose and produce social violence, vulnerability and eventually (social) death. It circulates below and set the foundations of our technological ‘welfare’.

A Persistent Force: Violence in Maurice Gee’s Historical Novels for Children

<p>Since the publication of his first novel, The Big Season, in 1962, Maurice Gee’s fiction for adults has been noted for its preoccupation with violence. But can we say the same of his fiction for children? And if so, how might that predisposition be reconciled for young readers? Using a predominantly literary-historical reading of Gee’s fiction for children published between 1986 and 1999, this thesis attempts to answer these questions. Chapter 1 establishes the impact of violence on Gee’s early years and its likely influence on his writing. Chapters 2-4 then consider the presence of violence in Gee’s five historical novels for children. Chapter 2 focuses on the wartime novels, The Fire-Raiser and The Champion, and their respective depictions of war and racism, while chapter 3 explores individual, family and social violence as “expanding scenes of violence” (Heim 25) in The Fat Man. The fourth and final chapter discusses the two post-war novels, Orchard Street and Hostel Girl, where social violence runs as an undercurrent of everyday life. The thesis finds that violence – in different forms and at different intensities – persists across the novels and that Gee tempers its presence appropriately for his young readers. Violence, Gee seems to be saying, is part of the mixed nature of the human condition and this knowledge should not be denied children.</p>

A Persistent Force: Violence in Maurice Gee’s Historical Novels for Children

<p>Since the publication of his first novel, The Big Season, in 1962, Maurice Gee’s fiction for adults has been noted for its preoccupation with violence. But can we say the same of his fiction for children? And if so, how might that predisposition be reconciled for young readers? Using a predominantly literary-historical reading of Gee’s fiction for children published between 1986 and 1999, this thesis attempts to answer these questions. Chapter 1 establishes the impact of violence on Gee’s early years and its likely influence on his writing. Chapters 2-4 then consider the presence of violence in Gee’s five historical novels for children. Chapter 2 focuses on the wartime novels, The Fire-Raiser and The Champion, and their respective depictions of war and racism, while chapter 3 explores individual, family and social violence as “expanding scenes of violence” (Heim 25) in The Fat Man. The fourth and final chapter discusses the two post-war novels, Orchard Street and Hostel Girl, where social violence runs as an undercurrent of everyday life. The thesis finds that violence – in different forms and at different intensities – persists across the novels and that Gee tempers its presence appropriately for his young readers. Violence, Gee seems to be saying, is part of the mixed nature of the human condition and this knowledge should not be denied children.</p>

Antinomies and paradoxes of life destinies of the heroes of romanov F. M. Dostoevsky

The literary heritage of F. M. Dostoevsky is a rich research material that traces the philosophical and sociological aspect, expressed in the author’s reasoning about the existence of man, his place in the world and society, their interaction through the prism of dichotomy. F.M. Dostoevsky known as a deep and paradoxical thinker. In his works, he asked philosophical questions about man, the relationship between rational and unreasonable principles, his place in the world and society. Dostoevsky F. M. worried about the moral greatness of man and his extreme forms, criticism of social violence and utopian attempts to improve and make people and society happy. The leitmotif of the characters in the novels is the possibility of a dignified, happy life in various social realities.

Suspension of Criminal Proceedings for Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women: Impact on Re-Entries

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is one of the most prevalent crimes in our society, but the legal mechanisms to oppose it are recent. The Portuguese Provisional Suspension of Criminal Proceedings (PSCP) as a criminal justice system (CJS) response proposes an integrated consensual solution with the involved parties, to reduce offenders’ recidivism. This article analyses the effect of PSCP on re-entries into the CJS. We examined 1,662 IPV police reports, exploring cases that underwent PSCP and re-entries of the same offender in the CJS. Results show that PSCP is applied in 17% of the cases. From all analyzed determinants, with a possible relation to the PSCP implementation, it was found that social violence and the age of both victims and defendants emerge as significantly associated with the request or acceptance of this legal mechanism. No variables tested moderated the relationship between PSCP and re-entry over 96months following the first police report. The article also examined variables that might moderate the decision to request this legal mechanism among victims and defendants.

Domestic Violence in Pregnant Women and Their Types. Case Study in Bali, Indonesia

The island of Bali, as part of the Republic of Indonesia, is predominantly Hindu and generally follows a patrilineal kinship system. There is a link between the patrilineal kinship system and incidents of violence against women. The purpose of this paper is to describe the incidence of domestic violence /DV that has been experienced by pregnant women in the last 12 months in Bali. The study design was a mixed method, namely quantitative-qualitative. The research samples were pregnant women in the third trimester in the Pedungan Traditional Village area in Denpasar City (31 people) and the Nongan Traditional Village in Karangasem Regency (33 people). Data collection was carried out in 2015 from June to August. Forms of domestic violence incidents experienced by pregnant women in the last 12 months were more pregnant women in Nongan Village experiencing sexual abuse (3 people /9.09% vs. 2 people / 6.45%)), economic abuse incidents (8 people /24.24% vs. 2 people/6.45%) compared to pregnant women in Pedungan Village. History of DV in the form of physical violence, social violence and emotional violence. The negative impact felt by pregnant women who are victims of DV, especially psychosomatic complaints, even to the point where they intend to suicide, delayed in doing antenatal care and miscarriage. It is necessary to improve the role and competence of midwives in early detection of DV in pregnant women who have their antenatal care at a health facility and cross-sector cooperation.

We motif of social violence in the space of cinematic communication

Social violence traditionally has been a constituent in the information flow of artistic communication, of the cinematic one especially. With the language specific to cinema it is easier, than with the languages of other arts, to attract and command the attention of a broad public with the spectacle of violence. Also, as a rule, it is more economical because of the relatively low cost of embodying violence on the screen considering the overall expensiveness of film production. In the West, the filming of practices of violence aimed at entertaining the public, as well as the public concern at the possibility of their negative impact on the rising generation, has a long history. Within the concept of “the audience as the victim” there were thousands of studies conducted, especially in USA. In the USSR cinema of the entertainment orientation was under the ideological ban which put the representation of violence within certain boundaries. In the 1990s the situation of cinema changed drastically. Je escalation of entertainment violence on the screen caused a public concern. Sociologists began to study its perception by and impact on spectators. In this regard, the article considers the experience of conceptualizing the reformatting of its representation after, consequent upon the impact of the last century’s revolutionary violence, cinema had obtained the status of “the most important of all the arts” and “the social significance” of the violence became the cultural code of its representation. But with the transition of Russian cinema to the market, foreign entertainment movies were granted open access to the nation’s film screens. Entertainment violence reached the status of a commercially important communicative attraction. Its effectiveness in this function is viewed in the article based on the materials of sociological surveys conducted among filmgoers of the cities of Kirov and Ekaterinburg. Another side of the issue considered as well is the sociocultural effects of violent images on the rising generation in whose midst there is a “risk group” that merits careful research and preventive acknowledgment in the process of social control.