scholarly journals Lifestyle factors and reversion to normoglycaemia by prediabetes type in PREDAPS study.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCIA CEA SORIANO ◽  
Carolina Giráldez-García ◽  
Romana Albadalejo ◽  
Josep Franch-Nadal ◽  
Manel Mata-Cases ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Lifestyle Factor ◽  
Observational Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Normal Glucose Regulation ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Background There is little evidence on how healthy lifestyle factors can explain the variation in the proportion of patients reverting to normal glucose regulation according to type of prediabetesAims To study the role of lifestyle factors on the reversion to normal glucose regulation according to type of prediabetes.Design and Setting Observational prospective cohort study. The Cohort study in Primary Health Care on the Evolution of Patients with Prediabetes from2012-2015Methods Participants were classified, according to the definition established by ADA using either fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels between 100-125 mg/dL or HbA1c between 39-47 mmol/mol (5.7%–6.4%), in three groups. Reversion to normal glucose regulation was calculated at third year of follow-up. Relationship of lifestyle factor and type of prediabetes with reversion was estimated by means of Odds Ratios (OR) using three sequential models.Results Proportion of reversion rates were 31% for FPG group, 31% for HbA1c group and 7.9% for both altered parameters group, respectively. BMI<25 kg/m2[OR (95% CI): 1.90 (1.20-3.01)], high adherence to Mediterranean diet 1.78 (1.21-2.63) and absence of abdominal obesity 1.70 (1.19-2.43) were the strongest lifestyle predictors for reversion. Compared with those with both altered parameters, OR of reversion of prediabetes was 4.87 (3.10-7.65) for FPG group and 3.72 (2.39-5.78) for HbA1c group. These estimates remained almost the same after further adjustment for biochemical parameters and lifestyle factors.Conclusions Although optimal lifestyle factors showed to be a positive predictor, those do not seem to explain the differences according to the type of prediabetes.

scholarly journals Lifestyle factors and reversion to normoglycaemia by prediabetes type in PREDAPS study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Giráldez-García ◽  
LUCIA CEA SORIANO ◽  
Romana Albadalejo ◽  
Josep Franch-Nadal ◽  
Manel Mata-Cases ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Lifestyle Factor ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Normal Glucose Regulation ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle Interventions

Abstract Background: Healthy lifestyle interventions and drug therapies are proven to have a positive preventative influence on normal glucose regulation in prediabetes; however, there is little evidence to support the role of these factors according to the various stage of the prediabetes stateAims: This study aims to investigate the role of lifestyle factors on the reversion to normal glucose regulation according to the different stage of the prediabetes state based on most up-to-date American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines.Design and Setting: Observational prospective cohort study. The Cohort study in Primary Health Care on the Evolution of Patients with Prediabetes from 2012-2015Methods: A total of 1184 individuals aged 30 to 74 years old were included and classified based on the ADA in three mutually exclusive groups using either fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels (from 100-125 mg/dl, FPG group), HbA1c (5.7%–6.4%, HbA1c group) or both impaired parameters group. Information on lifestyle factors and biochemical parameters were collected at baseline Reversion to normal glucose regulation was calculated at third year of follow-up. Relationship of lifestyle factor and type of prediabetes with reversion were estimated using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusting by different groups of confounders.Results: Proportion of reversion rates were 31% for FPG group, 31% for HbA1c group and 7.9% for both altered parameters group, respectively. Optimal life style factors such as BMI<25 kg/m2[OR (95% CI): 1.90 (1.20-3.01)], high adherence to Mediterranean diet 1.78 (1.21-2.63) and absence of abdominal obesity 1.70 (1.19-2.43) were the strongest predictors for reversion to normal glucose. ORs of reversion to normal glucose were 4.87 (3.10-7.65) for FPG group and 3.72 (2.39-5.78) for HbA1c group, taking as reference those with both impaired parameters. These estimates remained almost the same after further adjustment for biochemical parameters and lifestyle factors.Conclusions: Although optimal lifestyle factors showed to be a positive predictor for reversion to normal glucose regulation, they do not seem to explain the differences according to the type of prediabetes.

scholarly journals The Heterogeneity of Reversion to Normoglycemia According to Prediabetes Type is not Explained by Lifestyle Factors.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Giráldez-García ◽  
Lucia Cea Soriano ◽  
Romana Albadalejo ◽  
Josep Franch-Nadal ◽  
Manel Mata-Cases ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Lifestyle Factor ◽  
Observational Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Normal Glucose Regulation ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle Interventions

Abstract Background: Healthy lifestyle interventions and drug therapies are proven to have a positive preventative influence on normal glucose regulation in prediabetes. However, little is known on the specific role that these factors play on reversion to normal glycemia according to type of prediabetesMethods: We used data from the Observational prospective cohort study. The Cohort study in Primary Health Care on the Evolution of Patients with Prediabetes from 2012-2015. A total of 1184 individuals aged 30 to 74 years old were included and classified based on the ADA in three mutually exclusive groups using either fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels (from 100-125 mg/dl, FPG group), HbA1c (5.7%–6.4%, HbA1c group) or both impaired parameters group. Information on lifestyle factors and biochemical parameters were collected at baseline Reversion to normal glucose regulation was calculated at third year of follow-up. Relationship of lifestyle factor and type of prediabetes with reversion were estimated using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) adjusting by different groups of confounders.Results: Proportion of reversion rates were 31% for FPG group, 31% for HbA1c group and 7.9% for both altered parameters group, respectively. Optimal life style factors such as BMI<25 kg/m2[OR (95% CI): 1.90 (1.20-3.01)], high adherence to Mediterranean diet 1.78 (1.21-2.63) and absence of abdominal obesity 1.70 (1.19-2.43) were the strongest predictors for reversion to normal glucose. However, those did not modify the ORs of reversion to normal glucose. Taking as reference those with both impaired parameters, subjects with FPG impairment (FP group) had an OR of 4.87 (3.10-7.65) and 3.72 (2.39-5.78) for HbA1c group. These estimates remained almost the same after further adjustment for biochemical parameters and lifestyle factors (4.55(2.84-7.28) and 3.09 (1.92- 4.97), respectively).Conclusions: Optimal lifestyle factors showed to be a positive predictor for reversion to normal glucose regulation however, the differences of reversion risk according type of prediabetes are not explained by lifestyle factors.

scholarly journals Lifestyle factors and reversion to normoglycaemia by prediabetes type in PREDAPS study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCIA CEA SORIANO ◽  
Carolina Giráldez-García ◽  
Romana Albadalejo ◽  
Josep Franch-Nadal ◽  
Manel Mata-Cases ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Lifestyle Factor ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Normal Glucose Regulation ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle Interventions

Abstract Background: Healthy lifestyle interventions and drug therapies are proven to have a positive preventative influence on normal glucose regulation in prediabetes; however, there is little evidence to support the role of these factors according to the various stage of the prediabetes state. Aims : This study aims to investigate the role of lifestyle factors on the reversion to normal glucose regulation according to the different stage of the prediabetes state based on most up-to-date American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines. Design and Setting: Observational prospective cohort study. The Cohort study in Primary Health Care on the Evolution of Patients with Prediabetes from 2012-2015 Methods: A total of 1184 individuals aged 30 to 74 years old were included and classified based on the ADA in three mutually exclusive groups using either fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels (from 100-125 mg/dl, FPG group), (HbA 1c (5.7%–6.4%, HbA1c group) or both impaired parameters group. Information on lifestyle factors and biochemical parameters were collected at baseline Reversion to normal glucose regulation was calculated at third year of follow-up. Relationship of lifestyle factor and type of prediabetes with reversion were estimated using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusting by different groups of confounders. Results: Proportion of reversion rates were 31% for FPG group, 31% for HbA1c group and 7.9% for both altered parameters group, respectively. Optimal life style factors such as BMI<25 kg/m 2 [OR (95% CI): 1.90 (1.20-3.01)], high adherence to Mediterranean diet 1.78 (1.21-2.63) and absence of abdominal obesity 1.70 (1.19-2.43) were the strongest predictors for reversion to normal glucose. ORs of reversion to normal glucose were 4.87 (3.10-7.65) for FPG group and 3.72 (2.39-5.78) for HbA1c group, taking as reference those with both impaired parameters. These estimates remained almost the same after further adjustment for biochemical parameters and lifestyle factors. Conclusions: Although optimal lifestyle factors showed to be a positive predictor for reversion to normal glucose regulation, they do not seem to explain the differences according to the type of prediabetes.

Composite Score of Healthy Lifestyle Factors and the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer in a Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
pp. canprevres.0205.2021
Author(s):  
Hung N Luu ◽  
Pedram Paragomi ◽  
Renwei Wang ◽  
Aizhen Jin ◽  
Randall E Brand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Composite Score

Abstract MP052: Lifestyle Factors and Antihypertensive Treatment on the Risks of Ischemic and Haemorrhagic Stroke

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Hu ◽  
Yurong Zhang ◽  
Pekka Jousilahti ◽  
Yujie Wang ◽  
Riitta Antikainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Antihypertensive Treatment ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Factor ◽  
Causal Pathway

Background Although hypertension is a potential intermediate factor on the causal pathway of lifestyle factor with stroke risk, the joint relationship between healthy lifestyle and antihypertensive treatment with stroke risk is unclear. Methods We prospectively investigated the individual and joint effects of healthy lifestyle factors and antihypertensive treatment on total and type-specific stroke risk among 36,686 Finnish participants who were 25 to 74 years old and free of coronary heart disease and stroke at baseline. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the associations between healthy lifestyle factors and hypertension subgroups with stroke risk. Results During a mean follow-up of 13.7 years, 1,478 people developed an incident stroke event (1,167 ischemic and 311 hemorrhagic). The risk of stroke was significantly decreased in people adhered to ≥3 healthy lifestyle factors (never smoking, normal weight, moderate/high level of physical activity, vegetable consumption ≥3 times/week, and light/moderate alcohol drinking) compared with those adhered to <3 healthy lifestyle factors and this association was present among participants with different hypertensive status. The risk of stroke was significantly increased in all hypertensive subgroups compared with the normotensive group. Compared with hypertensive subjects who did not use antihypertensive drugs and were adhered to ≥3 healthy lifestyle factors, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios in hypertensive subjects who used antihypertensive drugs and were adhered to <3 healthy lifestyle factors were 1.39 (95% CI 1.04-1.86) for total stroke, 1.42 (1.03-1.97) for ischemic stroke, 1.37 (0.72-2.58) for hemorrhagic stroke in men, and 2.27 (1.71-3.01) for total stroke, 2.31 (1.69-3.16) for ischemic stroke, 2.21 (1.16-4.23) for hemorrhagic stroke in women, respectively. Only hypertensive men but not women who used antihypertensive drugs and were adhered to ≥3 healthy lifestyle factors had decreased risks of total and ischemic stroke compared with those who did not use antihypertensive drugs and were adhered to <3 healthy lifestyle factors. Conclusions The present study demonstrates our study demonstrates that a healthy lifestyle significantly decreases the risks of total, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in different hypertensive status in both men and women. A healthy lifestyle may be more effective in preventing stroke than antihypertensive treatment in hypertensive subjects.

scholarly journals MON-586 Gut Hormones Response to 24-H High Carbohydrate Overfeeding Is a Determinant of Metabolic Adaptation to Carbohydrate Intake in Healthy Individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karyne Lima Vinales ◽  
Tim Holltein ◽  
Brittany Begaye ◽  
Mary Walter ◽  
Jonathan Krakoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Hormones ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Metabolic Flexibility ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Normal Glucose Regulation

Abstract Background: We previously demonstrated that short-term (24h) changes in carbohydrate (CARBOX) or fat oxidation rates in response to overfeeding diets with different macronutrient content are highly correlated within an individual, suggesting the existence of human metabolic phenotypes (carbohydrate vs. fat oxidizers). Gut hormones have a role in feeding and substrate oxidation, thus we investigated if the changes in gut hormones concentration during overfeeding diets or fasting explain the degree of metabolic flexibility in healthy humans.Methods: While residing in our clinical research unit, 67 healthy, weight-stable volunteers (37±10y, BMI: 26±4 kg/m2, body fat: 28±10%; mean±SD, 54 men) with normal glucose regulation had 24-h EE measurements in a whole-room indirect calorimeter during energy balance (EB, diet: 50% carbohydrate, 20% protein), three overfeeding diets, and fasting in a crossover design. The overfeeding diets (200% of weight-maintaining energy requirements) included diets with 20%-protein [50%-carbohydrate (SOF), 75%-carbohydrate (CNP), and 60%-fat (FNP)]. Metabolic flexibility was determined by the difference between respiratory quotient (RQ) during overfeeding/fasting from EB conditions. Plasma GLP-1, PYY, PP, and total ghrelin concentrations were measured by ELISA after an overnight fast the morning of and after each diet. Results: PYY increased after all overfeeding diets (3.4±13.1, 7.0±16.2, and 7.6±14.4 pg/mL; all p&lt;0.05, SOF, CNP and FNP respectively) and decreased with fasting (-11.6±14.2 pg/mL; p&lt;0.001). GLP-1 increased after fasting (2.7±5.8 pg/mL; p&lt;0.001) and FNP (1.3±4.5 pg/mL; p=0.02) and decreased with CNP (-0.9±6.3 pg/mL; p=0.04). PP only increased after fasting (92.8±133.4 pg/mL; p&lt;0.001), while ghrelin decreased with SOF (-31.3±108 pg/mL; p=0.02) and CNP (-43.1±120 pg/dL; p=0.005) but not with FNP (p=0.51). After adjustment for body composition and other known EE determinants, no hormonal changes were associated with the change in 24-h EE in any diet (all p&gt;0.05); however, during CNP greater decreases in GLP1, PYY, and Ghrelin were associated with less increase in 24-h RQ (all r&gt;0.25; all p&lt;0.05) while greater decrease in PP was associated with larger increase in 24-h RQ (r=-0.31, p=0.01). Specifically, greater increase in CARBOX during CNP was positively associated with the changes in GLP-1 (r=0.30; p=0.02) and Ghrelin (r=0.32, p=0.01). In a linear model, only the change in GLP-1, PP, and Ghrelin concentrations during CNP were independent predictors of the change in RQ [β=0.003; -0.0001; and 0.000006 per 1 pg/mL increase each, p=0.008; 0.02 and 0.02 respectively], after accounting for age and sex. Conclusion: In a carbohydrate rich environment, individuals with normal glucose regulation who maintain GLP-1 and ghrelin levels are better adapted to metabolize this type of diet.

scholarly journals Combined impact of healthy lifestyle factors on risk of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in school children: ISAAC phase III

Thorax ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Morales ◽  
David Strachan ◽  
Innes Asher ◽  
Philippa Ellwood ◽  
Neil Pearce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
International Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Lifestyle Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Asthma And Allergy ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Modifiable Lifestyle Factors

BackgroundAsthma is not the key focus of prevention strategies. A Healthy Lifestyle Index (HLI) was developed to examine the combined effect of modifiable lifestyle factors on asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema using data from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) phase III.MethodsInformation on symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, eczema and several lifestyle factors was obtained from children aged 6–7 years through written questionnaires. The HLI combined five lifestyle factors: no parental smoking, child’s adherence to Mediterranean diet, child’s healthy body mass index, high physical activity and non-sedentary behaviour. The association between the HLI and risk of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema was evaluated using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression models.FindingsData of 70 795 children from 37 centres in 19 countries were analysed. Each additional healthy lifestyle factor was associated with a reduced risk of current wheeze (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.89), asthma ever (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.87 to 0.92), current symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.97) and current symptoms of eczema (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.98). Theoretically, if associations were causal, a combination of four or five healthy lifestyle factors would result into a reduction up to 16% of asthma cases (ranging from 2.7% to 26.3 % according to region of the world).ConclusionsThese findings should be interpreted with caution given the limitations to infer causality from cross-sectional observational data. Efficacy of interventions to improve multiple modifiable lifestyle factors to reduce the burden asthma and allergy in childhood should be assessed.

scholarly journals Lifestyle factors and risk of multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases: a multinational cohort study

BMC Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Freisling ◽  
Vivian Viallon ◽  
Hannah Lennon ◽  
Vincenzo Bagnardi ◽  
Cristian Ricci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract Background Although lifestyle factors have been studied in relation to individual non-communicable diseases (NCDs), their association with development of a subsequent NCD, defined as multimorbidity, has been scarcely investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between five lifestyle factors and incident multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases. Methods In this prospective cohort study, 291,778 participants (64% women) from seven European countries, mostly aged 43 to 58 years and free of cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) at recruitment, were included. Incident multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases was defined as developing subsequently two diseases including first cancer at any site, CVD, and T2D in an individual. Multi-state modelling based on Cox regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of developing cancer, CVD, or T2D, and subsequent transitions to multimorbidity, in relation to body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and their combination as a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score. Cumulative incidence functions (CIFs) were estimated to compute 10-year absolute risks for transitions from healthy to cancer at any site, CVD (both fatal and non-fatal), or T2D, and to subsequent multimorbidity after each of the three NCDs. Results During a median follow-up of 11 years, 1910 men and 1334 women developed multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases. A higher HLI, reflecting healthy lifestyles, was strongly inversely associated with multimorbidity, with hazard ratios per 3-unit increment of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.71 to 0.81), 0.84 (0.79 to 0.90), and 0.82 (0.77 to 0.88) after cancer, CVD, and T2D, respectively. After T2D, the 10-year absolute risks of multimorbidity were 40% and 25% for men and women, respectively, with unhealthy lifestyle, and 30% and 18% for men and women with healthy lifestyles. Conclusion Pre-diagnostic healthy lifestyle behaviours were strongly inversely associated with the risk of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases, and with the prognosis of these diseases by reducing risk of multimorbidity.

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