scholarly journals Transferências de Renda Condicionada na América Latina e Bolsa Família no Brasil: uma discussão sobre desenvolvimentos da política social

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Carolina Alves Vestena
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Bolsa Familia ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Political Spectrum

ResumoNos últimos, transformações têm sido observadas no espectro político latino-americano, o que se reflete também na condução das políticas sociais na região. Exemplo disso, no caso brasileiro, são as recentes mudanças no programa Bolsa Família, uma das políticas mais reconhecidas internacionalmente neste âmbito. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma análise do perfil do programa em sua elaboração e no interior do contexto latino-americano das políticas de transferência de renda. Assim, permite refletir sobre o paradigma de política social presente no continente e suas influências no modelo brasileiro. A partir de levantamento teórico sobre as políticas sociais na região e de dados empíricos sobre seus impactos, são destacadas as tendências de desenvolvimento observadas e discute-se o papel desempenhado pela política social hegemônica nos últimos anos no Brasil.Palavras-chaves: Bolsa Família, transferência de renda condicionada, América Latina, política social.***Las Transferencias de Renta Condicionadas en América Latina y Bolsa Familia en Brasil: una discusión sobre los desarrollos de la política socialResumenEn los últimos, se han observado cambios en el espectro político de América Latina, lo que se refleja también en la gestión de las políticas sociales en la región. Ejemplo, en Brasil, son los recientes cambios en el programa Bolsa Familia, una de las políticas más reconocidas internacionalmente en este ámbito. En este sentido, este artículo tiene por objetivo presentar un análisis del perfil del programa en su preparación y en el contexto latinoamericano de las políticas de transferencia de renta. Así, que permite reflexionar sobre el paradigma de la política social en el continente y sus influencias en el modelo brasileño. De la investigación teórica sobre las políticas sociales de la región y los datos empíricos sobre su impacto se ponen de relieve las tendencias de desarrollo observadas y se discute el papel de la política social hegemónica en los últimos años en Brasil.Palabras claves: Bolsa Familia, transferencia de renta condicionada, América Latina, política social.***Conditional Cash Transfers in Latin America and Bolsa Família Program in Brazil: a discussion on development of social policiesAbstractIn the last years, changes have been observed in the Latin American political spectrum, which also has reflects on the social policies in the region. The recent changes in the Bolsa Família program in Brazil, one of the most internationally recognized policies in this area, exemplify these transformations. Hereof this article aims to present an analysis of the Bolsa Família profile in its implementation and within the Latin American context of cash transfer policies. From this perspective it is possible to analyze the paradigm of social policy on the continent and its influences on the Brazilian model. From theoretical research on social policies in the region and empirical data on their impact, the development trends and the role of the hegemonic social policy in recent years in Brazil will be highlighted and discussed.Keywords: Bolsa Família, conditional cash transfer, Latin America, social policy. 

scholarly journals From Fome Zero to Bolsa Família: Social Policies and Poverty Alleviation under Lula

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY HALL
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Bolsa Familia

Under the administrations of Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995–2002) and especially President Lula (2003–), conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes have become adopted as mainstream social policy in Brazil. This follows a marked trend since the 1990s in Latin America towards the setting up of targeted safety nets to alleviate poverty. Lula consolidated and expanded CCTs, firstly under Fome Zero and later Bolsa Família, now the largest such scheme in the world. Its four sub-programmes (educational stipends to boost school attendance, maternal nutrition, food supplements and a domestic gas subsidy) benefit some 30 million of Brazil's poorest people, with a target of 44 million by 2006. Since 2003, spending on Bolsa Família has risen significantly to consume over one-third of the social assistance budget for the poorest sectors and it remained a flagship policy in the run-up to the presidential elections of October 2006. Although coverage of Bolsa Família is impressive, however, systematic evaluation of its social and economic impacts is still lacking. Evidence from other CCT programmes in Latin America suggests that positive results may be achieved in terms of meeting some immediate needs of the poor. However, there have been many implementation problems. These include poor beneficiary targeting, lack of inter-ministerial coordination, inadequate monitoring, clientelism, weak accountability and alleged political bias. Given the heightened profile of cash transfers in Brazil's social policy agenda, key questions need to be asked. These concern, firstly, the extent to which Bolsa Família does indeed contribute to poverty alleviation; and secondly, whether it creates greater dependence of the poor on government hand-outs and political patronage at the expense of long-term social investment for development.

Linking Promises to Policies: Law and Development in an Unequal Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo R. Coutinho
Keyword(s):  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Law And Development ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Welfare Institutions ◽  
Fundamental Goal ◽  
Bolsa Familia

The 1988 Brazilian Constitution contains a wide variety of social and economic rights and expressly embraces development as a fundamental goal. For the results to be effective, however, constitutional provisions of this type require permanent implementation and articulation of public policies that, in turn, are intensely mediated by the law. Assuming that the legal dimension of social policies ultimately matters for development, the article seeks to identify and discuss the distributive effects caused by some Brazilian welfare institutions and their legal arrangements. After describing the regressive outcomes produced by the tax and pensions systems and arguing that such effects reinforce Brazilian's historically rooted deep inequality, the article discusses Programa Bolsa Família, a conditional cash transfer in Brazil, and presents the preliminary findings of an ongoing research project on law and development (the LANDS project).

scholarly journals Introduction: Assessing the Effects of Conditional Cash Transfers in Latin American Societies in the Early Twenty-First Century

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-420
Author(s):  
Theodoros Papadopoulos ◽  
Ricardo Velázquez Leyer
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
First Century ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
The Social

Latin America has emerged as a social policy ‘laboratory’ in recent decades and most prominent among the social policy innovations developed in the region are the so-called Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programmes (Cecchini et al., 2015; Borges Sugiyama, 2011; Martínez Franzoni et al., 2009). They have been widely promoted by international organisations across the world as policy instruments that enhance human capital and the agency of participants while reducing poverty and inequality and promoting co-responsibility and self-help in the long-term (see Sandberg, 2015; Bastagli, 2009; Lomelí, 2008, 2009).

scholarly journals Do conditional cash transfers increase schooling among adolescents?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Draeger
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Bolsa Familia ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
Intent To Treat

AbstractIn several Latin American countries, conditional cash transfer programmes are a proven means of alleviating poverty in the short term and promoting education of children from disadvantaged families in the longer run. While the effectiveness of the Brazilian Bolsa Família for children’s education outcomes up to 15 years of age has been widely documented, its contribution to the promotion of students of secondary school age has not been fully explored in light of the programme’s expansion to 16-17 years olds in 2008. In this paper, I draw on Brazilian National Household Sample Survey data and use a difference-in-differences approach already applied in research in the context of Bolsa Família extension. Whereas these data were previously examined to detect intent-to-treat (ITT) effects due to insufficient information on treatment status, in this study I rely on a classifier method to additionally estimate average treatment effects on the treated who belong to families supposedly receiving Bolsa Família cash transfers. The results suggest that school attendance rates for 16-year-olds are particularly increased in the Brazilian Northeast, although the estimates are not significant when further time periods are taken into account. As comparably poor but non-recipient households have larger and consistently significant gains of school attendance, the effect on adolescent’s education directly caused by the expansion of Bolsa Família remains ambiguous and thus cast doubt on the specific parallel trend assumption. In addition, no long-run ITT effects of the programme’s expansion on school participation among 16 year old teenagers are found.

The Social Investment Perspective, Conditional Cash Transfer Programmes and the Welfare Mix: Peru and Bolivia

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Nagels
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Feminist Perspective ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
State Orientation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Welfare Mix

Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programmes have spread across Latin America since the late 1990s. They constitute one of the major changes in social policy in Latin America in the last twenty years (Barrientos, 2009). This innovation has significantly influenced the welfare mix (Esping-Andersen, 1990). Those who examine the welfare mix from a feminist perspective (Orloff, 1996; Martínez, 2008) insist that it is necessary to take into account the gender consequences of changing this mix. Based on a qualitative analysis of CCT programmes in Peru and Bolivia, this article makes two arguments. First, CCT programmes demonstrate that instead of being purely liberal or even neoliberal, the actions of the state in the production of welfare are now grounded from the perspective of social investment. Second, in Peru and Bolivia, the gendered impacts of this new state orientation nonetheless reinforce maternalistic and coercive practices.

Two Decades of Social Investment in Latin America: Outcomes, Shortcomings and Achievements of Conditional Cash Transfers

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoros Papadopoulos ◽  
Ricardo Velázquez Leyer
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Investment Policies ◽  
Early Twenty

Conditional Cash Transfer programmes (CCTs) have been at the core of the remarkable expansion of social protection in Latin America in the early twenty-first century. Our article reviews the origins of CCTs in the Social Investment (SI) approach to social policy design, explores their characteristics and traces their expansion in Latin America. It further questions whether CCTs designed under the influence of SI can generate long-term substantial improvements in social outcomes. Our analysis suggests that while CCTs have evidently produced a number of positive outputs they are not, on their own, enough to achieve the aim of reducing poverty. CCTs appear to be more effective in poverty alleviation when they are accompanied by – or form part of – a wider package of measures that enhance social and employment rights, integrating workers into the formal economy under better conditions. We conclude that unless the structural deficiencies that shape many of the Latin American welfare regimes are addressed, the potential of social investment policies, like CCTs, to combat poverty will remain limited.

scholarly journals BOLSA FAMILIA: PROGRAM TRANSFER TUNAI BERSYARAT UNTUK PENGURANGAN KEMISKINAN DI BRAZIL

Sosio Informa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mu’man Nuryana
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Social Safety Net ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Bolsa Familia ◽  
Program Transfer

It has been ten years Bolsa Familiais the key that helped Brazil to cut absolute poverty by half from 9,7% to 4,3% of the population. And even more impressive and different from other countries, income inequality decreased significantly where the Gini coefficient becomes 0 527, a 15% decrease. BF now reaching 14 million households or 50 million people, or about one-quarter of the population of Brazil, and is widely seen as a global success story, a point of reference for social policy across the globe.Hovever, building a progressive social policies that can lift the roots of poverty and promoting the distribution of welfare remains a challenge for policy-makers. The New Model of Social Policy in Brazil, which relied on 'targeting and social safety net', needs to be seen as a vehicle for the reconciliation of growth with equity, offering an alternative to a more progressive, traditional, institutionalised welfare service delivery mechanisms. Despite some promising initial evidence of conditional cash transfer schemes in Brazil, however, it remains to be seen how well the construction this safety net such as BF can continue to support the ambitious expectations in the case of Brazil. The important of successful BF concept is laid on how it can be applied to provide underprivileged sectors in the society with continuous access to basic social services and employment opportunities that may increase the chance of a better life for them. Keywords:programe, poverty. Telah sepuluh tahun Bolsa Familia (BF) menjadi kunci yang menolong Brazil memangkas angka kemiskinan absolut menjadi setengahnya, dari 9,7% menjadi 4,3% dari populasi, yang lebih mengesankan lagi dan berbeda dengan negara-negara lain, ketimpangan pendapatan menurun signifikan di mana koefisien Gini menjadi 0,527 suatu penurunan 15%. BF sekarang menjangkau hampir 14 juta rumah tangga atau 50 juta orang atau sekitar ¼ dari populasi Brazil, dan secara luas dilihat sebagai sebuah cerita sukses global, sebuah titik referensi bagi kebijakan sosial di seluruh dunia. Membangun kebijakan sosial progresif yang dapat mengangkat akar kemiskinan dan mempromosikan distribusi kesejahteraan masih menjadi tantangan bagi para pembuat kebijakan. Model baru Kebijakan Sosial di Brazil, yang mengandalkan ‘targeting and social safety net’, perlu dilihat sebagai wahana rekonsiliasi bagi growth with equity, menawarkan alternatif yang lebih progresif, tradisional, mekanisme yang terlembagakan yang menyediakan pelayanan kesejahteraan. Meskipun beberapa bukti awal telah cukup menjanjikan dari skema bantuan tunai bersyarat di Brasil, bagaimanapun, masih harus dilihat seberapa baik konstruksi jaring pengaman konstruksi seperti BF itu dapat terus mendukung harapan ambisius dalam kasus Brasil. Sangat penting bahwa keberhasilan konsep BF dapat diterapkan bagi sektor yang kurang beruntung dalam masyarakat dengan akses berkelanjutan terhadap pelayanan sosial dasar dan kesempatan kerja yang dapat meningkatkan kesempatan hidup yang lebih baik bagi mereka.Kata kunci: program, kemiskinan.

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