scholarly journals White Matter Changes, Duration of Hypertension, and Age Are Associated With Cerebral Microbleeds in Hypertensive Patients of Different Stages

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhu Liang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Cheng Liu ◽  
Lingfei Guo
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Cerebral Microbleeds ◽  
Stage Duration ◽  
White Matter Changes ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose We aimed to investigate risk factors for the presence and number of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in patients with different hypertension stages, with an emphasis on the relationship between white matter changes (WMCs) and CMBs.Materials and methods Since 2016, participants aged 40 years or more have been evaluated for the presence of CMBs using enhanced 3D multi-echo GE T2*-weighted angiography (ESWAN) sequences. The Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson χ2 test were used to compare the clinical characteristics between the CMB and no-CMB groups of patients. Furthermore, we used Spearman’s rank correlation analyses to examine the association between the degree of CMB severity and other important factors.Results CMBs were detected in 110 (36.7%) of 300 participants. Among patients with stage 2 hypertension, the majority also had CMBs. CMBs were positively correlated with age, hypertension stage, duration of hypertension, WMCs, and silent cerebral infarction. Patients with grade 3 WMCs were significantly more likely to have CMBs than those without WMCs; this association was true for patients with both stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension. In patients with stage 1 or stage 2 hypertension lasting longer than 20 years, the majority had CMBs.Conclusions CMBs detected in hypertensive patients are more likely to occur in deep structures, and the grade of WMCs and duration of hypertension are more closely associated with the CMB degree than with age.Synopsis: The grade of WMCs and duration of hypertension are more closely associated with the CMB degree than with age.

scholarly journals Improvement of intestinal flora: accompany with the antihypertensive effect of electroacupuncture on stage 1 hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-meng Wang ◽  
Ming-xiao Yang ◽  
Qiao-feng Wu ◽  
Ji Chen ◽  
Shu-fang Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Oscillometric Device ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Increasing evidence have indicated the relationship between intestinal dysbiosis and hypertension. We aimed to evaluate the effect of the electroacupuncture (EA) on intestinal microbiota in patients with stage 1 hypertension. Methods 93 hypertensive patients and 15 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Applying a highly accurate oscillometric device to evaluate the antihypertensive effect of EA. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to profile stool microbial communities from Healthy group, Before treatment (BT) group and After treatment (AT) group, and various multivariate analysis approaches were used to assess diversity, composition and abundance of intestinal microbiota. Results In this study, EA significantly decreased the blood pressure (BP) of hypertensive patients. Higher abundance of Firmicutes and lower Bacteroidetes abundance were observed in the BT group compared to the Healthy group. And EA treatment significantly decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio compared to the BT group. Moreover, at the genus level, there was an increased abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in patients with hypertension, while Blautia were decreased, and EA reversed these changes. Conclusions Our study indicates that EA can effectively lower BP and improve the structure of intestinal microbiota which are correlate with the alteration of blood pressure by electroacupuncture. Trial registration: Clinicaltrial.gov, NCT01701726. Registered 5 October 2012, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT01701726

scholarly journals The relationship between the effectiveness of performing technical elements and indicators of static and dynamic balance in young acrobats 6-7 years old

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
T. Chernykh ◽  
V. Mulyk ◽  
K. Mulyk ◽  
А. Skaliy ◽  
А. Ostrowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Equilibrium Test ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: to determine the relationship between the performance of basic elements and indicators of static and dynamic balance in the training process of young acrobats 6-7 years. Material and methods. The study involved 16 young acrobats at the stage of initial training (age 6-7 years). All parents of the participants gave written consent for the participation of children in the study. The study involved testing the technique of performing basic elements of sports acrobatics and assessing the static and dynamic balance of young athletes. The relationship between (swallow, shoulder blade, forward squat, wheel (sideways overturning), bridges) and static and dynamic equilibrium tests was determined. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient method was used as a method of statistical analysis. Results. It is established that the largest relationship between the performance of basic elements and static balance in the basic exercises of young acrobats have: Romberg's test with the elements "Swallow", "Stand on the shoulders", "Bridge"; Biryuk test with elements "Swallow", "Wheel", "Bridge"; balance "Swallow" with elements "Swallow", "Wheel"; static equilibrium test with the elements "Swallow", "Rack on the shoulders", "Rolling forward with a squat", "Wheel". Reliable values ​​of the correlation coefficient were established between the tests of dynamic balance and the basic elements of sports acrobatics in young athletes 6-7 years, namely: "Swallow", "Flip forward with a squat", "Wheel" and "Bridge". The analysis of special tests of static and dynamic balance in mastering the basic elements of acrobatics at the first stage of long-term training makes it possible to use them to determine the level of coordination capabilities of young athletes and further improve the use of acrobatic exercises. Conclusions. A reliable relationship between the performance of basic exercises and indicators of static and dynamic balance in young acrobats at the initial stage of training. It is shown that the level of static and dynamic balance is of great importance for the assimilation and improvement of basic elements of technology by young acrobats 6-7 years. Static and dynamic balance tests can be used to individually build training programs and young acrobats. It is shown that sports acrobatics is a significant means of developing the balance of children 6-7 years.

The Relationship between Arch Dimensions and the 5-Year Index in the Primary Dentition of Patients with Complete UCLP

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 635-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.T. Dibiase ◽  
D.D. Dibiase ◽  
N.J. Hay ◽  
B.C. Sommerlad
Keyword(s):  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Primary Dentition ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Growth Study ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Primary Surgery ◽  
Transverse Arch ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Maxillary Arch

Objective To compare dental arch dimensions of children in the primary dentition with repaired unilateral clefts of the lip and palate (UCLP) to a noncleft group of a similar age and determine how the dimensions of the cleft arches relate to an index of treatment outcome. Method Dental study casts of 44 5- to 6-year-olds with complete UCLP (22 boys and 22 girls) from a single center, whose primary surgery had been carried out by one surgeon, were matched for age, sex, and ethnicity with dental study casts from a longitudinal growth study. Analysis of variance was used to ascertain differences in arch dimensions between the two groups. The cleft group casts were then assessed with an established index of surgical outcome, the 5-year-old index. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to see how the arch dimensions of the cleft group related to the categories of the index. Results and Conclusions Maxillary arch dimensions were significantly smaller in the cleft group than in the noncleft group, irrespective of sex (p < .05). In the mandibular arch, there was no difference between the cleft and noncleft groups (p > .05). Maxillary arch dimensions of the cleft group correlated significantly with the 5-year-old index for arch length and intercanine width (p < .05) but not intermolar width (p = .842). This would suggest that the 5-year-old index is a suitable tool for assessing the outcome of treatment in the primary dentition for anteroposterior and anterior transverse arch dimensions.

scholarly journals Effect of Mineral Mix and Concentrate Feeds on Milk Revenue of Smallholder Dairy Farmers in Kapseret Sub County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
J. K. Bett ◽  
S. W. Munyiri ◽  
I. M. Nkari
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Smallholder Dairy ◽  
The Relationship

Dairy farming contributes about eight percent of National Gross Domestic Product with an annual milk production of 3.43 billion litres in Kenya. It supports the livelihood of approximately four million Kenyans through food provision, income generation and employment. However, milk production per individual animal in Kenya, averaging six to seven (6-7) litres/cow/day, is low compared to the world’s best at 10,133 litres/cow/year (28 litres/cow/day) mainly due to factors including poor feeding. This means that Kenya produces an average of 20 litres of milk less per cow per day compared to the world’s best. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of mineral mix and concentrate feeds on milk revenue of smallholder dairy farmers in Kapseret sub County. The study was conducted between the months of January-March, 2020. Primary data was collected using closed and open ended questionnaires. Spearman’s Rank correlation was used to show the strength of the relationship between the variables. Multiple regression model was employed to assess the effect of supplementation on milk revenue. Results were presented in tables, and descriptive statistics such as percentages and frequencies. The results indicated a positive and statistically significant relationship between the variables (concentrate feeds and mineral mix) and milk revenue at (r=0.41, p=0.001) and (r=0.30, p=0.001), respectively. The relationship between mineral mix and concentrate feeds was positive and statistically significant (r=0.92, p=0.001). Subsequent feeding of homemade or commercial concentrates and mineral mix to dairy animals influenced milk revenue. The study concluded that mineral mix and concentrate feeds increased milk revenue of smallholder dairy farmers in Kapseret sub County. The study recommended the use of mineral mix and commercial concentrates or quality homemade concentrates in order to increase milk produce which affects farmers’ milk revenue.

scholarly journals Motivation factors affecting the job attitude of medical doctors and the organizational performance of public hospitals in Warsaw, Poland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Chmielewska ◽  
Jakub Stokwiszewski ◽  
Justyna Filip ◽  
Tomasz Hermanowski
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Motivation Factors ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: This paper examines the relationship between selected motivation factors that affect the attitude to work among medical doctors at public hospitals and the organizational performance of hospitals .Methods: This study was based on World Health Organization questionnaires designed to estimate motivation factors according to Herzberg’s motivation theory and to measure the level of organizational performance of hospitals by using the McKinsey model . A survey was conducted among physicians (n=249) with either surgical (operative) or nonsurgical (conservative) specialty in 22 departments/units of general public hospitals in Warsaw, Poland. The relationship between the chosen job motivation factors and organizational effectiveness was determined using Spearman’s rank correlation. Furthermore, 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The independent samples t-test was used to confirm statistically significant differences between the independent groups. Normality of the data was tested by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test.Results: The survey revealed that motivation factors related to “quality and style of supervision” have the highest effect on the organizational performance of hospitals (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient = 0.490; p<0.001), whereas “performance feedback” has the lowest effect on organizational performance according to the surveyed healthcare professionals (54% of physicians). Conclusion: The principles of Individual Performance Review should be incorporated into strategies designed to improve the organizational performance of hospitals (with NHS serving as a potential role model) in order to establish specific rules on how to share performance feedback with individual physicians. The present study contributes to literature on human resource management in the healthcare sector and highlights the importance of nonfinancial aspects in improving the organizational performance of hospitals.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Stress Levels With The Incidence Of Hypertension In Menopausal Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Huda Rohmawati ◽  
Siti Aminah ◽  
Sunaningsih ◽  
Rony D. ◽  
Wismoadi A.
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Moderate Stress

Background: Menopause is the cessation of the last menstruation that occurs in the climacteric period and the hormone estrogen is no longer formed. The older the age, the more diseases suffered at the age of menopause, such as hypertension. Hypertension is a condition when a person experiences an increase in blood pressure either slowly or suddenly. The factors that cause hypertension are mostly due to stress. This study aims to determine the relationship between stress levels with the incidence of hypertension in postmenopausal women. Methods: The design of this research is correlational analytic. The sample is 50 respondents with the Stratified Random Sampling technique. The instrument used is a questionnaire. The results of the study were analyzed using the Spearman rank statistical test. Result: The results showed that there were 24 people (48.0%) with moderate stress levels and 18 people (36.0%) experiencing Stage I Hypertension. The results of the Spearman's Rank correlation test showed that the value of value = 0.000 was smaller than the value of = 0.05 so that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, meaning that there is a relationship between stress levels and the incidence of hypertension in postmenopausal women. Conclusion: It is expected that respondents will increase their knowledge about how to deal with stress so that they do not experience stress at a severe level so that it does not have a bad impact on them.

Cerebrovascular Pathology and Responsiveness to Treatment in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Bentham ◽  
Matteo De Marco ◽  
Annalena Venneri
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Cerebral Microbleeds ◽  
Cerebral Hypoperfusion ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
White Matter Changes ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Vascular Burden

Introduction: Responsiveness to treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) is difficult to predict in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In the current review, vascular burden is considered as a potential moderator of treatment responsiveness. Cerebrovascular burden co-occurs in at least 30% of AD brains, although it is debated if vascular pathology plays a causal or synergistic role in AD pathogenesis. Vascular burden, therefore, could potentially limit response to treatment due to limited brain reserve or augment treatment efficacy as those with vascular pathology may represent a subgroup with comparable clinical expression but less progressed AD neurodegeneration. Methods: A systematic search of Web of Science, Pubmed, Scopus and EthoS identified 32 papers which met the criteria for inclusion. Association of treatment response and vascular burden across five broad markers are discussed: cerebral hypoperfusion, intima-media thickness, white matter changes, cerebral microbleeds and co-existing diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease. Results: Analysis of frontal regional cerebral blood flow and intima-media thickness may have pre- dictive ability to distinguish those with AD who may respond optimally to short-term treatment with ChEIs. The impact of white matter changes is less consistent; the majority of studies demons- trate no association with treatment response and those that do implicate changes in executive func- tioning. There is preliminary evidence that deep cerebral microbleeds limit treatment response in subcortical cognitive domains, but this requires replication. The use of diagnosis of co-occurring cerebrovascular disease yields no robust variability in response to ChEIs in AD. Conclusion: There is limited evidence that markers of cerebral hypoperfusion, intima-media thick- ness and cerebral microbleeds moderate response to ChEIs. Findings for other markers of vascular burden are less consistent and do not support any moderating effect.

Abstract WP208: Lower Fractional Anisotropy in White Matter Tracts is Associated With Decreased Manipulative Manual Dexterity Higher Circulating Ceramide Levels in Healthy High-Risk Middle-Aged Individuals

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Hannawi ◽  
Lisa Yanek ◽  
Brian Kral ◽  
Lewis Becker ◽  
Dhananjay Vaidya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
External Capsule ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Disease Diffusion

Introduction: We previously reported impaired manipulative manual dexterity measured by grooved peg-board test (GPBT) in healthypeople with increased total brain ischemic white matter hyperintensities. We hypothesized that preclinical white matter tract damage (WMTD), measured as lower regional fractional anisotropy (rFA), is associated with functional decrements measured with GPBT, and with a biomarker of white matter disease, serum ceramides. Methods: Participants were recruited from the GeneSTAR study in families with a history of coronary artery disease. Diffusion tensor imaging was acquired on a Phillips 3T MRI and rFA was calculated using the 181 Eve segmented atlas. 48 susceptible regions for WMTD were analyzed.Liquid chromatography was used to measure ceramides (C). Spearman’s rank correlation (SRC) was used to test statistical associations and Bonferroni method was used to correct for multiple comparisons. Multivariate analysis (GEE) adjusting for age, sex, race and education was performed for associations that were significant in the univariate analyses. Result: Subjects (n=112) were 49±11 years; 49% male and 39% African American. rFA was correlated with decrements on GPBT in the left (L) anterior corona radiata, L genu of the corpus callosum (LGCC), L external capsule, and L & right fornix (RF) (P=0.0009, 0.0008, 0.0002, 0.0003 and 8.2E-07, respectively). Additionally, rFA was negatively correlated with C18:0 in the RF and LGCC (P=1.27E-05 and 2.58E-05, respectively) and C20:0 in RF (P=6.09E-06). C18:0 was correlated with decrements on GPBT (P=0.0025). GEE showed associations between decremental GPBT and rFA in the RF (B = -0.52, 95% CI -1 - 0.03, p= 0.037), between rFA in the RF and Ceramide (C18:0, B= -0.03, 95% CI -0.046--0.0073, p=0.007, C20:0, B=-0.0002, 95%CI -0.0003-0, P= 0.018), as well as rFA in LGCC and Ceramide (C18:0, B=-0.0097, 95% CI -0.019--0.006, P=0.037). GBPT and ceramides were not associated when adjusted for rFA (B = 0.0002 95% CI -0.052 - 0.052 P= 0.99). Conclusion: These analyses support our hypothesis that preclinical WMTD represented by reduced rFA, may undermine neural networks affecting manipulative manual dexterity, with concomitant elevation in serum ceramides in healthy high risk people.

Altmetrics and their relationship with citation counts: a case of journal articles in physics

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishabh Shrivastava ◽  
Preeti Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Evaluation ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Low Coverage ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The first purpose of the present study is to investigate the coverage of journal articles in Physics in various sources of altmetrics. Secondly, the study investigates the relationship between altmetrics and citations. Finally, the study also investigates whether the relationship between citations and altmetrics was stronger or weaker for those articles that had been mentioned at least once in the sources of altmetrics. Design/methodology/approach The journal articles in Physics having at least one author from an Indian Institution and published during 2014–2018 in sources of altmetrics have been investigated. Altmetric.com was used for collecting altmetrics data. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (ρ) has been used as the data found to be skewed. Findings The highest coverage was found on Twitter (22.68%), followed by Facebook (3.62%) and blogs (2.18%). The coverage in the rest of the sources was less than 1%. The average Twitter mentions for journal articles tweeted at least once was found to be 4 (3.99) and for Facebook mentions, it was found to be 1.48. Correlations between Twitter mentions–citations and Facebook mentions–citation were found to be statistically significant but low to weak positive. Research limitations/implications The study concludes that due to the low coverage of journal articles, altmetrics should be used cautiously for research evaluation keeping in mind the disciplinary differences. The study also suggests that altmetrics can function as complementary to citation-based metrics. Originality/value The study is one of the first large scale altmetrics studies dealing with research in Physics. Also, Indian research has not been attended to in the altmetrics literature and the present study shall fill that void.

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