scholarly journals Modeled diurnally varying sea surface temperatures and their influence on surface heat fluxes

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (7) ◽  
pp. 4101-4123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel R. Weihs ◽  
Mark. A. Bourassa
Keyword(s):  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Surface Temperatures

scholarly journals The Influence of the Madden–Julian Oscillation on Ocean Surface Heat Fluxes and Sea Surface Temperature

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1057-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Jones ◽  
Duane E. Waliser ◽  
Catherine Gautier
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Madden Julian Oscillation ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes

Sea Surface Heat Fluxes and Fortnightly Modulation of the Surface Temperature within the Ballenas Channel, Gulf of California

2013 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 1400-1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Martínez-Díaz-de-León ◽  
Rubén Castro ◽  
E. Santamaría-del-Ángel ◽  
I. Pacheco-Ruiz ◽  
R. Blanco-Betancourt
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes

Sea Surface Temperature Variability along the Path of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1317-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariane Verdy ◽  
John Marshall ◽  
Arnaud Czaja
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Circumpolar Current ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Heat Advection ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Sst Variability ◽  
Circumpolar Current ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Sst Anomalies

Abstract The spatial and temporal distributions of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) are investigated, using monthly data from the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis for the period 1980–2004. Patterns of atmospheric forcing are identified in observations of sea level pressure and air–sea heat fluxes. It is found that a significant fraction of SST variability in the ACC can be understood as a linear response to surface forcing by the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and remote forcing by ENSO. The physical mechanisms rely on the interplay between atmospheric variability and mean advection by the ACC. SAM and ENSO drive a low-level anomalous circulation pattern localized over the South Pacific Ocean, inducing surface heat fluxes and Ekman heat advection anomalies. A simple model of SST propagating in the ACC, forced with heat fluxes estimated from the reanalysis, suggests that surface heat fluxes and Ekman heat advection are equally important in driving the observed SST variability. Further diagnostics indicate that SST anomalies, generated mainly upstream of Drake Passage, are subsequently advected by the ACC and damped after a couple of years. It is suggested that SST variability along the path of the ACC is largely a passive response of the oceanic mixed layer to atmospheric forcing.

scholarly journals Observational Analysis of Extratropical Cyclone Interactions with Northeast Pacific Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (15) ◽  
pp. 6745-6763
Author(s):  
Briana Phillips ◽  
Larry O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Anomaly ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Storm Activity ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Sst Anomaly

AbstractThis study examines the interaction between a northeast Pacific upper-ocean thermal anomaly and individual fall storm events between 2013 and 2016. In 2013, a large upper-ocean thermal anomaly formed in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) with sea surface temperatures (SST) warmer than 4°C above the climatological norm. Formation of the anomaly was associated with a persistent atmospheric ridge in the GOA that produced a lull in storm activity in the boreal winter of 2013/14. While reduced storm activity was the apparent cause of this SST anomaly, we present cases where extratropical cyclones significantly eroded its mixed layer heat content on synoptic time scales. Case studies during the 4-yr period 2013–16 using satellite and Argo hydrographic observations show that early fall storms produced the largest surface heat fluxes and the greatest cooling of SST. The magnitude of thermal energy transfer from the ocean to the atmosphere during individual storm events was then determined using vertically integrated heat budgets based on Argo temperature profiles and reanalysis surface heat fluxes. Storm-induced surface heat flux anomalies accounted for approximately 50% of the warm anomaly cooling observed by Argo profiles. This rapid heat loss occurred over time scales of approximately 3–5 days. The decay of the warm SST anomaly (SSTa) occurred much more quickly than expected from classic thermal damping by SST-induced turbulent heat fluxes, which may be attributed here at least partly to much shallower mixed layers during early fall. Analysis of the individual surface flux terms indicated that the latent heat flux was the dominant contributor to storm-induced heat exchange across the air–sea interface.

scholarly journals Sea Surface Temperature Biases under the Stratus Cloud Deck in the Southeast Pacific Ocean in 19 IPCC AR4 Coupled General Circulation Models

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (15) ◽  
pp. 4139-4164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangxing Zheng ◽  
Toshiaki Shinoda ◽  
Jia-Lin Lin ◽  
George N. Kiladis
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Stratus Cloud ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Southeast Pacific ◽  
Coupled General Circulation Models

Abstract This study examines systematic biases in sea surface temperature (SST) under the stratus cloud deck in the southeast Pacific Ocean and upper-ocean processes relevant to the SST biases in 19 coupled general circulation models (CGCMs) participating in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4). The 20 years of simulations from each model are analyzed. Pronounced warm SST biases in a large portion of the southeast Pacific stratus region are found in all models. Processes that could contribute to the SST biases are examined in detail based on the computation of major terms in the upper-ocean heat budget. Negative biases in net surface heat fluxes are evident in most of the models, suggesting that the cause of the warm SST biases in models is not explained by errors in net surface heat fluxes. Biases in heat transport by Ekman currents largely contribute to the warm SST biases both near the coast and the open ocean. In the coastal area, southwestward Ekman currents and upwelling in most models are much weaker than observed owing to weaker alongshore winds, resulting in insufficient advection of cold water from the coast. In the open ocean, warm advection due to Ekman currents is overestimated in models because of the larger meridional temperature gradient, the smaller zonal temperature gradient, and overly weaker Ekman currents.

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