New Mexico middle-crustal cross sections: 1.65-Ga macroscopic geometry, 1.4-Ga thermal structure, and continued problems in understanding crustal evolution

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Crustal Evolution

Tensor CSAMT survey over the Sulphur Springs thermal area, Valles Caldera, New Mexico, United States of America, Part I: Implications for structure of the western caldera

Geophysics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip E. Wannamaker
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Valles Caldera ◽  
Low Resistivity ◽  
Bandelier Tuff ◽  
Sulphur Springs ◽  
Structural Relief

An extensive tensor controlled‐source audiomagnetotelluric (CSAMT) survey has been carried out over the Sulphur Springs geothermal area, Valles Caldera, New Mexico. Forty‐five sites were acquired using two crossed transmitter bipoles placed approximately 13 km south of the center of the survey. The soundings in the Sulphur Springs area were arranged in four profiles to cross major structural features. To curtail spatial aliasing, the electric bipoles along each profile were deployed contiguously. The frequency range of acquisition was 4096 Hz down to 1 Hz for the central line, but only down to 4 Hz for most sites of the other lines. CSAMT and magnetotelluric (MT) data taken outside Valles Caldera were constrained by drill logs and imply resistive Bandelier Tuff, underlain by conductive Paleozoic sediments, and further underlain by resistive, primarily Precambrian crystalline rocks. Model cross‐sections within the caldera were derived using 2-D parameterized inversion constrained by drilling, with layered‐earth inversion for starting models. Southeast of the Sulphur Creek fault, the upper 200 m of the section are of relatively low resistivity and correspond to unconsolidated land‐slide and debris flows. The Bandelier Tuff below exhibits higher but variable resistivities because of alteration controlled by local faulting. Beneath the Bandelier Tuff, the Paleozoic sedimentary layer is only moderately less resistive than it is outside the caldera, with the lowest values occuring northwest of Sulphur Creek. Its low resistivity per se does not necessarily represent a hydrothermal aquifer. The Sulphur Creek fault appears to be a locus of substantial change in structural relief; up‐throw of stratigraphy and basement to its west appears to be about 400–500 m. A major normal fault down to the southeast is located under the topographic expression of Freelove Canyon, which is up to 1 km farther southeast than suggested by previous geologic sections. High resistivities possibly corresponding to a vapor zone in the upper 500 m near VC-2B and VC-2A are not consistent with the CSAMT data.

Subsurface temperature maps in French sedimentary basins: new data compilation and interpolation

2010 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Bonté ◽  
Laurent Guillou-Frottier ◽  
Cynthia Garibaldi ◽  
Bernard Bourgine ◽  
Simon Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Local Character ◽  
Data Compilation ◽  
Temperature Maps

Abstract Assessment of the underground geothermal potential requires the knowledge of deep temperatures (1–5 km). Here, we present new temperature maps obtained from oil boreholes in the French sedimentary basins. Because of their origin, the data need to be corrected, and their local character necessitates spatial interpolation. Previous maps were obtained in the 1970s using empirical corrections and manual interpolation. In this study, we update the number of measurements by using values collected during the last thirty years, correct the temperatures for transient perturbations and carry out statistical analyses before modelling the 3D distribution of temperatures. This dataset provides 977 temperatures corrected for transient perturbations in 593 boreholes located in the French sedimentary basins. An average temperature gradient of 30.6°C/km is obtained for a representative surface temperature of 10°C. When surface temperature is not accounted for, deep measurements are best fitted with a temperature gradient of 25.7°C/km. We perform a geostatistical analysis on a residual temperature dataset (using a drift of 25.7°C/km) to constrain the 3D interpolation kriging procedure with horizontal and vertical models of variograms. The interpolated residual temperatures are added to the country-scale averaged drift in order to get a three dimensional thermal structure of the French sedimentary basins. The 3D thermal block enables us to extract isothermal surfaces and 2D sections (iso-depth maps and iso-longitude cross-sections). A number of anomalies with a limited depth and spatial extension have been identified, from shallow in the Rhine graben and Aquitanian basin, to deep in the Provence basin. Some of these anomalies (Paris basin, Alsace, south of the Provence basin) may be partly related to thick insulating sediments, while for some others (southwestern Aquitanian basin, part of the Provence basin) large-scale fluid circulation may explain superimposed cold and warm anomalies.

Chapter 7 Exploration implications

10.1144/m53.7 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Hydrocarbon System ◽  
Future Production ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Intrashelf Basin ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Basin Area ◽  
Reservoir Facies

AbstractExploration of the Jurassic hydrocarbon system in the Arabian Intrashelf Basin area is in a mature state. Given the scale of the present day anticlinal structures and the adjacent synclines, all of the supergiant conventional fields trapped in huge anticlines have already been discovered. The theme throughout this Memoir has been to present the evolution of the self-contained Callovian–Tithonian Arabian Intrashelf Basin hydrocarbon system. Its size, c. 1200 × 450 km, is greater than that of the UK, larger than the Black Sea and almost as large as Turkey or the area of Texas and New Mexico in the USA. It is geologically much simpler than these regions, both in the exceptionally remarkable continuity of facies within the sequences that developed and filled the intrashelf basin and its relative tectonic simplicity, including up to the present day. The cross-sections, facies maps, depositional profiles and other data and interpretations presented in this Memoir have documented this remarkable continuity. The source rock interval is well-defined everywhere it occurs and is mature; enough oil has been generated and migrated so that every sealed trap with reservoir facies will have oil. Around and within the basin, shallow water ramp facies in each sequence are in the reservoir facies and the early-formed porosity has been preserved. The carbonate seals and, even more so, the evaporite seals are remarkably laterally continuous. Therefore the big issue in future exploration is finding a sealed trap with potential reserves large enough to be worth drilling when compared to known reserves and estimates of future production. This chapter discusses some possibilities for stratigraphic traps and unconventional plays. Potential plays have been and/or can be identified, but finding them in the present day structural setting is likely to be very difficult.

scholarly journals The level variability, thermal structure and currents in Lake Chapala, Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ávalos-Cueva ◽  
Anatoliy Filonov ◽  
Iryna Tereshchenko ◽  
César Monzón ◽  
Diego Pantoja-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
The North ◽  
Lake Chapala ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Anticyclonic Gyre ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
North And South ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Wet And Dry Seasons

Measurements of temperature, currents and lake level taken in 2005-2014 are analyzed and discussed. Moored measurements of temperature and level in the northern part of the lake reveal the presence of seiches oscillations of the first and second modes, with periods of 5.7 and 2.8 hours, and amplitudes of 15.4 and 2.1 mm. In 2006 four temperature cross-sections were carried out in the study area. The obtained data reveal that in all four seasons of the year the temperatures averaged over the north and south coastal areas differ by 2-3°C. The lake currents were simulated using the HAMSOM 2-D hydrodynamic model both for wet and dry seasons. The model results are in good agreement with the ADCP data. The presence of an anticyclonic gyre, 10-12 km in diameter, in the central part of the lake in both seasons is revealed. In particular, the summer 2014 data provide evidence of the gyre and its impact on the spatial distribution of temperature in the lake.

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