Efficacy of a midwife-coordinated, individualized, and specialized maternity care intervention (ChroPreg) in addition to standard care in pregnant women with chronic disease: protocol for a parallel randomized controlled trial
Abstract Background: The number of women of childbearing age with chronic diseases is rising. The risk of obstetric complications and poor psychological well-being is higher among these women, and research is needed to investigate how to meet the obstetric and psychological needs of this group during pregnancy and in the postpartum period. Previous research has shown that care coordination, continuity of care, woman-centered care and specialized maternity care interventions delivered to women with high-risk pregnancies can improve patient-reported outcomes, pregnancy outcomes, and be cost-effective. However, no previous trials have examined the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of such interventions among pregnant women with chronic diseases. This paper describes the protocol of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a midwife-coordinated, individualized and specialized maternity care intervention (ChroPreg) as an add-on to standard care for pregnant women with chronic diseases. Methods: This two-arm parallel group RCT study will be conducted from October 2018 – June 2020 at the Department of Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark. Pregnant women with chronic diseases are invited to participate; 274 women will be randomized and allocated 1:1 to the ChroPreg intervention plus standard care or standard care alone. The ChroPreg intervention consists of three main components: 1. Coordinated and individualized care, 2. Additional ante- and postpartum consultations, and 3. Specialized midwives. The primary outcome is length of hospital stay (LOS) during pregnancy and in the postpartum period and secondary outcomes are: psychological well-being (the five-item World Health Organization Well-being Index, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Cambridge Worry Scale), health-related quality of life (the 12-Item Short Form Survey), patient satisfaction (The Pregnancy and Childbirth Questionnaire), and number of antenatal visits. Explorative outcomes will be pregnancy and delivery outcomes. Data is collected via patient-administered questionnaires and from medical records. Discussion: This trial is anticipated to contribute to the field of knowledge on which planning of improved antenatal, intra- and postpartum care for women with chronic disease is founded. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03511508. Registered June 22, 2018 Keywords: Pregnancy, chronic disease, midwifery, maternity care, antenatal care, psychological well-being, complex intervention