Prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adults at Debre Berhan Town, North Shewa, Ethiopia

Abstract Background: Visual impairment refers to presenting distance visual acuity worse than 6/18 in the worst eye. It remains a global challenge that greatly affects the mobility, social participation and the quality of life of the people. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adults aged 18 years. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Debre Berhan town. Systematic random sampling method was employed to select the study participants from adult’s aged ≥ 18 years. Data were collected by interview with a pre-tested semi structured questionnaire. Both anterior and posterior segment ocular examinations were done by Optometrists and Ophthalmologist. After all ocular examinations adult’s aged ≥ 18 years with presenting Visual acuity of < 6/18 in the worst eye were considered as visually impaired. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the determinant factors and p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: A total of 416 participants were enrolled in the study with a 98.6% response rate. The prevalence of visual impairment among adults aged 18 years was 16.8% (95% CI: 13.5%-20.2%). Among the overall prevalence of visually impaired adults 27 (6.49%) had bilateral VI and 43 (10.34%) had monocular VI. Aged > 64 years (AOR=12.18, 95%CI: 4.47-33.20), illiterates AOR=3.02, 95% CI: 1.36-6.72), previous eye trauma (AOR=4.44, 95% CI: 1.64-12.04), family size > 5 (AOR: 4.44, 95% CI: 1.43-13.75) and family history of eye problem (AOR=7.02, 95% CI: 1.95-25.22) had statistically significant association with visual impairment.Conclusions: Prevalence of visual impairment among adults was found to be a significant public health problem. Older age, illiterates, previous eye trauma, large family size and family history eye problem were positively associated with visual impairment.

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Prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adults at Debre Berhan Town, North Shewa, Ethiopia.

10.21203/rs.2.15192/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Natnael Lakachew Assefa ◽

Addisu Admas ◽

Nebiyat Adimasu

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Family History ◽

Visual Impairment ◽

Family Size ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Eye Trauma ◽

Debre Berhan

Abstract Background: Visual impairment refers to presenting distance visual acuity worse than 6/18 in the worst eye. It remains a global challenge that greatly affects the mobility, social participation and the quality of life of the people. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adults aged 18 years. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Debre Berhan town. Systematic random sampling method was employed to select the study participants from adult’s aged ≥ 18 years. Data were collected by interview with a pre-tested semi structured questionnaire. Both anterior and posterior segment ocular examinations were done by Optometrists and Ophthalmologist. After all ocular examinations adult’s aged ≥ 18 years with presenting Visual acuity of < 6/18 in the worst eye were considered as visually impaired. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the determinant factors and p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: A total of 416 participants were enrolled in the study with a 98.6% response rate. The prevalence of visual impairment among adults aged 18 years was 16.8% (95% CI: 13.5%-20.2%). Aged > 64 years (AOR=12.18, 95%CI: 4.47-33.20), illiterates AOR=3.02, 95% CI: 1.36-6.72), previous eye trauma (AOR=4.44, 95% CI: 1.64-12.04), family size > 5 (AOR: 4.44, 95% CI: 1.43-13.75) and family history of eye problem (AOR=7.02, 95% CI: 1.95-25.22) had statistically significant association with visual impairment.Conclusions: Prevalence of visual impairment among adults was found to be a significant public health problem. Older age, illiterates, previous eye trauma, large family size and family history eye problem were positively associated with visual impairment.

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Prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adults at Debre Berhan Town, North Shewa, Ethiopia.

10.21203/rs.2.15192/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Natnael Lakachew Assefa ◽

Addisu Admas ◽

Nebiyat Adimasu

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Visual Impairment ◽

Family Size ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Large Family ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Eye Trauma ◽

Debre Berhan

Abstract Background : Visual impairment refers to presenting distance visual acuity worse than 6/18 in the worst eye. It remains a global challenge that greatly affects the mobility, social participation and the quality of life of the people. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adults aged 18 years. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Debre Berhan town. Data were collected by interview with a pre-tested semi structured questionnaire and ocular examinations. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 20. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the determinant factors and p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: A total of 416 participants were enrolled in the study with a 98.6% response rate. The prevalence of visual impairment among adults aged 18 years was 16.8% (95% CI: 13.5%-20.2%). Aged > 64 years (AOR=12.18, 95%CI: 4.47-33.20), illiterates AOR=3.02, 95% CI: 1.36-6.72), previous eye trauma (AOR=4.44, 95% CI: 1.64-12.04), family size > 5 (AOR: 4.44, 95% CI: 1.43-13.75) and family history of eye problem (AOR=7.02, 95% CI: 1.95-25.22) had statistically significant association with visual impairment. Conclusions: Prevalence of visual impairment among adults was found to be a significant public health problem. Older age, illiterates, previous eye trauma, large family size and family history eye problem were positively associated with visual impairment.

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Prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adults at Debre Berhan Town, North Shewa, Ethiopia.

10.21203/rs.2.15192/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Natnael Lakachew Assefa ◽

Addisu Admas ◽

Nebiyat Adimasu

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Visual Impairment ◽

Family Size ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Large Family ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Eye Trauma ◽

Debre Berhan

Abstract Introduction Visual impairment refers to presenting distance visual acuity worse than 6/18 in either or both eyes. Globally 285 million (4.25%) people had visual impairment and among those 266.4 million were adults. It has become a global challenge that greatly affects the mobility, social participation and the quality of life of the people.Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adults at Debre Berhan town.Methods and materials A community-based cross sectional study was conducted at Debre Berhan town. Data was collected by interview with pre-tested semi structured questionnaire and ocular examinations. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 20. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the determinant factors and p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Result A total of 416 participants were involved in the study with a 98.6% response rate. The prevalence of visual impairment among adults was 16.8% (95% CI: 13.5%-20.2%). Age 40-60years (AOR: 3.04, 95% CI: 1.22-7.58), age>64 years (AOR=12.18, 95%CI: 4.47-33.20), illiterate (AOR=3.02, 95% CI: 1.36-6.72), previous eye trauma (AOR=4.44, 95% CI: 1.64-12.04), family size >5 (AOR: 4.44, 95% CI: 1.43-13.75) and family history of eye problem (AOR=7.02, 95% CI: 1.95-25.22) had statistically significant association with visual impairment.Conclusion Prevalence of visual impairment among adults was found to be a significant public health problem. Older age, illiterate, previous eye trauma, large family size and family history eye problem were positively associated with visual impairment.

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Magnitude of dental caries and its associated factors among governmental primary school children in Debre Berhan town, Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.2.11338/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

wondimeneh shiferaw ◽

Yared Asmare Aynalem ◽

Getu Alamirew ◽

Rahel Mihiret ◽

Betiglua Dagne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Primary School ◽

School Children ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Primary School Children ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

P Value ◽

Food Particle ◽

Debre Berhan

Abstract Background: Globally, it estimated that 2.4 billion people suffer from caries of permanent teeth and 486 million children suffer from caries of primary teeth. It has detrimental consequences on children’s quality of life by inflicting pain, premature tooth-loss, and malnutrition and finally influences overall growth and development. In Ethiopia, oral health prevention and treatment gets low attention in the government and the existing dental services are private owned and expensive. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dental caries and its associated factors among governmental primary school children in Debreberhan town, Ethiopia, 2019. Method- An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 30– February 14/2019. A total of 417 primary school children was select using computer generated simple random sampling and interviewed using structured and pretested questionnaires. Data was coded, entered and cleaned using epi-data version 3.1 and export to SPSS version 22 for analysis. Descriptive statistics, and binary logistic regression analysis was employed to test the association between dependent and independent variables. P-value less than 0.05 was taken as significant association. Finally, the result of this study was present by text, table and graph. Result: Out of the 396 study participants, 135 (34.1%) had dental carries. Of these, more than half, 95(59.37%) had pre-molar decayed. Two hundred eighty-five (72.0%) of them were cleaned their teeth. Independent predictor of dental caries were drinking sugared tea [AOR= 2.034, 95%CI: (1.223-3.385)], and food particle on their teeth [AOR= 6.709, 95% CI: (3.475- 12.954)], had shown significant association with dental caries. Conclusion: The over magnitude of dental caries was 34.1%, which is relatively high and found to be a public health problem. Drank sugar tea, presence of food particle or dental plaque were significantly associated with dental caries. In contrast, merchant occupation, was reduced the chance of dental caries. Give health education to minimize drank sugar tea and clean their teeth after consumption of sugar tea could be emphasize

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Comparative assessment of overweight/obesity among rural and urban reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: Evidence from a cross-sectional 2016 national survey

Nutrition and Health ◽

10.1177/0260106020982346 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 026010602098234

Author(s):

Gizachew Worku Dagnew ◽

Melash Belachew Asresie

Keyword(s):

Family Size ◽

Health Problem ◽

Rural Women ◽

Alcohol Intake ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reproductive Age Women

Background: Overweight/obesity has become a global health problem for both developed and developing regions. Nowadays, overweight/obesity among childrearing-age women has become rapidly increasing in both urban and rural areas. Aim: This study aimed to assess the variation of overweight/obesity among urban and rural reproductive-age women in Ethiopia. Methods: For this study, the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey data were used. The survey was a community-based cross-sectional study, which used a two-stage stratified cluster sampling technique to select the participants. A total of 13,451 reproductive-age women were included in the analysis. Both descriptive and analytical analysis was performed. A p-value of less than 0.05 was used as the measure of statistical significance. Results: The prevalence of overweight/obesity among urban reproductive-age women was statistically higher ( p = 21.5%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 18.2–25.1) than the rural women ( p = 3.5%; 95% CI: 2.9%–4.2%). Women who attend secondary or above education, women in the age groups 25–34 and ≥ 35 years, and high wealth index (rich) had higher odds of overweight/obesity in both urban and rural women. Moreover, women who were married, who had a large family size, and who have a history of alcohol intake had higher odds of overweight/obesity among urban women. Conclusions: Overweight/obesity among reproductive-age women is a public health problem in Ethiopia, especially for women who are living in urban settings. Therefore, it is important to establish targeted overweight reduction programs with particular emphasis on urban, older aged, educated, and married women. Additionally, encouraging the limitation of the number of family size and alcohol intake can reduce women’s overweight/obesity.

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Information seeking behavior and associated factors among construction workers towards HIV/AIDS in Debre Berhan town, Northeast Ethiopia, 2019

10.21203/rs.3.rs-18742/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

MULUKEN TESSEMA

Keyword(s):

Information Seeking ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Construction Workers ◽

Information Seeking Behavior ◽

Work Place ◽

P Value ◽

Comprehensive Knowledge ◽

Debre Berhan ◽

Seeking Behavior ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Background: Information seeking behavior is the purposive seeking for information as a consequence of a need to satisfy some goals. Information is crucial for preventing the spread of the virus as there is no cure or vaccination for HIV/AIDS. The aim of this study is to assess information seeking behavior and associated factors among construction workers towards HIV/AIDS in Debre Berhan town, Northwest Ethiopia.Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 705 construction workers were included in the study. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the study participants. A structured pretested interview questionnaire was used for data collection. The data were entered and cleaned in EPI info and exported in to SPSS version 16 statistical package for analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to identify associated factors. A p-value of 0.05 was taken as a cut off value for statistical significant association. Results: Out of 705 workers, 200(28.4%) were categorized as having inappropriate information seeking behavior towards HIV/AIDS. Comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS [AOR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.47-3.50], workers who received HIV information from work place [AOR=1.52, 95% CI:1.00-2.29] and tested for HIV [AOR=1.81, 95% CI:1.19-2.73] were more likely to have appropriate information seeking behavior towards HIV/AIDS whereas female construction workers [AOR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.27-0.56] were less likely to have appropriate information seeking behavior towards HIV/AIDS.Conclusion: Appropriate information seeking behavior towards HIV/AIDS among construction workers was not satisfactory. Comprehensive knowledge of HIV, information received from work place, being tested for HIV and workers sex (gender) affects information seeking behavior towards HIV/AIDS. Work place HIV prevention and control strategy need to be implemented to increase appropriate information seeking behavior towards HIV/AIDS.

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Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Ocular Trauma in Benghazi, Libya

Khalij-Libya Journal of Dental and Medical Research ◽

10.47705/kjdmr.215108 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 53-57

Author(s):

Mariam Gebril ◽

Bahjah Esehiyb ◽

Suliman Masoud

Keyword(s):

Statistical Difference ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Ocular Trauma ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

P Value ◽

Eye Trauma ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

The World ◽

The Impact ◽

Similar Incidence

Background. COVID-19 is a new pandemic that spread over the world in 2020, for which most countries imposed rigorous lockdown to reduce its upsurge and thus its socioeconomics’ sever effects. Global measures include isolation, social distancing, lockdown any nonemergency facilities, local and international travelling restrictions. But these rules are implacable in case of trauma in general and more with ocular trauma, which represents a serious public health problem and leading cause of visual impairment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of COVID -19 lock down on number of ocular traumas acquiring surgery. Methods. A retrospective study in Aljala trauma hospital in the period from 18 March to 18 April 2020 on patients who underwent surgical intervention for non-war eye trauma. Results. A total number of patients seen in emergency department were 350 patients in 2020 with four patients needed hospital admission and surgical intervention making a 1.14% of total number. While number of patients seen at the same time in 2019 were 965 patients and three patients needed surgical intervention (0.31%). There was no statistical difference in the amount of patient acquiring surgical intervention in the two periods with the P value of >0.05 Conclusion. Although total emergency eye visits decreased during the covid-19 lockdown period, similar incidence of surgery needed ocular trauma persisted.

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Association between birth interval and wasting in children under 5 years of age in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037976 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. e037976

Author(s):

Mesfin Wudu Kassaw ◽

Ayele Mamo Abebe ◽

Biruk Beletew Abate ◽

Ayelign Mengesha Kassie ◽

Murat Açık

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Birth Interval ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Geographical Area ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Joint Estimation ◽

Hard Copy ◽

P Value ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Debre Berhan

IntroductionAccording to the UNICEF, WHO and World Bank joint estimation, 1 in every 13 children suffered from wasting globally. The highest burden of undernutrition recorded in Asia and Africa. Wasting remains a considerable public health problem in Ethiopia despite the introduction of exhaustive nutritional programmes. As reported in the literature, the prevalence of wasting in Ethiopia has remained high over the last four decades. In Ethiopia, more than one-third of child deaths are associated with malnutrition. The current nutritional interventions implemented in Ethiopia need to be evidence based. For this purpose, systematic review is preferable as it can present a more reliable and precise estimate than individual studies. The aim of this review is to assess the pooled prevalence of wasting and its association with birth interval in Ethiopia.MethodologyStudies published after 20 January 2012 will be retrieved from databases, mainly PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, CINAHL and HINARI. The articles retrieved from databases will be selected after reading the title, abstract and full text. Three reviewers will independently assess the quality of each study using both the Joanna Briggs Institute and Ottawa Scale critical appraisal checklists. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist will be used to maintain scientific strength. Funnel plots, Egger’s test and Begg’s test will be used to deal with publication bias, and I2, forest plots and Cochrane’s Q square statistics will be used for heterogeneity. Potential causes of heterogeneity will be explored through sensitivity and subgroup analyses. Because heterogeneity among studies is inevitable, given the wide geographical area and variety of study designs, the Der-Simonian and Laird random-effects model will be used. The presence of a statistical association between birth interval and wasting will be declared if the p value is <0.05 with the 95% CI.Ethics and disseminationEthical issues will not be applicable to this review and meta-analysis. This review and meta-analysis will report the pooled prevalence of wasting and its association with birth interval in Ethiopia. Effort will be made to publish the findings in a peer-reviewed journal such as the Ethiopian Journal of Health and Development, and the findings will be presented at national conferences. A hard copy will also be sent to Woldia University and Debre Berhan University.

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Pregnancy Induced Hypertension and Associated Factors among Women Attending Delivery Service at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Tepi General Hospital and Gebretsadik Shawo Hospital, Southwest, Ethiopia

Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ejhs.v29i1.4 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tesfaye Abera Gudeta ◽

Tilahun Mekonnen Regassa

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Family History ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

University Teaching ◽

P Value ◽

Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽

Delivery Service ◽

Induced Hypertension ◽

History Of

BACKGROUND: Disorders of pregnancy induced hypertensive are a major health problem in the obstetric population as they are one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization estimates that at least one woman dies every seven minutes from complications of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. The objective of this study is to assess pregnancy induced hypertension and its associated factors among women attending delivery service at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Gebretsadikshawo Hospital and Tepi General Hospital.METHODS: A health facility based cross-sectional study was carried out from October 01 to November 30/2016. The total sample size (422) was proportionally allocated to the three hospitals. Systematic sampling technique was used to select study participants. Variables with p-value of less than 0.25 in binary logistic regression were entered into the multivariable logistic regression to control cofounding. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used. P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.RESULTS: The prevalence of pregnancy induced hypertension was 33(7.9%); of which 5(15.2%) were gestational hypertension, 12 (36.4%) were mild preeclampsia, 15(45.5%) were severe preeclampsia and 1 (3%) eclampsia. Positive family history of pregnancy induced hypertension [AOR5.25 (1.39-19.86)], kidney diseases (AOR 3.32(1.04-10.58)), having asthma [AOR 37.95(1.41-1021)] and gestational age (AOR 0.096(0.04-.23)) were predictors of pregnancy induced hypertension.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of pregnancy induced hypertension among women attending delivery service was 7.9%. Having family history of pregnancy induced hypertension, chronic kidney diseases and gestational age were predictors of pregnancy induced hypertension.

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Knowledge Of Glaucoma And Associated Factors Among Adults In Gish Abay Town, Northwest Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.2.436/v5 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Zewdu Yenegeta Bizuneh ◽

Ayanaw Tsega ◽

Yezinash Addis ◽

Fisseha Admassu

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Educational Status ◽

Income Level ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

History Of ◽

Eye Examination

Abstract Background Glaucoma is a global public health problem and it is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Even though public knowledge of glaucoma is a key for early case identification and prevention of blindness, it is unknown in the study area, making provision of interventions difficult. Therefore, this study was intended to assess knowledge of glaucoma and associated factors among adults in Gish Abay town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018Methods A Community based cross - sectional design study with systematic random sampling technique was used to select 630 adults. The study was conducted from April to May, 2018. Data was entered into Epi Info version 7 and was analysed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. Binary logistic regression model and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence level was used to identify the significant factors associated with knowledge of glaucoma. Variables with P–value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results About 594 adults were participated with a response rate of 94%. Above half of (52%) the participants were females with median age of 28 years. The proportion of good knowledge was demonstrated in 16.8% [95% CI; 14.0, 19.9]. Educational status: primary education [AOR; 2.89: 1.41, 5.90], secondary education [AOR; 3.03: 1.47, 6.24] college and above [AOR; 5.18: 2.21, 12.13], history of eye examination [AOR; 6.52: 3.37, 12.63]; family history of glaucoma [AOR; 12.08: 4.13, 35.30] and higher income level [AOR; 3.11: 1.55, 6.25] were positively associated with good knowledge of glaucoma.Conclusions The proportion of good knowledge of glaucoma was low. Higher educational status, positive family history of glaucoma, eye examination and higher income level were significantly associated with knowledge of glaucoma. Key words: Knowledge, Glaucoma, Associated factors, Gish Abay, Ethiopia.

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