How Inhaler Technique is Assessed in Children and Young People: A Scoping Review Protocol

Abstract BackgroundAsthma is the most common chronic childhood condition. Unfortunately, many children have poorly controlled asthma. Current guidelines strongly recommend that all asthma review appointments must include an assessment of the patient’s inhaler technique. However, most guidelines do not provide information on how the healthcare professional should conduct this assessment. The aim of this scoping review is to explore the published literature on methods used to assess inhaler technique. MethodsThis scoping review will follow the frameworks founded by Arksey and O’Malley and the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. We will search MEDLINE, Embase, Cinahl and the Cochrane library for studies published from 1st January 1956 to 30th November 2021, on methods of assessing inhaler technique in children and young people aged 1 to 16 years of age with asthma. We will include randomised control trials, case control studies, cohort studies and retrospective studies which investigate methods used to assess inhaler technique in children and young people. We will include studies conducted in all areas where inhaler technique assessment occurs and studies conducted by all healthcare professionals who usually undertake inhaler assessments in practice. Two reviewers will complete all screening and data extraction independently. Data will be extracted onto a charting table and a descriptive summary of the results presented. DiscussionThis scoping review will provide a broad overview of currently used methods to assess inhaler technique in children and young people with asthma. The analysis of which will allow us to consider how these methods might be used in clinical practice and research settings. Scoping review registration Open Science Framework (osf.io/e47sa).

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How we teach children with asthma to use their inhaler: A scoping review protocol

10.21203/rs.3.rs-20630/v5 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Patrick McCrossan ◽

Orla Mallon ◽

Michael Shields ◽

Dara O'Donoghue

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Open Science ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Future Research ◽

Inhaler Technique ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Children With Asthma ◽

Science Framework ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background One reason that asthma remains poorly controlled in children is poor inhaler technique. Current guidelines recommend checking inhaler technique at each clinical visit. However, they do not specify how best to train children to mastery of correct inhaler technique. Currently many children are simply shown how to use inhalers (brief intervention) which results in less than 50% with correct inhaler technique. The aim of this scoping review is to explore published literature on teaching methods used to train children to master correct inhaler technique. Methods This scoping review will follow the Arksey and O'Malley framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. We will search (from inception onwards): MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane library. We will include quantitative studies, (e.g. randomised controlled trials, cohort studies and case-control studies), published from the year 1956 to present, on teaching the skill of inhaler technique to children with asthma. Two reviewers will complete all screening and data abstraction independently. Data will be extracted onto a data charting table to create a descriptive summary of the results. Data will then be synthesised with descriptive statistics and visual mapping.Discussion This scoping review will provide a broad overview of currently used educational methods to improve inhaler technique in children with asthma. The analysis will allow us to refine future research in this area by focusing on the most effective methods and optimising them. Systematic review registration: Open Science Framework (osf.io/n7kcw).

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How we teach children with asthma to use their inhaler: A scoping review protocol

10.21203/rs.3.rs-20630/v4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Patrick McCrossan ◽

Orla Mallon ◽

Michael Shields ◽

Dara O'Donoghue

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Open Science ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Future Research ◽

Inhaler Technique ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Children With Asthma ◽

Science Framework ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

The Cochrane Library

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How we teach children with asthma to use their inhaler: A scoping review

10.21203/rs.3.rs-109562/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Patrick McCrossan ◽

Orla Mallon ◽

Michael Shields ◽

Catherine Russell ◽

Lesley Kennedy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Educational Interventions ◽

Open Science ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Future Research ◽

Inhaler Technique ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Primary Methods ◽

Children With Asthma ◽

Demonstration Video

Abstract BackgroundOne reason that asthma remains poorly controlled in children is poor inhaler technique. Guidelines recommend checking inhaler technique at each clinical visit. However, they do not specify how best to train children to mastery of correct inhaler technique. Many children are simply shown how to use inhalers which results in less than 50% with correct inhaler technique. The aim of this scoping review is to explore published literature on teaching methods used to train children to master correct inhaler technique.MethodsWe searched (from inception onwards): Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane library. We included quantitative studies, (e.g. randomised controlled trials, cohort studies and case-control studies), published from 1956 to present, on teaching inhaler technique to children with asthma. Data was extracted onto a data charting table to create a descriptive summary of the results. Data was then synthesised with descriptive statistics and visual mapping.ResultsTwenty-eight papers were identified for full text analysis. Educational interventions were found to be taking place in a variety of clinical areas and by a range of healthcare professional disciplines. ‘Brief-Instruction’ and ‘Teach-Back’ were identified as two primary methods of providing inhaler technique training in the majority of papers. Secondary themes identified were; use of written instruction, physical demonstration, video demonstrations and/or use of inhaler devices to augment inhaler technique training.ConclusionThere are a variety of means by which inhaler technique has been taught to children. We have not analysed the effectiveness of these different interventions, but have described what has been trialled before in an attempt to focus our attentions on what may potentially work best. The majority of these methods can be dichotomised to either ‘Brief-Intervention’ or ‘Teach-Back’. Based on our analysis of this scoping review, we consider the following as areas for future research; how many times does a given intervention have to be done in order to have the desired effect? For what duration does the intervention need to continue to have a long-lasting effect? And, what is the best outcome measure for inhaler technique? Systematic review registration: Open Science Framework (osf.io/n7kcw).

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Sedentary behaviour in non-ambulant children and young people with physical disabilities: a systematic search and review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053077 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. e053077

Author(s):

Marilyn Bradbury ◽

Ciara O'Brien ◽

Nathan Giles ◽

Sally Fenton ◽

Sue Neilson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Sedentary Behaviour ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Physical Disabilities ◽

Open Science ◽

Children And Young People ◽

Science Framework ◽

People With Physical Disabilities

IntroductionNon-ambulant children and young people with physical disabilities are at high risk of experiencing negative health outcomes associated with sedentary time. A previous scoping review summarising evidence relating to sedentary behaviours of children with physical disabilities identified the need for validated methods of measuring physical activity of children who use wheelchairs and evaluation of interventions to reduce sedentary time. The scoping review did not assess the quality of evidence relating to this topic, therefore its validity remains unclear. No reviews focussing on non-ambulant children and young people up to the age of 25 years have been undertaken.The objectives of this systematic search and review are to:Identify all peer-reviewed articles relating to sedentary behaviour of non-ambulant children and young people.Categorise the articles according to study design and four subquestions relating to (i) measurement, (ii) patterns, (iii) associated risks and (iv) interventions to reduce sedentary time or behaviour.Critically appraise quality of the articles using established critical appraisal tools.Summarise the evidence for each subquestion. Describe its cumulative strength and identify knowledge gaps.Methods and analysisThis protocol was developed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) checklist. The research questions, inclusion/exclusion criteria and search terms have been developed a priori using the ‘Population, Concept and Context’ framework. Online databases will be systematically searched to identify peer-reviewed articles published between 1996 and 2021. Two reviewers will screen, categorise and critically appraise the articles. Data extraction and analysis will be verified by the second reviewer.Results will be reported as a best evidence synthesis, with reference to the PRISMA checklist.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required. The review will be submitted to an appropriate peer-reviewed journal.RegistrationThe review is registered on the Open Science Framework database. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/SQXJB. Any protocol amendments will be recorded in the Open Science Framework database.

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Enamel Renal Syndrome: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.29702 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Imaan A Roomaney ◽

Salma Kabbashi ◽

Manogari Chetty

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Autosomal Recessive Disorder ◽

Open Science ◽

Open Access Journal ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Oral Rehabilitation ◽

Gingival Enlargement ◽

Data Extraction Form ◽

Science Framework

BACKGROUND Enamel renal syndrome (ERS) (OMIM 204690) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta, failed tooth eruption, intrapulpal calcifications, gingival enlargement, and nephrocalcinosis. The rarity of the condition and the variability of the phenotype has led to ERS not being fully characterized. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aims to account for the range and current state of knowledge on ERS and synthesize these findings into a comprehensive summary, focusing on the pathophysiology, genotype-phenotype correlations, and patient management from a dental perspective. METHODS The authors will conduct a systematic search of PubMed (MEDLINE), BioMed Central, EbscoHost Web, Web of Science, and WorldCat. We will include all studies with human participants with a confirmed diagnosis of ERS. Articles will be screened in two stages (ie, initially by title and abstract screening and then full-text screening by two independent reviewers). Data extraction will be conducted using a customized electronic data extraction form. We will provide a narrative synthesis of the findings from the included studies. We will structure the results according to themes. RESULTS This protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework. The electronic search was conducted in July 2020 and updated in April 2021. The research findings will be published in an open access journal. CONCLUSIONS Dentists should be able to identify patients with clinical features of ERS so that they receive appropriate referrals for renal evaluation, genetic counseling, and oral rehabilitation to increase the patient’s quality of life. A scoping review is the most appropriate method to conduct this comprehensive exploration of the current evidence, which may be sparse due to the rarity of the condition. It will also enable us to identify gaps in the research. CLINICALTRIAL Open Science Framework; https://osf.io/cghsa INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/29702

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Evacuation solutions for individuals with functional limitations in the built environment: a scoping review protocol

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-021-01844-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Brad W. R. Roberts ◽

Abdulrahman Al Bochi ◽

Mark Weiler ◽

Yashoda Sharma ◽

Cesar Marquez-Chin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Built Environment ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Functional Limitations ◽

Open Science ◽

Included Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Different Types ◽

Review Protocol ◽

Science Framework

Abstract Background Whether due to aging, disability, injury, or other circumstances, an increasing number of Canadians experience functional limitations that reduce their ability to participate in activities of daily life. While the built environment has become increasingly accessible, existing Canadian evacuation guidelines lack comprehensive strategies for evacuating individuals with functional limitations from buildings during emergencies. To inform guideline revisions, a map of existing solutions for evacuating such individuals is required. Therefore, this scoping review aims to provide an account of solutions that have been reported to safely evacuate individuals with functional limitations from the built environment. Methods We will conduct a scoping review using the Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework. To identify potentially relevant studies, comprehensive searches (from January 2002 onwards) of the CINAHL, Ei Compendex, Inspec, Embase, MEDLINE, KCI, RSCI, SciELO CI, Web of Science Collection, and Scopus databases will be performed. Using a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers will independently (1) classify identified studies as relevant, irrelevant, or maybe relevant by evaluating their titles and abstracts and (2) classify the relevant and maybe relevant studies as included or excluded by evaluating their full-text. From each included study, data on publication information, study purpose, methodological details, evacuation information, and outcomes will be extracted using a set of data extraction items. We will present a numerical summary of the key characteristics of the included studies. For each evacuation activity, reported evacuation solutions will be summarized, and citations provided for functional limitations that are targeted by a given evacuation solution. To inform Canadian evacuation guideline revisions, we will tabulate evacuation activities common to different types of buildings and emergencies. Discussion To our knowledge, this will be the first scoping review to identify the state and use of solutions for evacuating individuals with functional limitations from the built environment. Identifying solutions that enable all individuals to safely evacuate from different types of buildings will allow us to inform recommendations for the revision of evacuation guidelines in Canada and other jurisdictions. The findings of this scoping review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at relevant conferences, and made publicly available on the internet. Systematic review registration Open Science Framework: osf.io/jefgy

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Enamel Renal Syndrome: A Scoping Review Protocol

10.21203/rs.3.rs-93115/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Imaan Amina Roomaney ◽

Salma Kabbashi ◽

Manogari Chetty

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Autosomal Recessive Disorder ◽

Open Science ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Oral Rehabilitation ◽

Gingival Enlargement ◽

Data Extraction Form ◽

Human Participants ◽

Science Framework

Abstract Background: Enamel Renal Syndrome (ERS) (OMIM # 204690) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), failed tooth eruption, intra-pulpal calcifications, gingival enlargement and nephrocalcinosis. The rarity of the condition and the variability of the phenotype has led to ERS not being fully characterized. This scoping review aims to account for the range and current state of knowledge on ERS and synthesize these findings into a comprehensive summary, focusing on the pathophysiology, genotype-phenotype correlations and patient management from a dental perspective.Methods: The authors will conduct a systematic search of PubMed (MEDLINE), BioMed Central, EbscoHost Web, Web of Science and WorldCat. We will include all studies with human participants with a confirmed diagnosis of ERS. Articles will be screened in two stages i.e. initially by title and abstract screening and then full-text screening by two independent reviewers. Data extraction will be conducted using a customised electronic data extraction form. We will provide a narrative synthesis of the findings from the included studies. We will structure the results according to themes.Discussion: Dentists should be able to identify patients with clinical features of ERS so that they receive appropriate referrals for renal evaluation, genetic counselling and oral rehabilitation to increase the patient’s quality of life. A scoping review is the most appropriate method to conduct this comprehensive exploration of the current evidence which may be sparse due to the rarity of the condition. It will also enable us to identify gaps in the research.Registration: This study is registered with the Open Science Framework (OSF) (https://osf.io/cghsa).

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Loneliness in Pregnant and Postpartum People and Parents of Children Aged Five Years or Younger: a Scoping Review

10.21203/rs.3.rs-812280/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jacqueline Kent-Marvick ◽

Sara E. Simonsen ◽

Ryoko Pentecost ◽

Eliza Taylor ◽

Mary M. McFarland

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Open Science ◽

Qualitative Inquiry ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Psychosocial Needs ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

High Risk Populations ◽

Science Framework ◽

Study Participants

Abstract Background: Despite evidence that loneliness increases during times of transition, and that the incidence of loneliness is highest in young adults, loneliness during pregnancy and new parenthood has not been developed as a program of research. Because loneliness research has primarily focused on older adults and other high-risk populations, the concept of loneliness and its effects on this population are not well understood, leaving a gap in our understanding of the psychosocial needs and health risks of loneliness on pregnant people and new parents. A scoping review has been completed in order to map and synthesize the literature to date on loneliness experienced during pregnancy and the first five years of parenthood.Methods: To address the aim of this review, a wide net was cast in order to detect experiences of perinatal or parental loneliness, and/or instances where loneliness was measured in this population. Among the inclusion criteria were loneliness in people who were pregnant, who were parents in the postpartum period, or who had children aged five years or younger. A search for literature was conducted in December 2020 using nine databases: MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (embase.com), SCOPUS (scopus.com), Cochrane Library including CENTRAL (Wiley), CINAHL (Ebscohost), PsycINFO (Ebscohost), Dissertations & Theses Global (ProQuest) and Sociological Abstracts (ProQuest) and the Web of Science Core Collection (Clarivate).Discussion: Perinatal and parental loneliness studies are limited and have rarely been targeted and developed through a program of research. Loneliness inquiry in this population has frequently been studied in relation to other concepts of interest (e.g., postpartum depression). Alternatively, the importance of loneliness has emerged from study participants as relevant to the research topic during qualitative inquiry. Across studies, the prevalence of loneliness ranged from 32% to 100%. Loneliness was commonly experienced alongside parenting difficulties, with parents feeling as though they were alone in their struggles. As loneliness has been called a sensitive indicator of wellbeing, we believe screening will help healthcare professionals identify common difficulties and early signs of depression experienced during pregnancy and parenthood.The protocol is available on Open Science Framework at DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/BFVPZ.

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Policy addressing suicidality in children and young people: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023153 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. e023153 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lynne Gilmour ◽

Edward Duncan ◽

Margaret Maxwell

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Young People ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Best Practice ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Health Issue ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Policy Documents ◽

Children And Young People ◽

Mesh Terms

IntroductionSuicide is one of the leading causes of death among children and young people globally and a major public health issue. Government policies determine how much recognised health issues are prioritised and set the context for investment, development and delivery of services. A review of policies concerning children and young people who are suicidal could shed light on the extent that this public health issue is prioritised and highlight examples of best practice in this area. There has never been a review to explore how policy worldwide addresses the specific needs of this vulnerable population. This review will map the key policy documents and identify their relevance to the review question: how does policy address the treatment and care of children and young people who experience suicidality? (international, national (UK) and local (Scotland)).MethodologyEmploying scoping review methodological guidance a systematic and transparent approach will be taken. Preliminary searches will facilitate the identification of MeSh terms, subject headings, individual database and platform nuances. A full search strategy will be created to search five databases: CINAHL, PsychInfo, Medline, Web of Science and Cochrane. Government and other key agency websites (eg, WHO, Unicef) will be searched to identify policy documents. The reference lists of identified documents will be checked. A second reviewer will independently screen and cross validate eligible studies for final inclusion. A data extraction template will then be used to extract key information. We will report our findings using narrative synthesis and tabulate findings, by agreed key components.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required to conduct a scoping review. We will disseminate the findings through a peer-reviewed publication and conference presentation.

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An investigation into the use of mHealth in musculoskeletal physiotherapy: Scoping Review (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.33609 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jonathon Michael Russell Agnew ◽

Catherine Hanratty ◽

Joseph McVeigh ◽

Christopher Nugent ◽

Daniel Kerr

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

English Language ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Exercise Programme ◽

Open Science ◽

Home Exercise ◽

Home Exercise Programme ◽

Exercise Programmes ◽

Science Framework

BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal (MSK) physiotherapy provides conservative management for a range of conditions. Currently, there is a lack of engagement with exercise programmes due to a lack of supervision and low self-efficacy. The use of mHealth interventions could be a possible solution to this problem, helping to promote self-management in the home. However, there is little evidence within MSK physiotherapy on the most effective forms of mHealth. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to investigate the literature focusing on the use of mHealth within MSK physiotherapy and summarise the evidence METHODS A scoping review of six peer-reviewed databases was conducted. No date limits were applied, but only articles in the English language were selected. One reviewer screened all articles, followed by two additional researchers screening a random sample prior to data extraction. RESULTS 28 studies (n = 1393) were identified. Intervention characteristics consisted of stretching and strengthening exercises, primarily for degenerative joint pain and spinal conditions. The most reported use of mHealth included telephone and/or videoconferencing calls to provide a home exercise programme or used as an adjunct to a physiotherapy MSK assessment. While patient satisfaction with mHealth was reported as high, reasons for disengagement included a lack of high-quality information and poor Internet speeds. Barriers to clinical uptake included insufficient training with the intervention and lack of time to become familiar. CONCLUSIONS MHealth has some benefits regarding treatment adherence and can potentially be as effective as normal physiotherapy care while being more cost effective. Current use is most effective when ongoing feedback from a healthcare professional is available. CLINICALTRIAL The protocol for this Scoping Review was registered on the Open Science Framework (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/2YWPZ).

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