An Activity Recognition Framework for Monitoring Non-Steady-State Locomotion of Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.21203/rs.3.rs-146215/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mahdieh Kazemimoghadam ◽

Nicholas Fey

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Steady State ◽

Activity Recognition ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Upper Body ◽

Linear Discriminant ◽

Healthcare Monitoring ◽

Task Recognition ◽

Improved Performance

Abstract Background: Fundamental knowledge in activity recognition of individuals with motor disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) has been primarily limited to detection of steady-state/static tasks (e.g., sitting, standing, walking), and identification of non-steady-state locomotion on uneven terrains (stairs, ramps) has not received much attention. Furthermore, previous research has mainly relied on data from a large number of locations which could adversely affect user convenience and system performance. Methods: Here, individuals with mild stages of PD and healthy subjects performed non-steady-state circuit trials comprising stairs, ramp, and changes of direction. An offline analysis using a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifier and a Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) neural network was performed for task recognition. The performance of accelerographic and gyroscopic information from varied lower/upper-body segments were tested across a set of user-independent and user-dependent training paradigms. Results: Comparing the F1 score of a given segment across classifiers showed improved performance using LSTM compared to LDA. Using LSTM, even a subset of information (e.g., feet data) in subject-independent paradigms appeared to provide F1 score > 0.8. However, employing LDA was shown to be at the expense of being limited to using a subject-dependent paradigm and/or biomechanical data from multiple body locations. Conclusion: The findings could inform a number of applications in the field of healthcare monitoring and developing advanced lower-limb assistive devices by providing insights into classification schemes capable of handling non-steady-state and unstructured locomotion in individuals with mild Parkinson’s disease.

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Gait and Balance Changes with Investigational Peripheral Nerve Cell Therapy during Deep Brain Stimulation in People with Parkinson’s Disease

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11040500 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 500

Author(s):

Geetanjali Gera ◽

Zain Guduru ◽

Tritia Yamasaki ◽

Julie A. Gurwell ◽

Monica J. Chau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Deep Brain Stimulation ◽

Peripheral Nerve ◽

Brain Stimulation ◽

Step Length ◽

Gait Velocity ◽

Balance Performance ◽

Improved Performance ◽

Deep Brain

Background: The efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) and dopaminergic therapy is known to decrease over time. Hence, a new investigational approach combines implanting autologous injury-activated peripheral nerve grafts (APNG) at the time of bilateral DBS surgery to the globus pallidus interna. Objectives: In a study where APNG was unilaterally implanted into the substantia nigra, we explored the effects on clinical gait and balance assessments over two years in 14 individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Methods: Computerized gait and balance evaluations were performed without medication, and stimulation was in the off state for at least 12 h to best assess the role of APNG implantation alone. We hypothesized that APNG might improve gait and balance deficits associated with PD. Results: While people with a degenerative movement disorder typically worsen with time, none of the gait parameters significantly changed across visits in this 24 month study. The postural stability item in the UPDRS did not worsen from baseline to the 24-month follow-up. However, we measured gait and balance improvements in the two most affected individuals, who had moderate PD. In these two individuals, we observed an increase in gait velocity and step length that persisted over 6 and 24 months. Conclusions: Participants did not show worsening of gait and balance performance in the off therapy state two years after surgery, while the two most severely affected participants showed improved performance. Further studies may better address the long-term maintanenace of these results.

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Cognitive and Physiological Substrates of Impaired Sentence Processing in Parkinson's Disease

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/jocn.1993.5.4.480 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 480-498 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Murray Grossman ◽

Susan Carvell ◽

Stephen Gollomp ◽

Matthew B. Stern ◽

Martin Reivich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Frontal Cortex ◽

Sentence Processing ◽

Sentence Comprehension ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Left Caudate ◽

Regional Cerebral Glucose Metabolism

Sentence comprehension is a complex process involving at least a grammatical processor and a procedural component that supports language computations. One type of cerebral architecture that may underlie sentence processing is a network of distributed brain regions. We report two experiments designed to evaluate the cognitive and physiological substrate of sentence processing diaculties in nondemented patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In the first experiment, patients answered simple questions about sentences that varied in their computational demands. Group and individual patient analyses indicated that PD patients are significantly compromised on this task, and that their difficulties become more prominent as the computational demands of the sentences increase. We manipulated the set of sentences to stress performance aspects of sentence processing. PD patients were compromised in their ability to detect errors in the presence and nature of a sentence's grammatical morphemes, suggesting a deficit in selective attention, but their ability to answer questions about a sentence was not afFected by short-term memory factors. In the second experiment, positron emission tomography was used to correlate this pattern of sentence comprehension impairment with regional cerebral glucose metabolism (rCMRgl) obtained at rest in a representative subset of these PD patients. Grammatical comprehension and attention in sentence processing correlated significantly with mesial frontal rCMRgl. Regression analyses confirmed the central role of left mesial frontal cortex, and identified a subsidiary role for left caudate in overall sentence comprehension, for left dorsolateral frontal cortex in grammatical processing, and for bilateral dorsolateral frontal cortex in attending to the presence of grammatical features. We conclude that compromised mesial frontal functioning underlies in part the sentence processing deficit of these patients, and these data illustrate one method for mapping portions of a sentence processing mechanism onto a distributed cerebral architecture.

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Human Activity Recognition from Sensor-Based Large-Scale Continuous Monitoring of Parkinson’s Disease Patients

2017 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Connected Health: Applications, Systems and Engineering Technologies (CHASE) ◽

10.1109/chase.2017.87 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Wei-Yi Cheng ◽

Alf Scotland ◽

Florian Lipsmeier ◽

Timothy Kilchenmann ◽

Liping Jin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Activity Recognition ◽

Human Activity ◽

Continuous Monitoring ◽

Large Scale ◽

Human Activity Recognition

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Consolidation and reconsolidation of visual and semantic memory in Parkinson’s disease

Bulletin of Russian State Medical University ◽

10.24075/brsmu.2021.069 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

VB Nikishina ◽

EA Petrash ◽

AA Kuznetsova ◽

TV Shuteeva ◽

IA Zakharova

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Visual Memory ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Memory Span ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Semantic Content ◽

Significant Negative Impact ◽

Memory Consolidation And Reconsolidation

Cognitive and mnestic impairments have a significant negative impact on the quality of parkinsonian patients’ life. Memory impairment causes changes in the mechanisms of information processing. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of transformations undergone by memorized visual and semantic content during memory consolidation and reconsolidation in patients with Parkinson’s disease. The study was conducted on 32 male patients with PD (ICD code: G20). Among the patients, 9 had rigidity/bradykinesia-d ominant PD, 11 had tremor-dominant PD, and 12 suffered from a mixed type of PD. Short-term memory span was assessed using the 10 words and the visual memory tests proposed by Luria. As stimulus materials we used a symbolic representation of the old Greek letter resembling an owl and a translated excerpt from a Canadian aboriginal epic. Regardless of the PD form, the quality of the memorized information was either altered or completely lost. The mechanisms underlying such transformations differed quantitively depending on the PD form. Transformation of the memorized information occurred in the conditions of both incidental and deliberate memorization and was represented by distortions (substitution of the original content with confabulations) and simplifications of the structural and semantic organization. We consolidated significantly lesser amount of auditory verbal (р = 0.018) and visual (p = 0.029) information. This trend was consistent with the pronounced distortion of content during its retrieval.

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