scholarly journals Mutations in CD14 gene may have significant effect on mastitis resistance/susceptibility of buffalo.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aruna Pal ◽  
Abantika Pal ◽  
Arjava Sharma ◽  
Tarun kumar Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Nucleotide Conformation ◽  
Mutational Hotspots ◽  
Future Strategy ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
Cd14 Gene

Abstract Background: CD14 is an important pattern recognition receptor having innate immune function and has antibacterial activity. It binds with LPS of gram-negative bacteria, arachidonic acid, and lipoteichoic acid. Being a receptor, it binds with the pathogen with the help of other cytokines. Mutations in CD14 affect the binding ability which in turn affects the biological potentiality. Method: The present study was conducted on 228 nos. of buffaloes pertaining to four different breeds as Murrah, Mehsana, Surti and Bhadawari. CD14 gene was characterized and polymorphism was detected through Single nucleotide conformation polymorphism. Association study was conducted for different variants of CD14 with mastitis in buffalo, detected through somatic cell count, california mastitis test.Result:Eight variants of CD14 were detected and mutational hotspots were detected in bubaline CD14 with 58 number of non-synonymous SNP, out of which 18 were observed to be deleterious and 34 as thermodynamically unstable. In the present study, we had detected the mutations in CD14 gene and its association with the somatic cell score and other indicators for mastitis. In-silico studies were conducted to understand the molecular mechanism how the mutations affect the biological potentiality by analyzing different domains and structural analysis along with various post-translational modification sites.Conclusion: Deleterious mutations were observed in CD14 gene which have significant effect on mastitis of buffalo. It may be employed for marker assisted selection, therapeutic application of recombinant CD14, gene therapy, transgenic or gene edited animal production with wild type CD14 resistant to mastitis as future strategy.

scholarly journals Mutations in CD14 gene may have significant effect on mastitis resistance/susceptibility of buffalo.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aruna Pal ◽  
Abantika Pal ◽  
Arjava Sharma ◽  
Tarun kumar Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Nucleotide Conformation ◽  
Mutational Hotspots ◽  
Future Strategy ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
Cd14 Gene

Abstract Background: CD14 is an important pattern recognition receptor having innate immune function and has antibacterial activity. It binds with LPS of gram-negative bacteria, arachidonic acid, and lipoteichoic acid. Being a receptor, it binds with the pathogen with the help of other cytokines. Mutations in CD14 affect the binding ability which in turn affects the biological potentiality. Method: The present study was conducted on 228 nos. of buffaloes pertaining to four different breeds as Murrah, Mehsana, Surti and Bhadawari. CD14 gene was characterized and polymorphism was detected through Single nucleotide conformation polymorphism. Association study was conducted for different variants of CD14 with mastitis in buffalo, detected through somatic cell count, california mastitis test.Result: Eight variants of CD14 were detected and mutational hotspots were detected in bubaline CD14 with 58 number of non-synonymous SNP, out of which 18 were observed to be deleterious and 34 as thermodynamically unstable. In the present study, we had detected the mutations in CD14 gene and its association with the somatic cell score and other indicators for mastitis. In-silico studies were conducted to understand the molecular mechanism how the mutations affect the biological potentiality by analyzing different domains and structural analysis along with various post-translational modification sites.Conclusion: Deleterious mutations were observed in CD14 gene which have significant effect on mastitis of buffalo. It may be employed for marker assisted selection, therapeutic application of recombinant CD14, gene therapy, transgenic or gene edited animal production with wild type CD14 resistant to mastitis as future strategy.

scholarly journals Mutations in CD14 gene may have significant effect on mastitis resistance/susceptibility of buffalo.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aruna Pal ◽  
Abantika Pal ◽  
Arjava Sharma ◽  
Tarun kumar Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Transgenic Animal ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Nucleotide Conformation ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Mutational Hotspots ◽  
Future Strategy ◽  
Cd14 Gene

Abstract Background: CD14 is an important pattern recognition receptor having innate immune function and has antibacterial activity. It binds with LPS of gram-negative bacteria, arachidonic acid, and lipoteichoic acid. Being a receptor, it binds with the pathogen with the help of other cytokines. Mutations in CD14 affect the binding ability which in turn affects the biological potentiality. Method: The present study was conducted on 228 nos. of buffaloes pertaining to four different breeds as Murrah, Mehsana, Surti and Bhadawari. CD14 gene was characterized and polymorphism was detected through Single nucleotide conformation polymorphism. Association study was conducted for different variants of CD14 with mastitis in buffalo, detected through somatic cell count, california mastitis test. Result: Eight variants of CD14 were detected and mutational hotspots were detected in bubaline CD14 with 58 number of non-synonymous SNP, out of which 18 were observed to be deleterious and 34 as thermodynamically unstable. In the present study, we had detected the mutations in CD14 gene and its association with the somatic cell score and other indicators for mastitis. In-silico studies were conducted to understand the molecular mechanism how the mutations affect the biological potentiality by analyzing different domains and structural analysis along with various post-translational modification sites. Conclusion: Deleterious mutations were observed in CD14 gene which have significant effect on mastitis of buffalo. It may be employed for marker assisted selection, therapeutic application of recombinant CD14, gene therapy, transgenic animal production with wild type CD14 resistant to mastitis as future strategy. Keywords: CD14, cytokine, bio-informatics, mutation, SNP, deleterious, I-mutant, Provean, mastitis

scholarly journals Mutations in CD14 gene causes mastitis in different breeds of buffalo as confirmed by in silico studies and experimental validation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aruna Pal ◽  
Abantika Pal ◽  
Arjava Sharma ◽  
Tarun Kumar Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Transgenic Animal ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Nucleotide Conformation ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Mutational Hotspots ◽  
Cd14 Gene

Abstract Background CD 14 is an important pattern recognition receptor having innate immune function and has antibacterial activity. It binds with LPS of gram-negative bacteria, arachidonic acid, and lipoteichoic acid. Being a receptor, it binds with the pathogen with the help of other cytokines. Mutations in CD14 affect the binding ability which in turn affects the biological potentiality. Method The present study was conducted on 228 nos. of buffaloes pertaining to four different breeds as Murrah, Mehsana, Surti and Bhadawari. CD14 gene was characterized and polymorphism was detected through Single nucleotide conformation polymorphism. Association study was conducted for different variants of CD14 with mastitis in buffalo, detected through somatic cell count, california mastitis test. Result Eight variants of CD14 were detected and mutational hotspots were detected in bubaline CD14 with 58 number of non-synonymous SNP, out of which 18 were observed to be deleterious and 34 as thermodynamically unstable. In the present study, we had detected the mutations in CD14 gene and its association with the somatic cell score and other indicators for mastitis. In-silico studies were conducted to understand the molecular mechanism how the mutations affect the biological potentiality by analyzing different domains and structural analysis along with various post-translational modification sites. Conclusion Deleterious mutations were observed in CD14 gene which have significant effect on mastitis of buffalo. It may be employed for marker assisted selection, therapeutic application of recombinant CD14, gene therapy, transgenic animal production with wild type CD14 resistant to mastitis as future strategy.

Association and expression analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms of CD14 gene with somatic cell score in crossbred cattle

Gene Reports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 255-260
Author(s):  
Jay Prakash Gupta ◽  
Bharat Bhushan ◽  
V.N. Muhasin Asaf ◽  
Amod Kumar ◽  
Sanjeev Ranjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Somatic Cell Score ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Cd14 Gene

scholarly journals Bulk tank somatic cell count and associated microbial quality of milk from selected dairy cattle herds in Oyo State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufemi Olatoye ◽  
Adesola Amosun ◽  
Uzo Ogbu ◽  
Yemi Okunlade
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test

Improvement of traditional and nomadic milk production through dairy development program in Nigeria requires routine quality and safety monitoring of milk both at herd level and milk collection centers. A total of 411 bulk raw milk samples aseptically obtained from Ibarapa, Oyo and Oke-Ogun industrial milk collection centers were subjected to California Mastitis Test (CMT), Bulk Somatic Cell Count (BSCC) and bacteriological analysis for assessment of quality and safety of milk from the herds. One hundred and seven (26.0%) of the samples were CMT positive, while 74.0% were negative to CMT. The overall mean BSCC, TAC and TCC were 1.27×103 ± cells/mL, 1.12×103± 34 cfu/mL, 97.8±9.8 cfu/mL in the CMT negative milk samples while for the strong positive samples the mean BSCC, TAC and TCC were 4.33×106 ± cells/mL, 2.35×106 ± 453 cfu/mL, 189.3±41.1 cfu/mL respectively; these were higher than the Pasteurized Milk Ordinance acceptable limits. Positive correlation was found between CMT scores and bacterial contamination and between CMT scores and SCC was recorded. About 26.0% of the samples with positive CMT could be considered unsafe due to strong correlation with microbial contamination that could result in milk borne zoonoses and public health hazards. However, a greater proportion (76.9%) of the milk with negative CMT scores could be safe for human consumption after post-harvest pasteurization. Consequently, there is need to improve handling, environmental and milking hygiene; as well as proper herd and udder health management to improve quality and safety of Nigeria dairy products.

scholarly journals Systematic identification of non-coding somatic single nucleotide variants associated with altered transcription and DNA methylation in adult and pediatric cancers

NAR Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengju Chen ◽  
Yiqun Zhang ◽  
Chad J Creighton
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Single Nucleotide Variants ◽  
Multiple Cancer ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mutational Hotspots ◽  
Cancer Types

Abstract Whole-genome sequencing combined with transcriptomics can reveal impactful non-coding single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in cancer. Here, we developed an integrative analytical approach that, as a first step, identifies genes altered in expression or DNA methylation in association with nearby somatic SNVs, in contrast to alternative approaches that first identify mutational hotspots. Using genomic datasets from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) consortium and the Children's Brain Tumor Tissue Consortium (CBTTC), we identified hundreds of genes and associated CpG islands for which the nearby presence of a non-coding somatic SNV recurrently associated with altered expression or DNA methylation, respectively. Genomic regions upstream or downstream of genes, gene introns and gene untranslated regions were all involved. The PCAWG adult cancer cohort yielded different significant SNV-expression associations from the CBTTC pediatric brain tumor cohort. The SNV-expression associations involved a wide range of cancer types and histologies, as well as potential gain or loss of transcription factor binding sites. Notable genes with SNV-associated increased expression include TERT, COPS3, POLE2 and HDAC2—involving multiple cancer types—MYC, BCL2, PIM1 and IGLL5—involving lymphomas—and CYHR1—involving pediatric low-grade gliomas. Non-coding somatic SNVs show a major role in shaping the cancer transcriptome, not limited to mutational hotspots.

scholarly journals Diagnosing mastitis in early lactation: use of Somaticell®, California mastitis test and somatic cell count

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 723-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Ferronatto ◽  
Thaís C. Ferronatto ◽  
Marla Schneider ◽  
Lindomar F. Pessoa ◽  
Maiara G. Blagitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
California Mastitis Test

scholarly journals Associations between Leptin Gene Polymorphisms and Somatic Cell Count in Milk of Jersey Cows

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Kulig ◽  
Marek Kmieć ◽  
Katarzyna Wojdak-Maksymiec
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Jersey Cows ◽  
Intron 2 ◽  
Genotype And Allele Frequencies

A total of 181 Jersey cows were used to investigate how leptin gene polymorphisms affect somatic cell count (SCC) in milk. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped, namely the R4C polymorphism in exon 2, the Sau3AI polymorphism in intron 2 and the A59V polymorphism in exon 3. The genotype and allele frequencies for each polymorphism and the haplotype frequencies for all polymorphisms were estimated in the herd under study. Statistical analysis revealed that the R4C and Sau3AI polymorphisms significantly affected SCC (P &#x2AAC 0.01) with C and T as a desirable allele, respectively. No associations were found between the A59V polymorphism and SCC in this study. However, all the genotype combinations (haplotypes) significantly affected this trait. The results indicate that selection for the R4C CC and Sau3AI TT animals might contribute to a reduction of SCC in Jersey cattle.

Visual appearance and CMT score of foremilk of individual quarters in relation to cell count of cows milked automatically

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten D Rasmussen ◽  
Martin Bjerring ◽  
Flemming Skjøth
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Correct Classification ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
California Mastitis Test

The objectives of the study were: to evaluate the interaction between visual appearance and California mastitis test (CMT) score of the foremilk in relation to the cell count of the milk; to evaluate the consequences of sorting milk according to these criteria; and to explore whether visual appearance and CMT score of foremilk depended on the time interval between milkings. Measuring somatic cell count (SCC) in composite milk only and discarding milk above certain thresholds will not ensure that milk from all cows with visually abnormal foremilk is withheld from delivery. Low thresholds of SCC will reduce the frequency of cows with abnormal milk but increase the discarding of milk from cows with visually normal foremilk. CMT score of foremilk differentiated better between cows with high and low SCC in composite milk than visual inspection of foremilk. CMT scores of foremilk decreased with increasing interval between milkings within cow, whereas the visual appearance was independent of the interval. We propose that visual appearance of the foremilk should be kept as a criterion for sorting milk at time of milking. For test purposes, the use of visual appearance of foremilk for differentiation between normal and abnormal milk has to be done on multiple milkings. Additionally, CMT scoring of foremilk improves correct classification of normal and abnormal quarters and especially when including data from the previous milking.

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