Cross-Border Surveillance Differences: Tick-Borne Encephalitis and Lyme Borreliosis in the Czech Republic and Poland, 1999-2008

This chapter provides an overview of the legal framework of set-off in the Czech Republic both outside and within the context of insolvency. In the Czech Republic, set-off rights are regulated exclusively by statutory law. General regulations on set-off arrangements are laid down in Sections 1982–1991 of the Czech Civil Code. Other laws relevant to set-off are the Business Corporations Act, the Capital Markets Act, the Financial Collateral Act, and the Act on Insolvency. The chapter first examines set-off between solvent parties, taking into account general regulations, specific regulations under the Business Corporations Act, contractual set-off involving multiple parties, and special regulatory regimes governing set-off in the Czech Republic. It then considers set-off between insolvent parties before concluding with an analysis of set-off issues arising in the cross-border context.

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Relation of genetic phylogeny and geographical distance of tick-borne encephalitis virus in central Europe

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/vir.0.032417-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 92 (8) ◽

pp. 1906-1916 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

M. Weidmann ◽

D. Růžek ◽

K. Křivanec ◽

G. Zöller ◽

S. Essbauer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Central Europe ◽

Encephalitis Virus ◽

Natural Focus ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽

Disease Pattern ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽

First Time

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the most important arboviral agent causing disease of the central nervous system in central Europe. In this study, 61 TBEV E gene sequences derived from 48 isolates from the Czech Republic, and four isolates and nine TBEV strains detected in ticks from Germany, covering more than half a century from 1954 to 2009, were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic and Bayesian phylodynamic analysis to determine the phylogeography of TBEV in central Europe. The general Eurasian continental east-to-west pattern of the spread of TBEV was confirmed at the regional level but is interlaced with spreading that arises because of local geography and anthropogenic influence. This spread is reflected by the disease pattern in the Czech Republic that has been observed since 1991. The overall evolutionary rate was estimated to be approximately 8×10−4 substitutions per nucleotide per year. The analysis of the TBEV E genes of 11 strains isolated at one natural focus in Žďár Kaplice proved for the first time that TBEV is indeed subject to local evolution.

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Cross-border cooperation in the Czech-Austrian borderland

Regional'nye issledovaniya ◽

10.5922/1994-5280-2019-2-7 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 68-79

Author(s):

Yu. I. Budiak ◽

B. A. Giter ◽

E. A. Grechko

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Fire Department ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Significant Progress ◽

Economic Space ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Economic Relations ◽

Cross Border ◽

Cross Border Cooperation

After WWII the transformation of the Czech-Austrian borderlands is connected with destruction of single ethno-cultural and economic space, lengthy period of the border impenetrability, social and economic backwardness of the borderlands. That period of Czech-Austrian relations has had lasting impact, strengthening the mental borders between the Austrian and the Czech that slows the recovery of the ties. The Czech-Austrian interaction within the framework of euroregions play a significant role in the revival of relationships. Among the existing in the Czech Republic euroregions with the participation of Austria (Shumava, Pomoraví, Silva Nortica), only Silva Nortica completely based on bilateral Czech-Austrian cooperation for the sustainable development of border areas. The article examines causes and consequences of the Czech-Austrian ties destruction, as well as the process of their recovery using the case of the Euroregion Silva Nortica. In the paper, we showed the importance of non-economic factors in the development of cross-border cooperation. Despite significant progress in the economic relations between Austria and the Czech Republic, especially in trade and tourism, the interaction in the borderlands remains low. To enhance this interaction, the countries attempts to create new “points of attraction” by consolidation of public services, for example, fire department within the euroregions

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