scholarly journals A new upper Oligocene marine record from northern Sinai (Egypt) and its paleogeographic context

GeoArabia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Kuss ◽  
Mohamed A. Boukhary
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Larger Foraminifera ◽  
Larger Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Upper Oligocene ◽  
Maximum Flooding Surface ◽  
Warm Temperate

ABSTRACT The upper Oligocene Wadi Arish Formation is composed of a carbonate-dominated succession at Gebel Risan Aneiza (Sinai). The 77-m-thick unit disconformably overlies Jurassic to lower Cretaceous carbonates and is subdivided into three members, comprising six lithofacies units. The lower Wadi Arish member contains three units, a gypsiferous sandstone unit (Oa), overlain by two limestone units (Ob and Oc). The middle Wadi Arish member is represented by a conspicuous marl unit (Od) that is overlain by two upper limestone units (Oe and Of) of the upper Wadi Arish member. We discuss the euphotic subtidal depositional environments in conjunction with macro- and microfacies characteristics. Six microfacies types are defined, dominated by grain associations of rhodoliths, larger benthic foraminifera (rotaliids), corallinaceans, bivalves, peloids, few corals, and bryozoans. They characterize rhodalgal associations, common in non-tropical warm-temperate settings. Biostratigraphy is based on larger foraminifera. The middle Wadi Arish member corresponds with SB 23 (Chattian) and may correlate with Pg50, a regional maximum flooding surface. Our sequence stratigraphic interpretations define a late lowstand to early transgressive systems tract (lower Wadi Arish member), a late transgressive systems tract (middle Wadi Arish member), while the upper Wadi Arish member reflects highstand conditions. The paleogeographic setting and sequence stratigraphic interpretation of this unique upper Oligocene outcrop is placed in context of the northeast African-Arabian region.

Benthic foraminiferal assemblages from maximum flooding surface J30, Middle Jurassic Dhruma Formation, Central Saudi Arabia

Stratigraphy ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 279-292
Author(s):  
Michael A. Kaminski ◽  
Abduljamiu O. Amao ◽  
Lamidi O. Babalola ◽  
Ramona Balc ◽  
Septriandi A. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Benthic Assemblage ◽  
Larger Foraminifera ◽  
Maximum Flooding Surface

ABSTRACT: The benthic foraminiferal have been studied from mudstone-wackestones of the D5 Unit of the Dhruma Formation that represent the Middle Jurassic J30 maximum flooding surface of Sharland et al. (2001). The benthic assemblage consists of a mixture of smaller agglutinated species, Haplophragmoides, Kutsevella, Sculptobaculites, Trochammina), and calcareous species (Nautiloculina, nodosariids, ophthalmidiids, polymorphinids, and spirillinids) without any larger foraminifera. The assemblage is indicative of open-marine midshelf conditions, and contains a number of cosmopolitan taxa that are known from the Middle Jurassic in other areas of the Tethys. The recovery of open-marine and cosmopolitan smaller benthic foraminifera in the D5 Unit of the Dhruma Formation provides a new tool for identifying the J30 maximum flooding surface and correlating the interval with other regions of the Tethys.

Chemostratigraphy as a tool for sequence stratigraphy in the Devonian Hare Indian Formation in the Mackenzie Mountains and Central Mackenzie Valley, Northwest Territories, Canada

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Brette S. Harris ◽  
Maya T. LaGrange ◽  
Sara K. Biddle ◽  
Tiffany L. Playter ◽  
Kathryn M. Fiess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Silica Source ◽  
Geochemical Proxies ◽  
Stratigraphic Framework ◽  
Initial Deposition ◽  
Maximum Flooding Surface

The Hare Indian Formation (HIF) is a late Eifelian to Givetian organic-rich mudstone constituting the lower portion of the Horn River Group (HRG), which has been minimally scrutinized in the literature. This paper proposes depositional environments and a sequence stratigraphic framework for the HIF. Using composition data collected via energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, geochemical proxies inform detrital input, silica source, and paleoredox conditions. Cross-plots and chemostratigraphic profiles of detritally sourced Al, Ti, and K and redox-sensitive Mo and V inform depositional and stratigraphic constraints. Silica proportions vary, indicating that sediment was derived from detrital and biogenic sources. Al, Ti, and K distributions increase upwards, showing increased continentally sourced minerals. Redox-sensitive metals are highest in the Bluefish Member (BM), suggesting intermittent euxinia. Based on the presence of continental and pelagic sediments, the sedimentary environment is interpreted as proximal- to mid-shelf. These proxies guide systems tract interpretations. Si and redox-sensitive metal concentrations peak higher in the BM, accompanied by lowered concentrations of Al, Ti, and K, suggesting a maximum flooding surface. At the top of the Prohibition and Bell Creek members, redox-sensitive enrichments are lower with higher concentrations of Al, Ti, and K, suggesting a maximum regressive surface. Transgression occurred during the initial deposition of the BM, followed by regression for the remainder of the HIF. The sedimentology of the HIF can be difficult to decipher; the use of chemostratigraphy supports its geological history (including sedimentation trends and a local record of relative sea level) using methods that may be applied to other fine-grained successions.

scholarly journals COMMENTS ON “STRATIGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF SHALLOW-WATER BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA FROM THE LOWER CRETACEOUS TAFT FORMATION, CENTRAL IRAN (YAZD BLOCK), WITH EVIDENCE FOR THE IMPORTANCE OF HIATUSES” BY GHEIASVAND, M. ET AL. [ANNALES DE PALÉONTOLOGIE, 2020, 154 (3), 102399] AND RELATED PAPERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
FELIX SCHLAGINTWEIT
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Central Iran ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Larger Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
Potential Index

Gheiasvand et al. (2020) use the two larger benthic foraminifera species Simplorbitolina manasi Ciry & Rat and Mesorbitolina parva (Douglass) (Orbitolinidae) as upper Aptian “potential index fossils” for parts of the Taft Formation in Central Iran. This age assignment is accompanied by changes to well-established orbitolinid biozona-tions (e.g. occurrence of Praeorbitolina in the late Aptian) with far-reaching implications. These data were also used in a later “multidisciplinary study” (Gheiasvand et al., 2021) for isotopic correlations (e.g., location of OAE`s), delimitation of palaeobiogeographic faunal provinces and related migration patterns. It is shown herein that the taxa identified as S. manasi and M. parva belong to Iraqia simplex Henson and Palorbitolina lenticularis (Blumenbach) respectively documenting a lower and not an upper Aptian age. This revised age and the different taxononomic inventory do not question all results obtained by Gheiasvand et al. (2020, 2021), but provide a revised basis interpretation.

scholarly journals Biostratigraphy and Sequence Stratigraphy of Paleogene Deposits in Central Kopet-Dagh Basin (NE of Iran)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Batool Rivandi ◽  
Mohammad Vahidinia ◽  
Mehdi Nadjafi ◽  
Asadollah Mahboubi ◽  
Abbas Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphy ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Larger Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Kopet Dagh ◽  
Sudden Decrease ◽  
Shallow Carbonate Platform

In this paper, the biostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy of marine Paleogene deposits from the Kopet-Dagh basin (NE of Iran) are described. Particularly the absence of Morozovella genus is discussed. In addition, the Paleocene/Eocene boundary has been studied in detail using the record of planktonic and larger benthic foraminifera. This boundary is located probably within a thin red horizon (~10–15 cm) representing a paleosoil. Close to this boundary is located the base of the calcareous test dissolution interval, with the dominance of agglutinated benthic foraminifera and with a sudden decrease in the richness of benthic foraminiferal species. Biostratigraphic studies led to the identification of 33 genera of larger benthic foraminifera and 5 genera of planktonic foraminifera. Petrographical studies indicate that these sediments, consisting of four carbonate lithofacies (15 subfacies), may have been deposited on a shallow carbonate platform (ramp type). These lithofacies have been deposited in open marine, shoal, lagoon, and tidal flat environmental conditions. Sequence stratigraphic analysis led to the identification of four third-order depositional sequences. The interpreted sea-level curve in the Kopet-Dagh basin can be correlated with Paleocene-Eocene global curves, with a sea-level fall in the latest Paleocene, followed by a sea-level rise in the earliest Eocene.

scholarly journals THE OCCURRENCE OF TWIN EMBRYOS, ABNORMAL MORPHOLOGIES AND TEST REPAIR IN LOWER CRETACEOUS ORBITOLINIDAE (LARGER BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA): EXAMPLES FROM FRANCE, SOMALIA, IRAN, TIBET, AND TEXAS

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
FELIX SCHLAGINTWEIT
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Mechanical Fracture ◽  
Larger Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Lower Aptian

Specimens displaying unusual ( " abnormal " or aberrant) test morphologies, for example, the presence of twin embryos, or test repair after damage, are reported from Lower Cretaceous Orbitolinidae. Twin embryos (which have not always been recognized as such in the literature) are described from the upper Barremian of Tibet and France (Palorbitolina lenticularis), the upper Albian of Somalia (Orbitolina gr. sefini), and the upper Aptian-early Albian of Texas (e.g., Mesorbitolina texana). Twin embryos have so far only been reported from the Orbitolininae (with complex embryo), and not from the Dictyoconinae (with simple embryo). Repaired partially damaged tests (the damage possibly caused by predation or mechanical fracture) are observed in lower Aptian orbitolinids from Iran. Regeneration after damage (bioadjustment) leads to malformed tests.

scholarly journals ORBITOLINIDS AND OTHER LARGER BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA FROM THE APTIAN-ALBIAN OF TIBET: CRITICAL DISCUSSION OF SOME RECENTLY PUBLISHED DATA

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
FELIX SCHLAGINTWEIT
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Larger Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Stratigraphic Ranges

Orbitolinidae together with other larger benthic foraminifera are particularly important in Lower Cretaceous shallow-water biostratigraphy provided that they are correctly identified. Especially in the case of the Orbitolininae (with complex embryo), their biostratigraphic range with overlapping ranges corresponds to different lineages displaying ancestor-descendant relationship (e.g., Praeorbitolina-Mesorbitolina). In the last fifty years well established and repeatedly confirmed taxon ranges have been largely extended thereby diluting or negating any biostratigraphic value to individual species. Some biostratigraphic data provided by BouDagher-Fadel et al. (2017) from the Aptian-Albian of Tibet that are contradicting previous results are reviewed herein. This publication mostly refers to the stratigraphic ranges of Praeorbitolina cormyi Schroeder and Pseudochoffatella cuvillieri Deloffre towards the top of the Albian, and that of Palorbitolina lenticularis (Blumenbach) into the late Aptian, as well as some misidentifications.

scholarly journals Sequence-stratigraphic model of the West Siberia Lower Cretaceous

Georesursy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-191
Author(s):  
Valentina A. Zhemchugova ◽  
Vadim V. Rybalchenko ◽  
Tatiana A. Shardanova
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Structure Prediction ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Conceptual Base ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Stratigraphic Model

Apparently, conceptual base of the sequence stratigraphy is one of the most acknowledged methodologies in the geological world at the present time for the sedimentary strata structure prediction. It is based on the complex analysis of the seismic, stratigraphic and sedimentary data on the depositional bodies where the structure and facies filling is regulated by the relative sea level changes. The Lower Cretaceous section of the Western Siberia in this regard is the unique object, as it is represented by the full range of the clastic depositional environments – from relatively deep-water to the continental, which are very sensitive to the conditions changes. Sequence-stratigraphic analysis results can be used to complete the pragmatic tasks in the petroleum geology as the analysis is based on the reconstruction of the sedimentogenesis processes in the past, and the understanding of that processes is the key to the generalized depositional model development. This model can be used to create the models, which can be applied to the unique local objects that occur in the Lower Cretaceous section.

Benthic foraminiferal zonation in deep-water carbonate platform margin environments, northern Little Bahama Bank

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald E. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Sediment Gravity Flows ◽  
Gravity Flows ◽  
Platform Margin ◽  
Water Carbonate

The utility of benthic foraminifera in bathymetric interpretation of clastic depositional environments is well established. In contrast, bathymetric distribution of benthic foraminifera in deep-water carbonate environments has been largely neglected. Approximately 260 species and morphotypes of benthic foraminifera were identified from 12 piston core tops and grab samples collected along two traverses 25 km apart across the northern windward margin of Little Bahama Bank at depths of 275-1,135 m. Certain species and operational taxonomic groups of benthic foraminifera correspond to major near-surface sedimentary facies of the windward margin of Little Bahama Bank and serve as reliable depth indicators. Globocassidulina subglobosa, Cibicides rugosus, and Cibicides wuellerstorfi are all reliable depth indicators, being most abundant at depths >1,000 m, and are found in lower slope periplatform aprons, which are primarily comprised of sediment gravity flows. Reef-dwelling peneroplids and soritids (suborder Miliolina) and rotaliines (suborder Rotaliina) are most abundant at depths <300 m, reflecting downslope bottom transport in proximity to bank-margin reefs. Small miliolines, rosalinids, and discorbids are abundant in periplatform ooze at depths <300 m and are winnowed from the carbonate platform. Increased variation in assemblage diversity below 900 m reflects mixing of shallow- and deep-water species by sediment gravity flows.

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