ANALISIS RAGAM GENETIK, HERITABILITAS, DAN SIDIK LINTAS KARAKTER AGRONOMIK JAGUNG HIBRIDA SILANG TUNGGAL

The success of selection in plant breeding program is determined by genetic variabiliities, heritability values and the correlation between agronomic characters and yield. The study aims to determine the genetic variability, heritability and the effec of agronomic characters to grain yield. The experiment was conducted in February to May 2016 in Grobogan, Central Java. The experiment consists of twelve genotypes of maize hybrids, arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The characters observed were plant height, ear height, number of harvested ear, shelling percentage, moisture content of grain harvested, weight of 100 grains, ear length, ear diameter, number of rows per ear, number of seeds per row per ear, and grain yields. The results showed that the genetic variability of agronomic characters was broad, except ear diameter. Almost all of the heritability values of yield components were high, except harvested ear weight and ear diameter. The characters of plant height, ear height and as the genotypic gave high of a direct effect on the yield higher, while direct effect of the phenotypic character of ear hairves on grain yield are higher.

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GENETIC VARIABILITY, CHARACTER ASSOCIATION AND PATH ANALYSIS OF YIELD AND ITS COMPONENT TRAITS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.)

Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics ◽

10.3329/bjpbg.v29i1.33706 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 21-30

Author(s):

M. N. Huda ◽

M. S. Hossain ◽

M. Sonom

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Path Analysis ◽

Plant Height ◽

Direct Effect ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Block Design ◽

Male Flower ◽

Maize Genotypes ◽

Positive Direct

The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka during March to June, 2014 to study the genetic variability, correlation and path co-efficient analysis for yield and yield contributing characters of maize. In this experiment 25 maize genotypes were used as experimental materials. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Mean performance, variability, correlation matrix and path analysis on different yield contributing characters and yield of maize genotypes were estimated. The highest grain yield/plant (272.21 g) was recorded in the genotype of BARI Hybrid Maize-6, whereas the lowest grain yield/plant (180.40 g) from the genotype of NZ-003. Phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation for all the yield contributing traits. In correlation study, significant positive association was recorded for grain yield/plant of maize genotypes with plant height (0.235), tassel height (0.359), number of grains/cob (0.854), cob length (0.390), cob diameter (0.313) and weight of 1000-grains (0.689). Path analysis revealed that days to initiation of male flower had positive direct effect (0.132), days to initiation of female flower had negative direct effect (-0.254), days to maturity had positive direct effect (0.178), plant height had positive direct effect (0.314), tassel height had positive direct effect (0.234), ear length had positive direct effect (0.197), number of grains/cob had negative direct effect (-0.095), cob length had positive direct effect (0.167), cob diameter had positive direct effect (0.168) and that weight of 1000-grains had positive direct effect (0.217) on yield / plant.

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Corn Hybrids Response to Nitrogen Rates at Multiple Locations in Brazilian Amazon

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n12p233 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 233

Author(s):

Ricardo S. Okumura ◽

Francisco F. A. Mota ◽

Yweenns T. Ferraz ◽

Daiane de C. Mariano ◽

Cândido F. de Oliveira Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Vegetative Development ◽

Corn Hybrids ◽

Area Index ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Ear Height ◽

N Rates

Among the nutritional requirements of corn crop, nitrogen (N) is the element required in greater quantity and, directly responsible for increase or decrease in grain production. The aims of study were to evaluate the effects of applied N rates in topdressing in development and production of corn in Brazilian Amazon. The experiments were installed on 20 January 2014 (Capitão Poço city) and 24 January 2014 (Paragominas city). The experimental design was a randomized block design in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, consisting of five N rates of topdressing applications (0; 40; 80; 120; and 160 kg ha-1 of N) and two corn double hybrids (AL-Avaré; and AL-Bandeirante), with four replicates. The evaluations of vegetative development components (plant height, height of ear insertion, and leaf area index) were carried out at time of male flowering stage, while evaluations of grain yield components (number of grains per row, grain yield, and harvest index) carried out during the harvest period. The corn hybrids, AL-Avaré and AL-Bandeirante, independent of experimental site, showed the highest technical efficiency between the rates of 80 to 120 kg ha-1 of N. Based on the information obtained in regression analysis verified that Paragominas experiment showed greater vegetative development (plant height, LAI, ear height, number of grains per row, ear length) and higher grain yield compared to corn developed in Capitão Poço experiment.

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Green ear yield and grain yield of maize cultivars in competition with weeds

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582010000100010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 77-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

P.S.L. Silva ◽

K.M.B. Silva ◽

P.I.B. Silva ◽

V.R. Oliveira ◽

J.L.B. Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Modern Agriculture ◽

Maize Cultivars ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Ear Height ◽

Herbicide Use ◽

Ground Part

The reduction in herbicide use is one of the greatest interests for modern agriculture and several alternatives are being investigated with this objective, including the adoption of cultivars that suppress weeds. The objective of this study was to verify if maize cultivars develop differently, in competition with weeds, to produce green ears and grain. Randomized complete block design was used, with split-plots and five replications. Cultivars DKB 390, DKB 466, DKB 350, AG 7000, AG 7575 and Master, were evaluated in the plots, without weeding and two weedings (at 22 and 41 days after sowing) in sub plots. Twenty-one species were identified in the experimental area, the most frequent being Gramineae (Poaceae), Euphorbiaceae, Leguminosae (Fabaceae) and Convolvulaceae species. There was no difference in the dry biomass above-ground part of the weeds in the plots of the evaluated cultivars. The cultivars behaved similarly in treatments with or without hoeing, except for plant height and ear height evaluations. Without hoeing, plant height increased in cultivar DKB 390, while plant height and ear height decreased in cultivar AG 7575. In the other cultivars, these traits did not change under weed control. The presence of weeds decreased the values of all traits employed to assess green corn yield, with the exception of the total number of green ears and grain yield.

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Performance of soy cultivars in the south of Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Revista Agrogeoambiental ◽

10.18406/2316-1817v9n32017976 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Elaine Cristina Batista ◽

José Luiz De Andrade Rezende Pereira ◽

Adriano Teodoro Bruzi ◽

Everton Vinucius Zambiazzi ◽

Karina Barroso Silva

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Environmental Variables ◽

Block Design ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

The South ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Minas Gerais State

Cultivar evaluation is one of the basic steps recommended for a given region, since the best adapted cultivars have higher yields, and success in this parameter is based on the genotype of the material and its interaction with the environmental variables. The aim of this study was to evaluate thebehavior of 23 soy cultivars in the soil-climatic conditions of the south region of Minas Gerais State (MG), Brazil, in the municipality of Inconfidentes. The evaluated traits were grain yield, plant height, height of insertion of the first legume and lodging. The experiments were conducted on the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 harvests, adopting a randomized block design with three replicates and 23 treatments, which were constituted by the following cultivars: FAVORITA RR, BRS MG 760SRR, NA 5909 RG, NA 7200 RR, CD 2630, CD 250, NA 7620 RR, CD 2737, TMG 123, V-MAX RR, P 98Y11 RR, NS 7100 RR, BMX Potencia, Anta 82 RR, CD 237, V-TOP, TMG 1176 RR, TMG 1174 RR, TMG 1179 RR, TMG 1181 RR, BMX Força, Monsoy 7211 RR and BRS MG 780 RR. Of the studied cultivars, those that most stood out for the traits evaluated in the conditions of Inconfidentes (MG) were TMG 1179 RR (48.6 bags of 60 kg ha-1), NA 7200 RR (45.6 bags), CD 2737 (41.1 bags), CD 237 (41 bags) and BRS MG 760 SRR (40.6 bags), all of which displayed satisfactory conditions for mechanical harvesting, demonstrating the good performance of the crop in the south region of Minas Gerais State.

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Planting Density and Soybean (Glycine max L.) Cultivars Effects on Yield Components in the Amazon

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v8i3.16277 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

Priscila Pereira Sacramento ◽

Letícia Cunha da Hungria ◽

Jamil Chaar El-Husny ◽

Luis De Souza Freitas

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Yield Components ◽

Block Design ◽

Planting Density ◽

Maximum Height ◽

Soybean Cultivars ◽

Linear Behavior ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Glycine Max L

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of planting density and cultivar of soybean on yield components in the southeast Amazon. The experiment was carried out in an Oxisol, with a randomized block design in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme. The treatments were two soybean cultivars (BRS 9090 RR and BRS 8990 RR) and four planting densities (13, 15, 18 and 20 plants m-1), with three replications. First pod insertion height (IFP), plant height (H), number of pods per plant (NPP), grain yield (Y) and weight of 100 grains (W100) were evaluated. The insertion height of the first pod showed a tendency of increase with the increment of plants per linear meter for cultivar BRS 8990 RR, different of the behavior observed for the cultivar BRS 9090 RR, which only showed difference when the density of 300.000 plants ha-1 was tested. For plant height, among soybean cultivars, there was only difference in D400, with BRS 8990 RR showing a maximum height of 83.3 cm, 21% higher than BRS 9090 RR. When evaluated under D350, BRS 8990 RR showed an increase of 13% in the number of pods compared to BRS 9090 RR. Both cultivars showed linear behavior for the grain yield, increasing according the plant population, with the highest grain yield obtained under the density of 400.000 plants ha-1 (4527.3 kg ha-1). The weight of 100 grains was not influenced by any variation factor.

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Action of auxin inhibitors on growth and grain yield of soybean

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/s0034-737x2013000500004 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 60 (5) ◽

pp. 621-628 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gederson Luiz Buzzello ◽

Michelangelo Muzell Trezzi ◽

José Abramo Marchese ◽

Elouize Xavier ◽

Edemir Miotto Junior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Block Design ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Fertility Level ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Soybean Genotypes ◽

Soybean Plants

Soybean genotypes grown in sub-tropical climate may exhibit lodging. The plant lodging is influenced by soil type and fertility level, sowing date, latitude and altitude of the location, plant population and conditions of crop development. Plant regulators and herbicides are able to avoid or reduce plant lodging. This study aimed to verify the effects of the growth regulators TIBA and daminozide on vegetative growth and yield of soybean cultivar CD 214 RR. The experiment was carried out at a field in randomized block design with four replications in a factorial scheme. The A factor was represented by the combination of regulators TIBA and daminozide and its concentrations, and the Factor B was seven times of evaluation of injury and plant height or eight times of evaluation of lodging. In the range of doses used, the application of daminozide resulted in greater injury to soybean plants than TIBA. The smaller plant height was achieved by the application of 6 g ha-1 of TIBA and 1200 g ha-¹ of daminozide. Treatments with daminozide (100 g ha-¹) and TIBA (10 g ha-1) stood out due to the reduced lodging of soybean plants. Grain weight increased linearly when the levels of TIBA increased. There was a negative correlation between lodging and grain yield and a positive correlation between plant height and lodging. There was also a negative correlation between injury caused by the application of plant regulators and lodging.

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APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT SOURCES AND DOSES OF BORON IN THE CORN CROP

JOURNAL OF NEOTROPICAL AGRICULTURE ◽

10.32404/rean.v7i4.4464 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 23-28

Author(s):

Angela Oliveira Silva ◽

Wilian Henrique Diniz Buso

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Nutrient Sources ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

The One ◽

Different Sources ◽

1000 Grain Weight

One of the main problems faced in corn cultivation, especially in Cerrado regions, is the deficiency of micronutrients. Among the micronutrients essential for the development of plants, boron (B) stands out for participating in a series of physiological processes. Based on this, the present work aimed to evaluate the performance of corn under fertilization with different sources and doses of boron. The randomized block design in a 4x3 factorial scheme was used. Four boron doses (0, 1, 2, and 3 kg ha-1) and three nutrient sources (boric acid, borax, and ulexite), applied in topdressing, were evaluated. Plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), first ear insertion height (m), ear length (cm), ear diameter (mm), number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, 1000-grain weight (g), and grain yield (kg ha-1) were evaluated. It was concluded that the boron sources and doses used did not influence the results of plant height, first ear insertion height, number of rows per ear, and grain yield. The three doses evaluated provided increases in stem diameter, with a dose of 2.08 kg ha-1 being the one with the highest average. The application of borax and ulexite results in higher values of ear diameter, number of grains per row, and 1000-grain weight. The dose of 1.74 kg ha-1 of boron provides the highest 1000-grain weight.

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Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for growth, yield and yield related traits in maize genotypes

Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology ◽

10.11594/jaab.02.02.04 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 96-104

Author(s):

Roshesh Rai ◽

Prakash Khanal ◽

Prabin Chaudhary ◽

Rabin Dhital

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Genetic Advance ◽

Improvement Program ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Maize Genotypes ◽

High Heritability ◽

Ear Height

Evaluation of the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of traits is an essential task in any plant improvement program. Twenty maize genotypes were replicated twice in a randomized complete block design on a research plot of Prithu Technical College, Deukhuri Dang of Nepal from June 2017 to September 2017 to determine genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance for different agronomic traits. Analysis of variance showed significant differences in the traits tassel length, ear height, days to fifty percent tasseling, days to fifty percent silking, kernels’ rows ear-1, kernels row-1 and grain yield. The highest GCV (31.53%) and PCV (39.20%) were recorded on grain yield. Grain yield and ear height recorded high heritability along with high genetic advance as a percent of mean (GAM). Tassel length and kernels row-1 showed high heritability integrated with moderate GAM and moderate heritability integrated with moderate GAM respectively. Further, grain yield showed a significant and positive correlation with plant height, tassel length, ear height, cob length, cob diameter, kernels’ rows ear-1, and kernels row-1. Thus the selection of ear height, tassel length and kernels row-1 is suggested as they performed better in terms of both heritability and GAM than other traits and they also recorded a significant and positive correlation with yield.

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VARIABILITY AND CORRELATION OF AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS OF MUNGBEAN GERMPLASM AND THEIR UTILIZATION FOR VARIETY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM Lukman Hakim

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.21082/ijas.v9n1.2008.p24-28 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 24 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lukman Hakim

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Seed Size ◽

Yield Components ◽

Block Design ◽

Breeding Program ◽

Path Coefficient ◽

Individual Plant ◽

Agronomic Characters ◽

Improvement Program

Information on the variability and correlation between agronomic characters of mungbean accessions with their yield are important for supporting breeding program of the plant. A total of 350 mungbean accessions were evaluated at Muara Experimental Farm, Indonesian Center for Food Crops Research and Development, Bogor, during the dry season of 2005. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications. Each accession was planted in two rows of 5 m long. Plant spacing was 40 cm x 20 cm, two plants per hill. Correlation and path coefficient analyses were used to quantify<br />the magnitude of the relationship between yield components and grain yield. The variability among the accessions was significant for most of the characters studied, especially for days to maturity, plant height, pods per plant, and seed size. Among the yield components, the number of pods per plant and plant height positively correlated with the grain yield, but the<br />seed size negatively correlated with grain yield. The direct effects of the number of pods per plant and plant height on seed yield as indicated by path coefficient were the highest, while other causal effects were small or negative. Yield variation (1- R2) attributable to the nine yield component variables was slightly high (61.23%), which means that mungbean accessions with high grain yield should have sufficient plant height and high number of pods per plant. Therefore, these parameters (number of pods per plant and plant height) can be used as the selection criteria in mungbean breeding program. These criteria can be visualized during bulk selection on the early generation stage of F2 to F4, and subsequently on line development of individual plant (pedigree) of F5.

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Performance of white oat cultivars in response to nitrogen fertilization and trinexapac-ethyl

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n5supl1p2121 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (5Supl1) ◽

pp. 2121

Author(s):

José Henrique Bizzarri Bazzo ◽

Carlos Roberto Riede ◽

Klever Márcio Antunes Arruda ◽

Carolina Pereira Cardoso ◽

Isabela Franzoni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Growth Regulator ◽

Unit Area ◽

Block Design ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Growth Retardant ◽

Growth Environment ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Oat Cultivars

The application of N at the appropriate time and dose can increase oat crop efficiency by increasing grain yield through changes in production components. High doses of N, depending on the genotype and the environment, can result in plant lodging, which can be addressed with the use of growth retardants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield components, lodging, and productivity of white oat cultivars cultivated at two planting locations under different N levels with trinexapac-ethyl growth retardant. Two assays (with and without the application of the growth retardant agent) were used in the experiments, which were set up in the region of Londrina and Mauá da Serra, Parana State, Brazil, in a randomized block design with split plots and four replications. The plots consisted of four white oat cultivars (IPR Afrodite, IPR Artemis, URS Corona, and URS Guria) and the subplots of four doses of N (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg ha-1). Plant height, number of panicles per unit area, number of grains per panicle, thousand grain weight, lodging of plants, and grain yield were evaluated. For the conditions under which the experiments were conducted, the growth regulator decreased plant height and lodging. Furthermore, the growth regulator in combination with N topdressing increased the number of panicles per unit area. Thus, the increase in grain yield with the application of a growth retardant was dependent on the characteristics of the plant growth environment. The response of genotypes to N fertilization was also dependent on the soil and climatic characteristics of the environment.

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