crossbred cattle
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2022 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma Elzaki ◽  
Paula Korkuc ◽  
Danny Arends ◽  
Monika Reissmann ◽  
Siham A. Rahmatalla ◽  
...  

AbstractThe Bos indicus zebu cattle Butana is the most commonly used indigenous dairy cattle breed in Sudan. In the last years, high-yielding Holstein dairy cattle were introgressed into Butana cattle to improve their milk yield and simultaneously keep their good adaption to extreme environmental conditions. With the focus on the improvement of milk production, other problems arose such as an increased susceptibility to mastitis. Thus, genetic selection for mastitis resistance should be considered to maintain healthy and productive cows. In this study, we tested 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which had been associated with somatic cell score (SCS) in Holstein cattle for association with SCS in 37 purebred Butana and 203 Butana × Holstein crossbred cattle from Sudan. Animals were genotyped by competitive allele-specific PCR assays and association analysis was performed using a linear mixed model. All 10 SNPs were segregating in the crossbred Butana × Holstein populations, but only 8 SNPs in Sudanese purebred Butana cattle. The SNP on chromosome 13 was suggestively associated with SCS in the Butana × Holstein crossbred population (rs109441194, 13:79,365,467, PBF = 0.054) and the SNP on chromosome 19 was significantly associated with SCS in both populations (rs41257403, 19:50,027,458, Butana: PBF = 0.003, Butana × Holstein: PBF = 6.2 × 10−16). The minor allele of both SNPs showed an increase in SCS. Therefore, selection against the disadvantageous minor allele could be used for genetic improvement of mastitis resistance in the studied populations. However, investigations in a bigger population and across the whole genome are needed to identify additional genomic loci.


2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Souza Leal ◽  
Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo ◽  
Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo ◽  
Marina de Nadai Bonin Gomes ◽  
Alexandre Menezes Dias ◽  
...  

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Predith Michael ◽  
Clement Roy de Cruz ◽  
Norhariani Mohd Nor ◽  
Saadiah Jamli ◽  
Goh Yong Meng

The demand and consumption of dairy products are expected to increase exponentially in developing countries, particularly in tropical regions. However, the intensification of dairy production to meet this increasing demand has its challenges. The challenges ranged from feed costs, resources, and their utilization, as well as the heat stress associated with rearing temperate–tropical crossbred cattle in the tropics. This article focused on key nutritional and environmental factors that should be considered when temperate–tropical crossbred cattle are used in the tropics. The article also describes measures to enhance the utilization of regional feed resources and efforts to overcome the impacts of heat stress. Heat stress is a major challenge in tropical dairy farming, as it leads to poor production, despite the genetic gains made through crossbreeding of high production temperate cattle with hardy tropical animals. The dependence on imported feed and animal-man competition for the same feed resources has escalated feed cost and food security concerns. The utilization of agricultural by-products and production of stable tropical crossbreds will be an asset to tropical countries in the future, more so when scarcity of feed resources and global warming becomes a closer reality. This initiative has far-reaching impacts in the tropics and increasingly warmer areas of traditional dairying regions in the future.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Shubham Loat ◽  
Namita Kumari ◽  
Shallu Saini ◽  
M. S. Dige ◽  
Anurag Kumar ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Praopilas Phakdeedindan ◽  
Manita Wittayarat ◽  
Theerawat Tharasanit ◽  
Mongkol Techakumphu ◽  
Megumi Shimazaki ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Parveen Parasar ◽  
Bharat Bhushan ◽  
Manjit Panigrahi ◽  
Harshit Kumar ◽  
Kaiho Kaisa ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepthi M ◽  
Kumar Arvind ◽  
Rituja Saxena ◽  
Joby Pulikkan ◽  
Vineet K Sharma ◽  
...  

Abstract The indigenous cattle are efficient in converting low quality feeds and forage into animal products. Kasaragod Dwarf cattle, a unique non-descriptive native cattle of Kerala, India, are noted for their unique qualities, such as low feed intake, thermotolerance, greater resistance to diseases and A2 allelic variant milk. However, owing to the higher milk yield, Holstein crossbred cattle are given more importance over Kasaragod Dwarf. The hindgut microbiota plays a major role in various biological processes such as the digestion, vitamins synthesis, and immunity in cattle. In this study, we compared the hindgut microbiota of the Kasaragod Dwarf with the highly found, Holstein crossbred utilizing 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing for a better understanding of the relationship between the host and microbial community. Four replicates of each 20 samples comprising two cattle type (n=10) were sequenced and analyzed. Marker gene-based taxonomic analysis affirmed variations in their microbial composition. Principle Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) using weighted and unweighted UniFrac distance matrices showed the distinct microbial architecture of the two cattle type. Random Forest analysis further confirmed the distinctness and revealed the signature taxa in K-Dwarf. The study observed the predominance of feed efficiency associated genera viz., Anaerovibrio, Succinivibrio, Roseburia, Coprococcus, Anaerostipes, Paludibacter, Elusimicrobium, Sutterella, Oribacterium, Coprobacillus, and Ruminobacter in Kasaragod Dwarf cattle. The study highlights the abundance of unique and beneficial hindgut microflora found in Kasaragod Dwarf, which may attest its importance over exotic cattle breeds viz., Holstein. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Kasaragod Dwarf cattle gut microbiome profiling. This study is pivotal towards developing genetic resources for the microbial population in K-Dwarf and how it could be differentiated from Holstein crossbred cattle.


Author(s):  
Sudhakar Krovvidi ◽  
Thiruvenkadan K. Aranganoor ◽  
Saravanan Ramasamy ◽  
Murali Nagarajan

Abstract The Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5A (STAT5A) gene involved in activating the transcription of milk protein genes was predicted to be influencing milk production traits. The present study was undertaken to investigate the suitability of the polymorphism of STAT5A as a marker for milk traits in Ongole, crossbred cattle and Murrah buffaloes from Southern India. Blood samples (n = 502) for DNA isolation and milk samples (n = 222) from different genetic groups were collected from various farms. The gene variants upon polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) on the exon 7 region of STAT5A were subjected to GLM analysis to evaluate their association with milk production traits. The frequencies of C and T alleles at the STAT5A/AvaI locus were 0.98 and 0.02 (Jersey crossbred), 0.94 and 0.06 [Holstein-Friesian (HF) crossbred], 0.97 and 0.03 (Ongole). T allele was not observed in Murrah buffaloes. The least squares mean lactation milk yield of CC and CT genotypes of STAT5A were 2,096.90 ± 48.63 and 2,294.41 ± 215.85 kg in Jersey crossbred, 2,312.92 ± 91.01 and 2,392.82 ± 207.66 kg in HF crossbred and 528.40 ± 22.10 and 396.37 ± 76.17 kg in Ongole cattle, respectively. The milk fat content of the CC genotype was higher (P > 0.05) in Jersey crossbred cattle. The CT genotypes of Ongole and HF crossbred cattle recorded a higher fat per cent than the CC genotypes. Significant associations were not observed in support of STAT5A as a marker for milk production traits in either Ongole or crossbred cattle of indicine admixture and no reason could be found to consider this locus as universal markers for milk production traits in indicine cattle and buffaloes. Considering the monomorphic nature of the gene in buffaloes and their higher milk fat content as compared to bovine milk, much remains to be explored regarding the underlying differences across the bovine and the bubaline species.


Author(s):  
M Giasuddin ◽  
MZ Ali ◽  
MA Sayeed ◽  
E Islam

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a severe and highly contagious disease that causes immense financial losses due to mortality, reduced milk production, treatment cost of affected cattle, weight loss of fattening cattle and manpower loss for taking care of affected cattle, which occurs in Bangladesh almost every year. Outbreak of this disease causes financial loss to the farmers as well as the national economy of Bangladesh. Therefore, an attempt was made to assess the morbidity and mortality by FMD and to estimate financial loss incurred therein. For this study, data were collected from 850 affected households of Dhaka, Rajshahi, Rangpur, Khulna and Chattogram divisions of Bangladesh during July 2017 to June 2018 using a pre-tested interview schedule responding to the study objectives. In total, there were 4857 crossbred and 2138 native cattle in the affected household. The study revealed that the overall morbidity and mortality rates were 55.43% and 5.15%, respectively in crossbred cattle and 77.83% and 12.39%, respectively in native cattle and it differed significantly (p<0.01) with areas and category of cattle. Infection period for an FMD affected crossbred cattle were an average of 18.46±0.27 days and for native cattle were an average of 19.56±0.40 days. The total financial loss due to the FMD outbreak was calculated as Taka 53172067 (Tk. 53.17 million or US$ 0.63 million) for 850 affected households. The percentage of loss incurred was the highest for the death of affected cattle (63.47%) followed by veterinary cost (10.71%), weight loss of fattening cattle (10.68%), reduction in milk yield (9.17%) and manpower loss for taking care of affected cattle (5.98%). Based on this calculation the projected financial loss due to the FMD outbreak would be Taka 18856.96 crore (Tk. 188.57 billion or US$ 2.22 billion) per year in Bangladesh. Bang. J. Livs. Res. Vol. 27 (1&2), 2020: P. 82-94


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