Les bassins sedimentaires du nord de la Corse; essai de synthese stratigraphique et apercu tectonique

1964 ◽  
Vol S7-VI (3) ◽  
pp. 322-333
Author(s):  
Roland Delcey ◽  
Jean Claude Limasset ◽  
Pierre Routhier

Abstract The Saint Florent, Balagne, and Francardo basins of northern Corsica, surrounded by Paleozoic granitic and metamorphic rocks, are occupied by Permian to Triassic arkosic clastics and rhyolite overlain by dolomitic limestones, Jurassic limestones and spilite pillow lavas, Cretaceous flysch and overlying Globotrunca marly and sandy limestones, Eocene arkosic clastics, Nummulite limestone, and flysch. Although the paleogeographic history of the three basins differs in details, it was essentially the same in major features. The tectonic history, however, differed considerably depending on the structural nature of the underlying basement rocks of the basins. Presence of nappes of distant origin is suspected from relationships of the Cretaceous flysch and the Paleozoic schists east of Francardo.

1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. F. Waldron ◽  
John V. Milne

In the Humber Zone of the west Newfoundland Appalachians, the Middle Ordovician Taconian orogeny led to emplacement of the Humber Arm and other allochthons above a rift and shelf succession of late Precambrian to Early Ordovician age. Later deformation reversed this stacking in the Old Man's Pond area, where shelf sediments are thrust over the Old Man's Pond Group. East-vergent folds were subsequently developed in association with a regional, west-dipping cleavage that overprints the Taconian structures and intensifies eastward. Later, a major episode of shearing along normal-sense, northwest-dipping shear zones juxtaposed the Old Man's Pond Group against metamorphosed rift-related sediments and volcanics of the Hughes Lake Slice. This extensional episode may be related to intrusive events in adjacent central Newfoundland. The shear zones are overprinted by "cross folds," west-vergent folds, crenulation cleavage, and thrusts. These late structures are inferred to be related to westward transport of the rift–shelf succession and the Grenville-age basement rocks of the Long Range massif above a detachment surface, probably in Devonian time. The structural history is difficult to reconcile with a single, Devonian, "Acadian" orogeny, but is consistent with published isotopic data from central Newfoundland that suggest continued protracted tectonic activity in the Humber Zone in Silurian time.


2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanne Van Rooyen ◽  
Sharon D. Carr

The Thor-Odin dome is a basement-cored tectonothermal culmination in southern British Columbia containing high-grade metamorphic rocks that were polydeformed in the Late Cretaceous to Eocene. The rocks south of the Thor-Odin dome that extend ca. 20 km to the Pinnacles culmination and Whatshan batholith comprise a heterogeneous tract of polydeformed medium- to high-grade metamorphic rocks and host the South Fosthall pluton near the base of the structural section. They lie in the footwall of the Columbia River fault (CRF) zone, a moderately east-dipping, ductile-brittle, normal fault that was active after ca. 55 Ma and reactivated periodically up to 30 Ma. This tract of rocks has been interpreted as a mid-crustal zone that was exhumed and cooled during Eocene extension or, alternatively, a mid-crustal channel that was bounded at the top by the CRF and was active during the Late Cretaceous to Eocene. However, the timing of metamorphism, deformation, anatexis in basement rocks, and intrusion of leucogranite plutons reveals that there are four tectonothermal domains within the tract that each experienced metamorphism, deformation and cooling at different times. These rocks record Cretaceous metamorphism and cooling in the upper structural levels and three stages of progressive metamorphism and penetrative deformation that migrated into deeper crustal levels in the Paleocene and Eocene producing a complex structural section that was exhumed in part due to motion on the Columbia River fault zone, and in part due to NE-directed transport over a basement ramp.RÉSUMÉLe dôme de Thor-Odin correspond à une culmination tectonothermique d’un noyau de socle dans le sud de la Colombie-Britannique renfermant des roches métamorphiques de haute intensité polydéformées entre le Crétacé supérieur et l’Éocène. Les roches au sud du dôme de Thor-Odin qui s’étendent sur environ 20 km jusqu’à la culmination des Pinnacles et du batholite de Whatshan sont constituées d’une bande hétérogène de roches polydéformées à faciès métamorphique d’intensité moyenne à élevée qui constitue l’encaissant du pluton de South Fosthall près de la base de la colonne structurale. Elles se trouvent dans l'éponte inférieure de la zone de faille de la rivière Columbia (CRF), une faille normale à pendage modéré vers l’est, ductile-fragile, qui a été active après 55 Ma environ et a été réactivée périodiquement jusqu'à 30 Ma. Cette bande de roches a été interprétée comme une zone de mi-croûte qui a été exhumée et a refroidi durant l’extension éocène ou alors comme un canal mi-crustal qui a été limité au sommet par la CRF, et qui a été actif de la fin du Crétacé jusqu’à l’Éocène. Toutefois, la chronologie du métamorphisme, de la déformation, de l’anatexie dans les roches du socle, et de l'intrusion de plutons de leucogranite, montre qu'il existe quatre domaines tectonothermiques pour chaque bande qui ont subit du métamorphisme, de la déformation et du refroidissement à différents moments. Ces roches exhibent un métamorphisme et un refroidissement crétacé dans les niveaux structuraux supérieurs et trois stades de métamorphisme progressif et de déformation pénétrative qui ont migré dans les niveaux crustaux profonds au Paléocène et à l’Eocène constituant ainsi une colonne structurale complexe qui a été exhumée en partie en raison du mouvement de la zone de faille de Columbia River, et en partie en raison du transport vers le N.-E. sur une rampe de socle.


1958 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rast

SynopsisThe Schichallion complex is situated in the Central Highlands of Scotland between the villages Struan and Kinloch Rannoch. The area is of considerable geological interest and has been investigated stratigraphically and structurally by E. M. Anderson and Bailey and McCallien. As a consequence of their researches a complete stratigraphical succession has been established. Thus, the metamorphic rocks of the area are classified into the Moinian and Dalradian systems, which are separated by a plane of tectonic discontinuity known as the Boundary Slide. The Moinian rocks are quartz-felspathic granulites, whereas the Dalradian system includes pelitic schists, quartzites, limestones as well as a variety of meta-igneous rocks.In his previous research the present author has established the tectonic history of the complex. In particular three episodes of folding (F1to F3) and a much later episode of faulting (F4) were recognized. Of these the F3episode is of least significance. Consequently, events after the F2movements can be in many cases regarded as post-folding.The present contribution is concerned essentially with the mapping of the metamorphic zones (garnet and staurolite-kyanite) and with a detailed study of the mineralogical evolution of regionally metamorphosed rocks within these zones.In the field it is possible to prove that the staurolite-kyanite zone is essentially post-folding, since the kyanitepegmatites are found to cut across the minor F2-folds. In this respect textural studies confirm the field observations. The study of the internal inclusions in garnets indicates that the garnet zone has a much longer history, since pre-F2garnets are found in the southern part of the complex and throughout the central part of the area syn-tectonic F2garnets are apparent. The pre-F2garnets contain a very fine-grain F1fabric. Hence the garnets in relation to the F1movements are post-tectonic. Thus, the regional metamorphism can be subdivided into three phases: the F1metamorphism, the F2metamorphism and the post-F2metamorphism. The latter, on structural evidence appears to be at least in part contemporaneous with the F3movements.The meta-igneous rocks of the area are grouped into the hornblende-schists and granular epidiorites. The hornblende-schists appear to have suffered deformation and recrystallization during F1and F2episodes of movement. On the other hand the granular epidiorites are later than the F1and the F2movements. Although in the southern parts of the district the epidiorites have been slightly deformed, elsewhere they preserve the original ophitic texture and cut across the F1and F2folds. The deformation in the south is attributed to the effects of the F3folding. The epidiorites have been evidently emplaced as dolerites after the F2movements and before the F3metamorphism.The localized retrogressive metamorphism is associated with the F4movements, which are responsible for the Loch Tay Fault. The Fault is later than the minor intrusives associated with the Younger Granites of the Scottish Highlands and is suggested to be of a Lower or Middle O.R.S. age.On the basis of the chemical composition of the plagioclase felspars it is proposed to include all the staurolite and kyanite bearing rocks into the epidote-amphibolite facies. In this respect temperature and the hydrostatic pressure are assumed to have been the main factors, since similar minerals came into existence during static and dynamic stages of metamorphism alike.


2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-420
Author(s):  
David Gonzales

In the western San Juan Mountains, clastic (breccia) dikes crop out in Paleozoic to Cenozoic rocks. The dikes are tabular to bifurcating masses up to several meters thick and are exposed on northwest or northeast trends for up to several kilometers. They are matrix- to clast-supported with angular to rounded pebble- to boulder-sized fragments that in most dikes are dominated by Proterozoic igneous and metamorphic rocks. U-Pb age analyses (n = 3) reveal a range of zircon ages in all samples with several containing high proportions of 1820 to 1390 Ma zircons. The majority of Proterozoic zircons are interpreted as direct contributions from basement rocks during breccia dike formation and emplacement. Field relations and U-Pb zircon analyses reveal that breccia dikes formed in intervals from 65 to 30 Ma (Ouray) and 27 to 12 Ma (Stony Mountain); some dikes are closely allied with mineralization. The dikes formed at depths over 500 meters where Proterozoic basement was fragmented, entrained, and transported to higher structural levels along with pieces of Paleozoic to Cenozoic rocks. A close spatial relationship exists between breccia dikes and latest Mesozoic to Cenozoic plutons. This is best exemplified near Ouray where clastic dikes share similar trends with ~65 Ma granodiorite dikes, and there is a clear transition from intrusive rocks to altered-brecciated plutons, and finally to breccia dikes. The preponderance of evidence supports breccia dike formation via degassing and explosive release of CO2-charged volatiles on deep fractures related to emplacement of 70 to 4 Ma plutons or mantle melts. In addition to breccia dikes, several post-80 Ma events in the region involved explosive release of volatile-charged magmas: 29-27 Ma calderas, ~25 Ma diatremes, and ~24 Ma breccia pipes. Causal factors for production of these gas-charged magmas remain poorly understood, but partial melting or assimilation of altered and metasomatized lithospheric mantle could have played a role.


1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1111-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damian Nance

Continental metamorphic rocks and ophiolitic bodies within the Pelagonian zone of the Hellenides in the Livadi area, northeastern Greece, show repeated periods of deformation that accompany thermal events of Early Cretaceous and possibly Late Eocene age. Structures associated with the earlier deformation indicate thrusting towards the northeast accompanying regional metamorphism of upper greenschist to lower amphibolite facies. Later structures and a retrogression to lower greenschist facies associated with emplacement of the Livadi ophiolitic rocks into their present position are likewise attributed to northeast-directed thrusting and probably accompanied the allochthonous movement of the Pelagonian basement over the Mesozoic platform carbonates of Mt. Olympos.Emplacement vectors of northeast polarity are inconsistent with tectonic models of the Hellenides involving large-scale southwestward obduction of Mesozoic ophiolites from a single ocean located northeast of the Pelagonian zone. Tectonic models involving the converging emplacement of Mesozoic ophiolites from two oceans lying northeast and southwest of the Pelagonian zone are more compatible with the observed structures, the latter ocean providing a potential root zone for the deformed ophiolitic rocks at Livadi.The orientation of minor structures associated with thrusting that postdates the emplacement of the Livadi ophiolitic rocks is consistent with movement from north to south.


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2.1) ◽  
pp. 1-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Manzotti ◽  
Michel Ballèvrei
Keyword(s):  

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