scholarly journals Seasonal Variations Affect The Ecosystem Functioning And Microbial Assembly Processes In Plantation Forests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Wang ◽  
Abolfazl Masoudi ◽  
Can Wang ◽  
Liqiang Zhao ◽  
Jia Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Organic Matter Decomposition ◽  
Functional Categories ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Plantation Forests ◽  
Nutrient Stocks ◽  
Functional Patterns ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: While afforestation mitigates climate concerns, the impact of afforestation on soil microbial compositions, ecological assembly processes, and multiple soil functions (multifunctionality) in afforested areas remains unclear. The Xiong'an New Area plantation forests (Pinus and Sophora forests) were selected to examine the effects of plantation types in four contrasting seasons on soil microbiomes.Results: We evaluated three functional categories (nutrient stocks, organic matter decomposition, and microbial functional genes) of multifunctionality, and the average (net) multifunctionality was quantified. The results showed that net soil multifunctionality as a broad function did not change seasonally, unlike other narrow functional categories. Bacterial communities were deterministically (variable selection and homogenous selection) structured, whereas the stochastic process of dispersal limitation was mainly responsible for the assembly and turnover of fungal and protist communities. Additionally, we showed that winter triggered an abrupt transition in the bacterial community assembly from deterministic to stochastic processes in Pinus forests that was closely associated with a reduction in the bacterial Shannon diversity, with functional patterns of a high level of nutrient cycling (nutrient stocks and organic matter decomposition). Conclusions: Overall, the present study contributes local-ecosystem prospects to model the behavior of soil biota seasonally and their implied effects on soil functioning and microbial assembly processes in plantation forests.

Soil microbial biomass—Interpretation and consideration for soil monitoring

Soil Research ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gonzalez-Quiñones ◽  
E. A. Stockdale ◽  
N. C. Banning ◽  
F. C. Hoyle ◽  
Y. Sawada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Anthropogenic Change ◽  
Soil Monitoring ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
The Impact

Since 1970, measurement of the soil microbial biomass (SMB) has been widely adopted as a relatively simple means of assessing the impact of environmental and anthropogenic change on soil microorganisms. The SMB is living and dynamic, and its activity is responsible for the regulation of organic matter transformations and associated energy and nutrient cycling in soil. At a gross level, an increase in SMB is considered beneficial, while a decline in SMB may be considered detrimental if this leads to a decline in biological function. However, absolute SMB values are more difficult to interpret. Target or reference values of SMB are needed for soil quality assessments and to allow ameliorative action to be taken at an appropriate time. However, critical values have not yet been successfully identified for SMB. This paper provides a conceptual framework which outlines how SMB values could be interpreted and measured, with examples provided within an Australian context.

scholarly journals Soil Microbial Community Structure and Physicochemical Properties in Amomum tsaoko-based Agroforestry Systems in the Gaoligong Mountains, Southwest China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guizhou Liu ◽  
Man Jin ◽  
Chuantao Cai ◽  
Chaonan Ma ◽  
Zhongsuzhi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
The Impact

Amomum tsaoko is cultivated in forests of tropical and subtropical regions of China, and the planting area is expanding gradually. However, little attention has been paid to the impact of A. tsaoko cultivation on the soil characteristics of the regions. We analyzed the effects of the A. tsaoko-forest agroforestry system (AFs) on the composition of soil microbial communities with increasing stand ages. We also compared the soil physicochemical properties, microbial biomass, and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) composition between native forest (NF) and AFs. The results showed that the level of total carbon, nitrogen, and organic matter dramatically dropped in AFs with increasing stand ages. pH affected other soil properties and showed close correlation to total carbon (P = 0.0057), total nitrogen (P = 0.0146), organic matter (P = 0.0075), hydrolyzable nitrogen (P = 0.0085), available phosphorus (P < 0.0001), and available potassium (P = 0.0031). PLFAs of bacteria (F = 4.650, P = 0.037), gram-positive bacteria (F = 6.640, P = 0.015), anaerobe (F = 5.672, P = 0.022), and total PLFA (F = 4.349, P = 0.043) were significantly affected by different treatments, with the greatest value for NF treatment, and least value for AF5. However, the microbial biomass declined during the initial 5 years of cultivation, but it reached the previous level after more than 10 years of cultivation. Our research suggests that AFs is a profitable land-use practice in the Gaoligong Mountains and that AFs showed a recovering trend of the soil nutrient condition with increasing stand ages. However, the severe loss of nitrogen in the soil of AFs requires additional nitrogen during cultivation to restore it to pre-cultivation levels.

scholarly journals Agricultural mulching and fungicides—impacts on fungal biomass, mycotoxin occurrence, and soil organic matter decomposition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Meyer ◽  
Dörte Diehl ◽  
Gabriele Ellen Schaumann ◽  
Katherine Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Fungicide Application ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPlastic and straw coverage (PC and SC) are often combined with fungicide application but their influence on fungicide entry into soil and the resulting consequences for soil quality are still unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of PC and SC, combined with fungicide application, on soil residual concentrations of fungicides (fenhexamid, cyprodinil, and fludioxonil), soil fungal biomass, mycotoxin occurrence, and soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition, depending on soil depth (0–10, 10–30, 30–60 cm) and time (1 month prior to fungicide application and respectively 1 week, 5 weeks, and 4 months afterwards). Soil analyses comprised fungicides, fusarium mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and zearalenone), ergosterol, soil microbial carbon and nitrogen, soil organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, and pH. Fludioxonil and cyprodinil concentrations were higher under SC than under PC 1 week and 5 weeks after fungicide application (up to three times in the topsoil) but no differences were observed anymore after 4 months. Fenhexamid was not detected, presumably because of its fast dissipation in soil. The higher fludioxonil and cyprodinil concentrations under SC strongly reduced the fungal biomass and shifted microbial community towards larger bacterial fraction in the topsoil and enhanced the abundance and concentration of deoxynivalenol and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol 5 weeks after fungicide application. Independent from the different fungicide concentrations, the decomposition of SOM was temporarily reduced after fungicide application under both coverage types. However, although PC and SC caused different concentrations of fungicide residues in soil, their impact on the investigated soil parameters was minor and transient (< 4 months) and hence not critical for soil quality.

Can tree species richness attenuate the effect of drought on organic matter decomposition and stabilization in young plantation forests?

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Md Masudur Rahman ◽  
Bastien Castagneyrol ◽  
Kris Verheyen ◽  
Hervé Jactel ◽  
Monique Carnol
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Organic Matter Decomposition ◽  
Plantation Forests ◽  
Tree Species Richness

Soil microbial diversity affects soil organic matter decomposition in a silty grassland soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 114 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 201-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Baumann ◽  
Marie-France Dignac ◽  
Cornelia Rumpel ◽  
Gérard Bardoux ◽  
Amadou Sarr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Organic Matter Decomposition ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Grassland Soil ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Decomposition

scholarly journals Microplastics have shape- and polymer-dependent effects on soil processes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anika Lehmann ◽  
Eva F. Leifheit ◽  
Maurice Gerdawischke ◽  
Matthias C. Rillig
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Organic Matter Decomposition ◽  
Soil Aggregation ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Soil Processes ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Natural Forms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil Responses

AbstractMicroplastics are a diverse and ubiquitous contaminant, a global change driver with potential to alter ecosystem properties and processes. Microplastic-induced effects in soils are manifold as microplastics differ in a variety of properties among which the shape is of special interest. Microplastic shapes can resemble natural forms or be dissimilar from natural objects. Our knowledge is limited regarding the impact of various microplastic shapes on soil processes. Therefore, we conducted this two-part research comprising a meta-analysis on published literature and a lab experiment focusing on microplastic shapes- and polymer-induced effects on soil aggregation and organic matter decomposition. We here focus on fibers, films, foams and fragments as microplastic shapes.In the meta-analysis, we revealed a strong research focus on fibrous and particulate microplastic materials, with films and foams neglected.Our experiment showed that microplastic shapes are important modulators of responses in soil aggregation and organic matter decomposition. Fibers, irrespective of their chemistry, negatively affected the formation of aggregates. This supported the shape dissimilarity hypothesis. However, for other shapes like foams and fragments, the polymer identity is clearly an important factor co-modulating the soil responses.Further research is needed to generate a data-driven foundation to build on our developing mechanistic understanding of the importance and consequences of microplastic shapes added to our soils.

scholarly journals The Impact of Redox Fluctuations on Soil Organic Matter Decomposition in Tropical Forest Soils

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita Bhattacharyya ◽  
Ashley Campbell ◽  
Rachel Hestrin ◽  
Yang Lin ◽  
Malak Tfaily ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Organic Matter Decomposition ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Decomposition ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Microplastics have shape- and polymer-dependent effects on soil aggregation and organic matter loss – an experimental and meta-analytical approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anika Lehmann ◽  
Eva F. Leifheit ◽  
Maurice Gerdawischke ◽  
Matthias C. Rillig
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Organic Matter Decomposition ◽  
Soil Aggregation ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Soil Processes ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Organic Matter Loss ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil Responses

AbstractMicroplastics are a diverse and ubiquitous contaminant, a global change driver with potential to alter ecosystem properties and processes. Microplastic-induced effects in soils are manifold as microplastics differ in a variety of properties among which the shape is of special interest. Our knowledge is limited regarding the impact of various microplastic shapes on soil processes. Therefore, we conducted this two-part research comprising a meta-analysis on published literature and a lab experiment focusing on microplastic shapes- and polymer-induced effects on soil aggregation and organic matter decomposition. We here focus on fibers, films, foams and particles as microplastic shapes.In the meta-analysis, we found a strong research focus on fibrous and particulate microplastic materials, with films and foams neglected.Our experiment showed that microplastic shapes are important modulators of responses in soil aggregation and organic matter decomposition. Fibers, irrespective of their chemistry, negatively affected the formation of aggregates. However, for other shapes like foams and particles, the polymer identity is an important factor co-modulating the soil responses.Further research is needed to generate a data-driven foundation to permit a better mechanistic understanding of the importance and consequences of microplastics added to soils.

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