scholarly journals Yolk Sac tumor differentiation in urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder: A case report and differential diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Espejo-Herrera ◽  
Enric Condom Mundó
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumor ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Predominant Component ◽  
Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Urinary Bladder Tumor

Abstract Background: Yolk sac tumor (YST) is a germ cell neoplasm that arises predominantly in the gonads, but can also derive from somatic neoplasms in extragonadal locations. These latter cases have been documented in several organs, although reports from the urinary tract are limited. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a bladder urothelial carcinoma with a predominant component of YST differentiation.Case presentation: We present a unique case of a 76-year-old man with a recurrent urinary bladder tumor, initially interpreted as a high grade urothelial carcinoma with glandular differentiation. In the recurrent tumor, diverse histological patterns were identified, including glandular, hepatoid and sarcomatoid. This tumor showed positivity for AFP, GLP3 and SALL4, and negativity for CK7 and EMA. Fluorescent in situ hybridization study showed a polysomic pattern of chromosome 12. All these findings led to the final diagnosis of a YST derived from urothelial carcinoma. Conclusions: YST differentiation should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a high grade urothelial carcinoma, particularly when glandular and other unusual patterns are observed.

scholarly journals Somatically derived Yolk Sac tumor of the urinary bladder: A case report and differential diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Espejo-Herrera ◽  
Enric Condom Mundó
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumor ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumors ◽  
Urinary Bladder Tumor

Abstract Background: Yolk sac tumor is a germ cell neoplasm that arises predominantly in the gonads, but can also derive from somatic neoplasms in extragonadal locations. These cases have been denominated recently as “somatically derived Yolk sac tumors”, and have been documented in several locations, although reports from the urinary tract are scarce. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a Yolk sac tumor derived from urothelial carcinoma. Case presentation: We present a unique case of a 76-year-old man with a recurrent urinary bladder tumor, initially interpreted as a high grade urothelial carcinoma with glandular differentiation. In the recurrent tumor, diverse histological patterns were identified, including glandular, hepatoid and sarcomatoid. This tumor showed positivity for AFP, GLP3 and SALL4, and negativity for CK7 and EMA. Fluorescent in situ hybridization study showed a polysomic pattern of chromosome 12. All these findings led to the final diagnosis of a Yolk sac tumor derived from urothelial carcinoma. Conclusions: Somatically derived Yolk Sac tumors should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a high grade urothelial carcinoma, particularly when glandular and other unusual patterns are observed. Key words: Yolk sac tumor, somatically derived, urothelial carcinoma, urinary bladder, case report.

scholarly journals SALL4 Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder; a Tissue Microarray Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Jaudah Al-Maghrabi ◽  
◽  
Haneen Al-Maghrabi ◽  
Ahmad Ghanim ◽  
Ayman Ghanim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Regional Lymph Node ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Urothelial Carcinomas ◽  
Normal Bladder ◽  
Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma

Sal-like protein 4 (SALL4) is a cellular pluripotent embryonic nuclear factor that has been a useful immunohistochemistry marker for germ-cell tumors. Our understanding of SALL4 expression in other human body malignancies remains limited. The diagnostic value of SALL4 expression as an independent diagnostic marker for patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the relation of SALL4 immunostaining in urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma and normal bladder urothelial tissue with clinicopathological diagnostic parameters. Material and methods: Three hundred and seventy cases of bladder urothelial carcinomas and 22 non-neoplastic bladder urothelial tissues were obtained from the Department of Pathology at King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Tissue microarrays were constructed. Tissue sections were stained using anti-human SALL4 monoclonal antibody. The immunostaining results were recorded and analyzed. Results: SALL4 exhibited weak nuclear expression in only 6 out of 370 cases of bladder urothelial carcinomas (1.6%). All the SALL4-positive cases were high-grade tumors. Normal urothelial tissues were all completely negative. SALL4 immunostaining revealed no association with gender, age, tumor invasiveness, stage, lymphovascular invasion, regional lymph node metastasis, or distant metastasis. Conclusion: SALL4 is rarely expressed in bladder urothelial carcinoma and is typically limited to high-grade tumors. However, this immunoexpression must be kept in mind when applying SALL4 antibody for differentiating urothelial carcinomas from germ-cell tumors and when assessing metastatic poorly differentiated tumors of unknown origin.

EMP2 induces cytostasis and apoptosis via the TGFβ/SMAD/SP1 axis and recruitment of P2RX7 in urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Feng Li ◽  
Ti-Chun Chan ◽  
Cheng-Tang Pan ◽  
Pichpisith Pierre Vejvisithsakul ◽  
Jia-Chen Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma

scholarly journals A Case of Urinary Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma with Squamous, Glandular, and Plasmacytoid Differentiation

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naohiro Makise ◽  
Teppei Morikawa ◽  
Yuta Takeshima ◽  
Yukio Homma ◽  
Masashi Fukayama
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma

Carcinomas in the bladder with papillary and pseudopapillary morphology - not always urothelial

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Abensur Athanazio ◽  
Maiara Ferreira de Souza ◽  
Maria Estela Pompeu do Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Prostate Adenocarcinoma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Carcinoma Prostate ◽  
Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Primary Bladder ◽  
Bladder Adenocarcinoma

Abstract Background Urothelial carcinoma shows wide plasticity and broad morphologic spectrum. In many instances, the presence of papillary morphology is reassuring of the urothelial histogenesis of a high-grade invasive lesion but is not pathognomonic. Case presentation We reported herein four cases of carcinomas in the bladder with papillary morphology that had a final diagnosis different from urothelial carcinoma (3% of cases in a 42-month period). In high-grade tumors involving the urinary tract, the presence of papillary/pseudopapillary morphology is not sufficient to render a diagnosis of papillary urothelial carcinoma. Prostate adenocarcinoma, primary bladder adenocarcinoma or metastasis must be excluded in selected case scenarios.

Dermatomyositis in a patient with high grade papillary urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-155
Author(s):  
Aman SHARMA ◽  
Susheel KUMAR ◽  
Ajay WANCHU ◽  
A. K. MANDAL ◽  
Surjit SINGH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma

scholarly journals Alterations of Chromatin Regulators in the Pathogenesis of Urinary Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 6040
Author(s):  
Michèle J. Hoffmann ◽  
Wolfgang A. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Checkpoint Control ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Genomic Changes ◽  
Chromatin Regulators ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complex ◽  
Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Histone Modifying Enzymes ◽  
Gene Expression Alterations

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most frequent histological type of cancer in the urinary bladder. Genomic changes in UC activate MAPK and PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathways, which increase cell proliferation and survival, interfere with cell cycle and checkpoint control, and prevent senescence. A more recently discovered additional category of genetic changes in UC affects chromatin regulators, including histone-modifying enzymes (KMT2C, KMT2D, KDM6A, EZH2), transcription cofactors (CREBBP, EP300), and components of the chromatin remodeling complex SWI/SNF (ARID1A, SMARCA4). It is not yet well understood how these changes contribute to the development and progression of UC. Therefore, we review here the emerging knowledge on genomic and gene expression alterations of chromatin regulators and their consequences for cell differentiation, cellular plasticity, and clonal expansion during UC pathogenesis. Our analysis identifies additional relevant chromatin regulators and suggests a model for urothelial carcinogenesis as a basis for further mechanistic studies and targeted therapy development.

scholarly journals Galactin-1 Dysregulation is Predict Factor to Prognosis of Urinary Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. S13
Author(s):  
Kun-Lin Hsieh ◽  
Chi-Cheng Su ◽  
Kun-Hung Shen ◽  
Ting-Feng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma
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