scholarly journals Molecular analysis revealed genetic decline in hatchery-produced Cyprinus carpio

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (04) ◽  
pp. 1245-1253
Author(s):  
Sumra Naz
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cultured Fish ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Lower Population ◽  
Very High ◽  
Recent Bottleneck

Population genetic structure of cultured fish species is vital for improving the fisheries management and stock enhancement programs. The genetic variability and population genetic structure at fourteen microsatellite loci of a total 210 individuals of Cyprinus carpio from six selected hatcheries were analyzed. The data obtained through microsatellite markers showed a low- to-moderate level of genetic diversity in terms of allele numbers (Na), allelic richness (Ar), effective allele numbers (Nae) and observed heterozygosity (Ho) in all the populations. At the examined loci, 32 out of 84 possible tests were observed to be significantly (P<0.05) deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Maximal gene flow (Nm) and lower population differentiation (FST) was experienced among populations. However, significant (P<0.05) differentiation was observed among some populations. An analysis of the distribution of genetic variation indicated within individual was very high (69.07%), while, among individuals within populations and among populations was low (29.56% and 1.37%, respectively). Recent bottleneck was detected with the shifted mode. Phylogenetic neighbor joining tree analysis showed the two distinct clusters. The inferences of this study would be helpful for setting up effective management strategies for the better conservation of genetic integrity in the hatchery stocks of C. carpio.

scholarly journals Allele frequencies in loci controlling coat colour in Polish Coldblood horses

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 462-472
Author(s):  
Anna Stachurska ◽  
Antoni Brodacki ◽  
Marta Liss
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Square Root ◽  
Horse Population ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Recessive Phenotype

The objective of this study was to estimate the frequencies of alleles which produce coat colour in Polish Coldblood horse population, and to verify the hypothesis that coat colour is not considered in its selection. The analysis included 35 928 horses and their parents having been registered in the studbook over a half-century. Allele frequencies in Agouti (A), Extension (E), Dun (D), Roan (Rn), and Grey (G) loci, in parental and offspring generations, were estimated according to test matings and the square root of recessive phenotype frequency. The population structure is in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium only at E locus and coat colour is regarded by breeders. Black horses are favoured. Higher E locus homozygosity in blacks than in bays makes it easier to obtain black foals. Dun-diluted, roan and grey coat colours are undesirable and the population has come to consist almost uniformly of basic coat colours. These results show the importance of studies on population genetic structure, which despite no formal criteria for breeding for colour, can considerably change through generations.

scholarly journals Interplay between historical and current features of the cityscape in shaping the genetic structure of the house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus) in Dakar (Senegal, West Africa)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Stragier ◽  
Sylvain Piry ◽  
Anne Loiseau ◽  
Mamadou Kane ◽  
Aliou Sow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
House Mouse ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Mus Musculus Domesticus ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Genetic Patterns ◽  
Commensal Rodents

AbstractPopulation genetic approaches may be used to investigate dispersal patterns of species living in highly urbanized environment in order to improve management strategies for biodiversity conservation or pest control. However, in such environment, population genetic structure may reflect both current features of the cityscape and urbanization history. This can be especially relevant when focusing on exotic commensal rodents that have been introduced in numerous primary colonial European settlements. Accounting for spatial and temporal cityscape heterogeneity to determine how past and recent demographic events may interplay to shape current population genetic structure of synanthropic rodents may provide useful insights to manage their populations. In this study, we addressed these issues by focusing on the house mouse, Mus musculus domesticus, in Dakar, Senegal, where the species may have been introduced as soon as Europeans settled in the middle of the nineteenth century. We examined genetic variation at one mitochondrial locus and 15 nuclear microsatellite markers from individuals sampled in 14 sampling sites representing different stages of urbanization history and different socio-economic environments in Dakar. We used various approaches, including model-based genetic clustering and model-free smoothing of pairwise genetic estimates. We further linked observed spatial genetic patterns to historical and current features of Dakar cityscape using random forest and Bayesian conditional autoregressive models. Results are consistent with an introduction of the house mouse at colonial time and the current genetic structure exhibits a gradient-like pattern reflecting the historical process of spatially continuous expansion of the city from the first European settlement. The genetic patterns further suggest that population dynamics of the house mouse is also driven by the spatial heterogeneity of the current cityscape, including socio-economics features, that translate in habitat quality. Our results highlight the potential importance of accounting for past demographic events to understand spatial genetic patterns of nonnative invasive commensal rodents in highly urbanized environment.

scholarly journals Development and characterization of fourteen novel microsatellite markers for the chestnut short-tailed fruit bat (Carollia castanea), and cross-amplification to related species

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Cleary ◽  
Lisette P. Waits ◽  
Paul A. Hohenlohe
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Artibeus Jamaicensis ◽  
Dna Libraries ◽  
Primary Habitat

Rapid anthropogenic land use change threatens the primary habitat of the Chestnut short-tailed bat (Carollia castanea) throughout much of its range. Information on population genetic structure can inform management strategies for this widespread frugivorous bat, and effective protection ofC. castaneawill also benefit the more than 20 mutualistic plant species of which this bat is the primary seed disperser. To facilitate understanding of population genetic structure in this species, fourteen novel microsatellite markers were developed using restriction-site-associated DNA libraries and Illumina sequencing and tested on 28 individuals from 13 locations in Costa Rica. These are the first microsatellite markers developed forC. castanea. All loci were polymorphic, with number of alleles ranging from 2–11 and average observed heterozygosity of 0.631. Markers were also cross-amplified in three additional frugivorous bat species threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation: Sowell’s short-tailed bat (Carollia sowelli), Seba’s short-tailed bat (Carollia perspicillata), and the Jamaican fruit bat (Artibeus jamaicensis), and 10, 11, and 8 were polymorphic, respectively.

scholarly journals The Genetic Diversity and Population Genetic Structure of the Red Panda, Ailurus fulgens, in Zoos in China

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1008
Author(s):  
Yun-fang Xiu ◽  
Cheng-Chi Liu ◽  
Su-hui Xu ◽  
Chen-Si Lin ◽  
Chin-Cheng Chou
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Management Program ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Red Panda ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Ailurus Fulgens

In China, red pandas (Ailurus fulgens) have been raised in zoos for 60 years. It is very important to understand the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of the captive red pandas. Based on 19 microsatellite loci, we investigated genetic diversity and population genetic structure of 116 captive red pandas, with samples taken from 11 captive populations in China. Our results revealed a high genetic diversity among the populations, with mean allelic richness varying from 3.505 (Beijing) to 4.026 (Mianning), and expected heterozygosities varying from 0.631 (Huangshan) to 0.782 (Wenling). In particular, significant deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was found in populations of Fuzhou and Jiangsu. The genetic differentiation index across all populations was 0.055, indicating a significant genetic differentiation among the 11 populations. These populations could be divided into three genetic clusters using a microsatellite-based Bayesian clustering analysis, which were consistent with the clustering results of wild populations. We conclude that the genetic diversity among captive red pandas is as high as that of the wild population. More attention should be paid to develop a proper and scientifically-based management program to avoid inbreeding and maintain a high genetic diversity in captive red pandas.

Population Genetic Structure and Breeding Pattern of Higher Group Termite Globitermes sulphureus (Haviland) (Blattodea:Termitidae)

Sociobiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Aizatul Nathasha Khizam ◽  
Abdul Hafiz Ab Majid
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
National Park ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Mixed Family ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Species Specific

The subterranean termite Globitermes sulphureus (Blattodea: Termitidae) can be found in tropical regions. We chose seven novel species-specific microsatellite markers to infer the breeding pattern of G. sulphureus based on its colony and population genetic structure in eight selected populations (natural-n = 4 and metropolitan-n = 4) in Kedah and Penang, Malaysia. A strong correlation with their geographical location is shown by the acquired genetic gap for all studied populations from this study. The breeding pattern of family structure and comparisons of estimated F-statistics among G. sulphureus workers suggests 60% of all colonies are mixed families, whereas the remaining are simple families. Average relatedness values within simple and mixed family colonies are similar (r = 0.121). Positive fixation index FST values (FST = 0.086) indicate all eight populations (>500 m apart) have a significantly moderate genetic differentiation and low levels of inbreeding based on the low overall inbreeding coefficient FIT value of 0.391. Furthermore, four populations; Palapes USM (PU), Tmn Astana (TA), Kg Teluk (KT), and Penang National Park (NP), deviate from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE, all p = 0.000) and five studied polymorphic loci (GS1, GS10, GS15, GS27 and GS29) are possibly under selection. The findings also reveal signs of a bottleneck effect in two populations: Tikam Batu (TB) and Penang National Park (NP), indicating genetic drift.

scholarly journals Issr marker based population genetic study of mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-322
Author(s):  
Özge Kurd ◽  
Ersin Doğaç ◽  
Vatan Taşkin ◽  
Belgin Göçmen-Taşkin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Basin

The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, is a serious pest of agricultural resources. Despite its economic importance, the population genetic structure of this species is still poorly investigated at micro-geographical level, especially from eastern Mediterranean basin. Knowledge about the genetic structure of C. capitata populations is a necessary requisite for understanding population history of the species and designing successful regional eradication programs. In the current study, the inter-simple sequences repeat (ISSR) markers were employed to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of seven natural populations of C. capitata that were collected from different regions of Turkey. Low to moderate levels of genetic diversity were observed. The estimated values for gene flow (Nm) and coefficient of genetic differentiation among populations (GST) were 3.07 and 0.14, respectively. The results of Principle Component Analysis (PCoA) and Unweighted Pair Group Arithmetic Mean Analysis (UPGMA) tend to be uniform in whole, the Antalya populations was clearly separated from the rest. Local environmental conditions, such as differences in pest control management strategies, agricultural practices, microclimates and human mediated transportations might be important factors in shaping the genetic structure of this species in Antalya. This paper provides useful data for understanding population genetic structure of C. capitata populations in eastern Mediterranean basin and development of effective regional pest management strategies.

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