Sea Surface Heat Fluxes and Fortnightly Modulation of the Surface Temperature within the Ballenas Channel, Gulf of California

2013 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 1400-1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Martínez-Díaz-de-León ◽  
Rubén Castro ◽  
E. Santamaría-del-Ángel ◽  
I. Pacheco-Ruiz ◽  
R. Blanco-Betancourt
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes

Sea Surface Temperature Variability along the Path of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1317-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariane Verdy ◽  
John Marshall ◽  
Arnaud Czaja
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Circumpolar Current ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Heat Advection ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Sst Variability ◽  
Circumpolar Current ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Sst Anomalies

Abstract The spatial and temporal distributions of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) are investigated, using monthly data from the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis for the period 1980–2004. Patterns of atmospheric forcing are identified in observations of sea level pressure and air–sea heat fluxes. It is found that a significant fraction of SST variability in the ACC can be understood as a linear response to surface forcing by the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and remote forcing by ENSO. The physical mechanisms rely on the interplay between atmospheric variability and mean advection by the ACC. SAM and ENSO drive a low-level anomalous circulation pattern localized over the South Pacific Ocean, inducing surface heat fluxes and Ekman heat advection anomalies. A simple model of SST propagating in the ACC, forced with heat fluxes estimated from the reanalysis, suggests that surface heat fluxes and Ekman heat advection are equally important in driving the observed SST variability. Further diagnostics indicate that SST anomalies, generated mainly upstream of Drake Passage, are subsequently advected by the ACC and damped after a couple of years. It is suggested that SST variability along the path of the ACC is largely a passive response of the oceanic mixed layer to atmospheric forcing.

scholarly journals Estimation of surface heat fluxes using multi-angular observations of radiative surface temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 111674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisheng Song ◽  
Zunjian Bian ◽  
William P. Kustas ◽  
Shaomin Liu ◽  
Qing Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Radiative Surface Temperature ◽  
Angular Observations

scholarly journals Mathematical Modeling of Diurnal Patterns of Turbulent Heat Fluxes using Modified Aerodynamic Resistance Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Akinnubi ◽  
O. O. Oketayo ◽  
B. F. Akinwale ◽  
M. O. Ojo ◽  
A. Ikusika
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Aerodynamic Resistance ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Mean Bias Error ◽  
Turbulent Heat ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Diurnal Patterns ◽  
Turbulent Heat Fluxes ◽  
Following Error

The development of improved methods for estimating turbulent heat fluxes is important in effective monitoring of the surface energy balance for climate change prediction. However, different  parameterized models carried out at the local site of Nigerian Micrometeorological site (NIMEX-1) did not consider the surface heat fluxes-aerodynamics resistance relationships, and these validated models cannot be incorporated into the Climate models because some of the input climate variables are not routinely available in some meteorological stations. This study therefore, aims at improving the diurnal patterns of surface heat fluxes estimates using radiometric surface temperature and aerodynamic surface-layer resistances. Hourly data of air temperature (Ta), soil temperature (Tsoil), global radiation (QL), surface temperature (Ts), wind speed (u), QH and QE were obtained from the NIMEX-1 at Ile-Ife (7.55 oN, 4.55 oE). The QH and QE were estimated using Aerodynamic Resistance Approach algorithm which was modified to reduce the large bias errors between the aerodynamic temperature and surface temperature above the ground level. The algorithms were validated and rated using the following error statistics: coefficient of determination (r2), Mean Bias Error (MBE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The RMSE and MBE for the modeled QE estimated using ARM and MAR reduced from 28.33Wm-2 to 14.33 Wm-2 and 36.93 to 10.74 Wm-2 respectively while for QH ,the RMSE and MBE reduced from 17.29 Wm-2 to 9.49 Wm-2 and 31.39 to 16.93 Wm-2 respectively. The r2 values ranged from 0.68 to 0.73 and 0.95 to 0.98 for QH and QE respectively. The MAR had the highest r2 and least error values.  Hence, the proposed modified Aerodynamic resistance models are estimated the diurnal and seasonal turbulent heat fluxes accurately for tropical regions.

scholarly journals Observational Analysis of Extratropical Cyclone Interactions with Northeast Pacific Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (15) ◽  
pp. 6745-6763
Author(s):  
Briana Phillips ◽  
Larry O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Anomaly ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Storm Activity ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Sst Anomaly

AbstractThis study examines the interaction between a northeast Pacific upper-ocean thermal anomaly and individual fall storm events between 2013 and 2016. In 2013, a large upper-ocean thermal anomaly formed in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) with sea surface temperatures (SST) warmer than 4°C above the climatological norm. Formation of the anomaly was associated with a persistent atmospheric ridge in the GOA that produced a lull in storm activity in the boreal winter of 2013/14. While reduced storm activity was the apparent cause of this SST anomaly, we present cases where extratropical cyclones significantly eroded its mixed layer heat content on synoptic time scales. Case studies during the 4-yr period 2013–16 using satellite and Argo hydrographic observations show that early fall storms produced the largest surface heat fluxes and the greatest cooling of SST. The magnitude of thermal energy transfer from the ocean to the atmosphere during individual storm events was then determined using vertically integrated heat budgets based on Argo temperature profiles and reanalysis surface heat fluxes. Storm-induced surface heat flux anomalies accounted for approximately 50% of the warm anomaly cooling observed by Argo profiles. This rapid heat loss occurred over time scales of approximately 3–5 days. The decay of the warm SST anomaly (SSTa) occurred much more quickly than expected from classic thermal damping by SST-induced turbulent heat fluxes, which may be attributed here at least partly to much shallower mixed layers during early fall. Analysis of the individual surface flux terms indicated that the latent heat flux was the dominant contributor to storm-induced heat exchange across the air–sea interface.

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