Male Remating in Drosophila ananassae: Evidence for Interstrain Variation in Remating Time and Shorter Duration of Copulation during Second Mating

Abstract The newest generation of DNA sequencing technology is highlighted by the ability to generate sequence reads hundreds of kilobases in length. Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) have pioneered competitive long read platforms, with more recent work focused on improving sequencing throughput and per-base accuracy. We used whole-genome sequencing data produced by three PacBio protocols (Sequel II CLR, Sequel II HiFi, RS II) and two ONT protocols (Rapid Sequencing and Ligation Sequencing) to compare assemblies of the bacteria Escherichia coli and the fruit fly Drosophila ananassae. In both organisms tested, Sequel II assemblies had the highest consensus accuracy, even after accounting for differences in sequencing throughput. ONT and PacBio CLR had the longest reads sequenced compared to PacBio RS II and HiFi, and genome contiguity was highest when assembling these datasets. ONT Rapid Sequencing libraries had the fewest chimeric reads in addition to superior quantification of E. coli plasmids versus ligation-based libraries. The quality of assemblies can be enhanced by adopting hybrid approaches using Illumina libraries for bacterial genome assembly or polishing eukaryotic genome assemblies, and an ONT-Illumina hybrid approach would be more cost-effective for many users. Genome-wide DNA methylation could be detected using both technologies, however ONT libraries enabled the identification of a broader range of known E. coli methyltransferase recognition motifs in addition to undocumented D. ananassae motifs. The ideal choice of long read technology may depend on several factors including the question or hypothesis under examination. No single technology outperformed others in all metrics examined.

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Population Subdivision and Molecular Sequence Variation: Theory and Analysis of Drosophila ananassae Data

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/165.3.1385 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 165 (3) ◽

pp. 1385-1395

Author(s):

Claus Vogl ◽

Aparup Das ◽

Mark Beaumont ◽

Sujata Mohanty ◽

Wolfgang Stephan

Keyword(s):

Sequence Data ◽

Isolation By Distance ◽

Allele Frequencies ◽

Drosophila Ananassae ◽

Population Subdivision ◽

Variation Theory ◽

Peripheral Populations ◽

Molecular Variation ◽

Data Set ◽

Evolutionary Forces

Abstract Population subdivision complicates analysis of molecular variation. Even if neutrality is assumed, three evolutionary forces need to be considered: migration, mutation, and drift. Simplification can be achieved by assuming that the process of migration among and drift within subpopulations is occurring fast compared to mutation and drift in the entire population. This allows a two-step approach in the analysis: (i) analysis of population subdivision and (ii) analysis of molecular variation in the migrant pool. We model population subdivision using an infinite island model, where we allow the migration/drift parameter 0398; to vary among populations. Thus, central and peripheral populations can be differentiated. For inference of 0398;, we use a coalescence approach, implemented via a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) integration method that allows estimation of allele frequencies in the migrant pool. The second step of this approach (analysis of molecular variation in the migrant pool) uses the estimated allele frequencies in the migrant pool for the study of molecular variation. We apply this method to a Drosophila ananassae sequence data set. We find little indication of isolation by distance, but large differences in the migration parameter among populations. The population as a whole seems to be expanding. A population from Bogor (Java, Indonesia) shows the highest variation and seems closest to the species center.

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Parallelism between male mating propensity and chromosome arrangement frequency in natural populations of Drosophila ananassae

Heredity ◽

10.1038/hdy.1988.42 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 269-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

B N Singh ◽

Sujata Chatterjee

Keyword(s):

Natural Populations ◽

Drosophila Ananassae ◽

Male Mating ◽

Chromosome Arrangement ◽

Mating Propensity

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FACTORS AFFECTING ADULT EMERGENCE AND MATING BEHAVIOR OF THE EASTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent107967-9 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 107 (9) ◽

pp. 967-977 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

C. J. Sanders

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽

Adult Emergence ◽

Spruce Budworm ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Continuous Illumination ◽

Degree Days ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Eastern Spruce Budworm ◽

Duration Of Copulation

AbstractLaboratory and field experiments indicate that the female spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)) pupal stadium requires approximately 122C degree-days above a threshold of 7.2 °C (45°F), the male 124. Emergence time on any given day depends on temperature but is independent of photoperiod. Under field conditions male and female budworm mate only once per 24-h period. In the laboratory under continuous illumination females mate repeatedly and males readily mate a second time within a few hours, but the duration of the second copulation is abnormally long. The probability of multiple matings under field conditions is reduced by the restricted period of sexual activity coupled with the duration of copulation and the lower competitiveness of mated insects. Antennae are essential to the male for successful copulation.

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Behavior of triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) vectors of Chagas' disease: I. Courtship and copulation of Panstrongylus megistus (Burm-1835) in the laboratory

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz ◽

10.1590/s0074-02761986000100001 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Marli Maria Lima ◽

Pedro Jurberg ◽

Josimar Ribeiro de Almeida

Keyword(s):

Chagas Disease ◽

Direct Observation ◽

Behavioral Patterns ◽

Behavioral Differences ◽

Panstrongylus Megistus ◽

Duration Of Copulation ◽

Copulation Behaviour ◽

Male Genital

A study of the courship and copulation behaviour of Panstrongylus megistus was carried out in the laboratory. fifty-five newly-fed virgin couples were used. Experiments were performed during the day (9:00 to 12:00 a.m.) and at night (7:00 to 10:00 p.m). Behaviour was recorded by direct observation and was found to consist of the following sequence of behavioral patterns: the male approached the female and jumped on her or mounted her; he took on a dorsolateral position and immobilized the female dorsally and ventrally with his three pairs of legs; the male genital was placed below those of the female; the paramers of the male immobilized the female's genitals; copulation started. The couple joined by the iniciative of the male. The female could be receptive and accept copulation, or nonreceptive and reject the male. Copulation occurred more often on the occasion of the first attempt by the male. Duration of copulation was X = 29.3 ± 9.3 min (CV = 83%). No behavioral differences were observed couples tested during the day or at night.

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Temporal Variation in Male Copulatory Behaviour in the Solitary Bee Nomadopsis Puellae (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae)

Behaviour ◽

10.1163/156853980x00212 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 73 (3-4) ◽

pp. 175-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Ronald L. Rutowski ◽

John Alcock

Keyword(s):

Alternative Hypothesis ◽

Sperm Precedence ◽

Solitary Bee ◽

Limited Data ◽

Single Female ◽

Mating Period ◽

Duration Of Copulation ◽

High Degree ◽

To Receive ◽

Copulatory Behaviour

Abstract1. Females of the solitary bee, Nomadopsis puellae, foraging for pollen at flowers will copulate with any male that can reach them but the duration of copulation is not constant over the daily foraging-mating period (which lasts from about 0900-1300). Early on, copulations are brief (usually less than 1 min). As the morning progresses, males tend not to release their mates spontaneously but remain in copula for as long as it takes a female to collect a full pollen load and return to her nest. In addition, late in the mating period males that have not secured a single female may begin to assault pairs in attempts to usurp a female from a copulating male. 2. We propose that males control the duration of mating in ways that reflect a change in the genetic gains associated with brief versus prolonged copulations over the course of the morning. We assume that sperm precedence occurs in this species and that females are more likely to oviposit at the end of the foraging period than at the beginning. If these assumptions are correct, guarding a mate through prolonged copulation could become increasingly advantageous as the mating period draws to a close each day. Given a high degree of competition for mates, a male that secured a female on her last trip of the morning could greatly improve the chance that his mate would use his sperm for fertilization if he prevented other males from reaching her until she was safely back inside her nest burrow. 3. An alternative hypothesis that the variation in copulation length is due to changes in the readiness of females to receive sperm from a male over the mating period is considered. Limited data suggest that females do not signal degrees of sperm receptivity to males. Males probably determine how long they will copulate, switching from the tactic of securing many short (unguarded) copulations to a few lengthy (guarded) matings in the course of a morning.

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Acoustic Communication and Mating Behaviour in the Muellerianella Complex (Homoptera - Delphacidae)

Behaviour ◽

10.1163/156853985x00334 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 94 (1-2) ◽

pp. 183-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S. Drosopoulos

Keyword(s):

Mating Behavior ◽

Acoustic Communication ◽

Parental Species ◽

Mating Behaviour ◽

Interspecific Crosses ◽

Bisexual Species ◽

Duration Of Copulation ◽

Isolating Mechanisms ◽

Copulation Behavior ◽

Biological Differences

AbstractSome data on acoustic communication and mating behavior of two biparentally reproducing species and the clonally reproducing pseudogamous "species" of the genus Muellerianella are reported. Although bioacoustic differences were found in the calling songs between the species, these did not prevent pairforming. Also, differences in mating behavior, such as pre-copulation behavior, courtship activities, frequency and duration of copulation were not sufficient to prevent successful hybridization between both the two biparentally reproducing species and between each of these two species and the pseudogamous "species". The data reported here are related to other biological differences reported previously. According to these data there is some evidence that differences in acoustic communication and mating behavior between the two species are established by ecological influences which in turn have established analogous physiological requirements. These differences are rather weak isolating mechanisms. Regarding the behavioral relation of the pseudogamous species with males of the two parental species it was found that these females behave exactly as the females of M. fairmairei with which they coexist in the field. In interspecific crosses mechanical barriers to copulation are more efficient than courtship differences. Finally it is assumed that pseudogamy is a strong isolation mechanism between the not yet fully genetically differentiated bisexual species of Muellerianella.

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OM MUTATIONS IN DROSOPHILA ANANASSAE ARE LINKED TO INSERTIONS OF A TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/114.1.125 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 114 (1) ◽

pp. 125-135

Author(s):

Antony E Shrimpton ◽

Elizabeth A Montgomery ◽

Charles H Langley

Keyword(s):

In Situ Hybridization ◽

Genetic Mapping ◽

Transposable Element ◽

Southern Blotting ◽

Spontaneous Mutation ◽

Drosophila Ananassae ◽

Homologous Region ◽

Eye Morphology ◽

Om Mutations

ABSTRACT It has been hypothesized that Om mutability in Drosophila ananassae (involving spontaneous mutation at 20 loci, resulting in semidominant, nonpleiotropic eye morphology defects) was due to insertion of a transposable element, tom. One particularly unstable Χ-linked Om allele produced several derivatives, one of which has a more extreme Om phenotype and was accompanied by a singed bristle mutant, sn9g. DNA probes from the sn locus of D. melanogaster were used to clone the homologous region of D. ananassae. Analysis of sn9g DNA detected a 6.5-kb insert. Genomic Southern blotting and in situ hybridization techniques showed that this insert is repetitive and dispersed. The existence of the tom element is supported by genetic mapping that established homology between the 6.5-kb sn9g insert and Om mutants at the four Χ-linked loci tested.

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